|
UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| This study aims to investigate athletes’ anxiety experience in team and individual sports during training and competitions. A total of 219 youth athletes (Individual, n = 112, Team, n = 107), (Male, n = 110, Female, n = 109) in various types of sports who represented in ‘Sukan Malaysia’ (SUKMA) competition had completed the questionnaires in assessing athletes’ anxiety experience. CSAI-2 scale (score range 1 - 4) were used in the study consists of three components, which are somatic anxiety (α = .74), cognitive anxiety (α = .77), and self-confidence (α = .86). Results revealed that there is a significant correlation (weak to a strong, negative and positive correlation) between all the variables of anxiety (somatic, cognitive and self-confidence). The t-test showed no significant difference among all the variables of anxiety between the team and individual sports. In addition, the result indicated there is no significant difference among the variables of anxiety between genders except for confidence. In conclusion, anxiety in athletes is an uncomfortable psychological condition in response to a perceived stress or the success of a task under pressure. |
| References |
Aryanto, D. B., & Larasati, A. (2020). Factors influencing mental toughness. Atlantis Press: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 395(5), 307-309. doi:10.2991/assehr.k.200120.066 Cheng, W. N. K., Hardy, L., & Markland, D. (2009). Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(2), 271-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.08.001 Correia, M., & Rosado, A. (2019). Anxiety in athletes: Gender and type of sport differences. International Journal of Psychological Research, 12(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.3552 Esposito, G., Ceruso, R., D'Elia, F., & D'Isanto, T. (2020). Performance anxiety: How to play reliable and rational Jurnal Sains Sukan dan Pendidikan Jasmani Vol 11, No 1, 2022 (29-37) ISSN: 2232-1918 / eISSN: 2600-9323 https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/journal/JSSPJ tennis by reducing mental pressure. doi:10.14198/jhse.2020.15.Proc2.12 Fernández, M. M., Brito, C. J., Miarka, B., & Díaz-de-Durana, A. L. (2020). Anxiety and emotional intelligence: comparisons between combat sports, gender and levels using the trait meta-mood scale and the inventory of situations and anxiety response. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 130. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00130 Flowers, R. A. (2001). Effects of sport context and birth order on state anxiety. University of Missouri-Kansas City. Grossbard, J. R., Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Cumming, S. P. (2009). Competitive anxiety in young athletes: Differentiating somatic anxiety, worry, and concentration disruption. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 22(2), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800802020643 Halilaj, B., Gallopeni, F., & Gllareva, I. (2016). Pre And Post Competition Anxiety And Self-Confidence In Kosovo Gymnasts. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 1(2). Hassan, M. H. A., Muhamed, A. M. C., Ali, N. F. M., Lian, D. K. C., Yee, K. L., Safii, N. S., ... & Fauzi, N. F. M. (Eds.). (2020). Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design: Proceedings of the 2019 Movement, Health & Exercise (MoHE) and International Sports Science Conference (ISSC). Springer Nature. Hossein, S., Zahra, H., & Seyed, R. A. H. (2016). Comparative analysis of competitive state anxiety among team sport and individual sport athletes in Iran. Physical Education of Students, 20(5), 57–60. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2016.0508 Jetter, M., & Walker, J. K. (2015). Game, set, and match: Do women and men perform differently in competitive situations?. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 119, 96-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2015.07.017 Kajbafnezhad, H., Ahadi, H., Heidarie, A. R., Askari, P., & Enayati, M. (2011). Difference between team and individual sports with respect to psychological skills, overall emotional intelligence and athletic success motivation in Shiraz city athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 11(3), 249. Kassim, A. F. M., Aznan, E. A. M., & Halim, N. S. A. (2020). Perceptions of Coaching Behavior and Its Impact on Managerial of Team Sports Performance. Jurnal Intelek, 15(2), 60-66. https://doi.org/10.24191/ji.v15i2.307 Kristjánsdóttir, H., Erlingsdóttir, A. V., Sveinsson, G., & Saavedra, J. M. (2018). Psychological skills, mental toughness and anxiety in elite handball players. Personality and Individual Differences, 134, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.011 Kumar, A. (2017). Anxiety level of sportsmen of individual and team games: A comparative study. Lirgg, C. D., & Feltz, D. L. (1989). Female self-confidence in sport: Myths, realities, and enhancement strategies. