UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About

QR Code Link :

Type :article
Subject :L Education (General)
ISSN :2050-7283
Main Author :Hazalizah Hamzah
Title :The 4-item family resilience scale: psychometric evaluation and measurement invariance of the malay version in adolescents and young adults
Place of Production :Tanjung Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Pembangunan Manusia
Year of Publication :2023
Notes :BMC Psychology
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
HTTP Link :Click to view web link

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Background: The original Family Resilience Scale (FRS) is a reliable tool to assess family resilience. However, the FRS is based on the United States and parental context. Thus, the usefulness of the FRS for the adolescent and young adult population in Asian countries, particularly Malaysia remains unknown. This study translated the FRS into the Malay language and validated it on Malaysian adolescents and young adults to identify its potential as a self-report tool to assess the resilience level of their family. Methods: A total of 351 participants (Mage = 19.75, SDage = 3.29) were recruited in the study using purposive sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factorial structure of the Family Resilience Scale-Malay (FRS-Malay) and measurement invariance between adolescents and young adults. Then, the scales reliability was investigated using Cronbachs alpha, McDonalds omega coefficients, and composite reliability index. Finally, we examined the discriminant validity of the FRS-Malay by correlating its score with individual resilience score and examined the incremental validity of the scale using hierarchical multiple regression analysis to test if family resilience can explain individual well-being levels beyond and above individual resilience. Results: The findings of the confirmatory factor analysis suggest that a single-factor model is supported for both age groups. Furthermore, the scale exhibited scalar invariance between adolescents and young adults. The scale also exhibited good reliability, as the value of Cronbachs alpha, McDonald omega coefficients, and composite reliability index were above 0.80. Additionally, the Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the FRS-Malay and individual resilience scores, which supports the discriminant validity of the scale. Similarly, the incremental validity of the scale is also supported. Specifically, family resilience had a positive correlation with well-being, even after controlling for individual resilience in the regression analysis. Conclusions: The FRS-Malay has demonstrated good reliability and validity. The scale measures the same construct of family resilience across adolescents and young adults, making it suitable for comparisons. Therefore, this unidimensional tool is appropriate for self-reporting their perceived level of family resilience. It is also useful for studying the development and fluctuation of family resilience in the Malaysian context. 2023, The Author(s).

References

American Psychological Association. APA Dictionary of Psychology. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 28]. Available from: https://dictionary.apa.org/resilience.

Choudhary Y, Kumar M, Mahore R, Lanke GW, Dubey M. Aggression, self–esteem, and resilience among children: a school–based cross–sectional study from Central India. Asian J Soc Heal Behav [Internet]. 2022;5:115–21. Available from: http://www.shbonweb.com/text.asp?2020/3/1/1/280554.

Kadian S, Joseph J, Pal S, Devi R. Brief resilience interventions for mental health among college students: randomized controlled trial. Asian J Soc Heal Behav [Internet]. 2022;5:131–7. Available from: http://www.shbonweb.com/text.asp?2020/3/1/1/280554.

Rashnuodi P, Nourollahi–Darabad M, Afshari D, Shirali GA, Amiri A, Rotkhali E et al. The effect of resilience indicators on the job stress level among nurses: a predictor study. Asian J Soc Heal Behav [Internet]. 2022;5:138–45. Available from: http://www.shbonweb.com/text.asp?2020/3/1/1/280554.

Masten AS, Tellegen A. Resilience in developmental psychopathology: contributions of the project competence longitudinal study. Dev Psychopathol. 2012;24(2):345–61. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457941200003X.

Nooripour R, Hoseinian S, Vakili Y, Ghanbari N, Matacotta JJ, Mozaffari N et al. Psychometric properties of Farsi version of the resilience scale (CD-RISC) and its role in predicting aggression among Iranian athletic adolescent girls. BMC Psychol [Internet]. 2022;10(1):142. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00852-2.

Fenwick-Smith A, Dahlberg E, Thompson S. Systematic review of resilienceenhancing, universal, primary school-based mental health promotion programs. BMC Psychol. 2018;6:30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-018-0242-3.

Sölva K, Haselgruber A, Lueger-Schuster B. Resilience in the face of adversity: classes of positive adaptation in trauma-exposed children and adolescents in residential care. BMC Psychol [Internet]. 2023;11:30. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s40359-023-01049-x.

Walsh F. The concept of family resilience: crisis and challenge. Fam Process. 1996;35(3):261–81.  ttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.1996.00261.x.

Patterson JM. Understanding family resilience. J Clin Psychol. 2002;58(3):233–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10019.

Black K, Lobo M, Family Resilience Factors. J Fam Nurs. 2008;14(1):33–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074840707312237.

Sinha D, Srivastava S, Mishra PS, Kumar P. Predictors of deliberate self-harm among adolescents: answers from a cross-sectional study on India. BMC Psychol [Internet]. 2021;9:197. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00705-4.

Everri M, Messena M, Nearchou F, Fruggeri L. Parent–child relationships, digital media use and parents’ well-being during covid-19 home confinement: the role of family resilience. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315687.

Chen JJ, Wang QL, Li HP, Zhang T, Zhang SS, Zhou MK. Family resilience, perceived social support, and individual resilience in cancer couples: analysis using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model. Eur J Oncol Nurs [Internet]. 2021;52: 101932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101932.

Bethell CD, Gombojav N, Whitaker RC. Family resilience and connection promote flourishing among US children, even amid adversity. Health Aff. 2019;38(5):729–37. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05425.

Li Y, Qiao Y, Luan X, Li S, Wang K. Family resilience and psychological wellbeing among Chinese breast cancer survivors and their caregivers. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2019;28(2): e12984. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12984.

Uddin J, Alharbi N, Uddin H, Hossain MB, Hatipoğlu SS, Long DL et al. Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children’s mental health and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Affect Disord [Internet]. 2020;272:104–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.132.

Walsh F. Family resilience: A framework for clinical practice. Fam Process [Internet]. 2003;42(I):1–18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12698595.

Patterson JM. Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. J Marriage Fam. 2002;64(2):349–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00349.x.

Zhou J, He B, He Y, Huang W, Zhu H, Zhang M et al. Measurement properties of family resilience assessment questionnaires: a systematic review. Fam Pract. 2020;37(5):581–91. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmaa027.

Sixbey MT. Development of the family resilience assessment scale to identify family resilience constructs [Internet]. University of Florida; 2005. Available from: https://www.proquest.com/openview/f442df9a9cb4e8cb9437e3f63b2a882a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y.

Distelberg BJ, Martin AS, Borieux M, Oloo WA. Multidimensional Family Resilience Assessment: The Individual, Family, And Community Resilience (IFCR) Profile. J Hum Behav Soc Environ. 2015;25(6):552–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2014.988320.

Finley EP, Pugh