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 60(3), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1989.10603971 Lukasik, K. M., Waris, O., Soveri, A., Lehtonen, M., & Laine, M. (2019). The Relationship of Anxiety and Stress With Working Memory Performance in a Large Non-depressed Sample. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00004 Mohd Kassim, A. F., Wan Abdullah, W. F. I., Md Japilus, S. J., & Azanuar Yusri, A. S. (2019). Coach-Athlete Relationship and Coaching Effectiveness in Team Sports Athletes. In International Conference on Movement, Health and Exercise (pp. 451-462). Springer, Singapore. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_46 Mohd Kassim, A.F. Coach’s Effectiveness Mediate Longitudinal Effects Of Transformational Leadership Behaviour On Athlete Outcomes. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), [S.l.], v. 17, n. 2. doi.org/10.24191/mjssr.v17i2.15396 Murugeesan, Y., & Hasan, N. A. M. (2016). Review of Factors Influencing the Coach-Athlete Relationship in Malaysian Team Sport. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 1(3), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v1i3.19 Nisar, M. M., & Hassan, M. A. (2020). Anxiety among South India Inter University Volleyball Players: An overview of Gender and playing position wise difference. Otten, M. P., & Barrett, M. E. (2013). Pitching and clutch hitting in Major League Baseball: What 109 years of statistics reveal. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(4), 531-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.03.003 Paserman, M. D. (2007). Gender Differences in Performance in Competitive Environments: Evidence from Professional Tennis Players. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.997269 Patel, D. R., Omar, H., & Terry, M. (2010). Sport-related performance anxiety in young female athletes. Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology, 23(6), 325-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2010.04.004 Pluhar, E., McCracken, C., Griffith, K. L., Christino, M. A., Sugimoto, D., & Meehan III, W. P. (2019). Team sport athletes may be less likely to suffer anxiety or depression than individual sport athletes. Journal of Jurnal Sains Sukan dan Pendidikan Jasmani Vol 11, No 1, 2022 (29-37) ISSN: 2232-1918 / eISSN: 2600-9323 https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/journal/JSSPJ sports science & medicine, 18(3), 490. Ramis, Y., Viladrich, C., Sousa, C., & Jannes, C. (2015). Exploring the factorial structure of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2: Invariance across language, gender, age and type of sport. Psicothema, 27(2), 174-181. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2014.263. Rathod, K. K. (2020). “ A comparison of anxiety and aggression level between male and female players .” 50, 516–522. Rowland, D. L., & Van Lankveld, J. J. (2019). Anxiety and performance in sex, sport, and stage: identifying common ground. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1615. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01615 Satyanarayana, L. H., Pooja, M., & Nagraja, Y. (2018). Compare the competitive state anxiety of handball and volleyball Kuvempu University inter-collegiate men players. Schaal, K., Tafflet, M., Nassif, H., Thibault, V., Pichard, C., Alcotte, M., Guillet, T., El Helou, N., Berthelot, G., Simon, S., & Toussaint, J. F. (2011). Psychological balance in high level athletes: Gender-Based differences and sport-specific patterns. PLoS ONE, 6(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019007 Soltani, H., Hojati, Z., & Reza Attarzadeh Hossini, S. (2016). Comparative analysis of competitive state anxiety among team sport and individual sport athletes in Iran. Physical Education of Students, 20(5), 57–60. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2016.0508 Woodman, T., & Hardy, L. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(6), 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000101809
|
| This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |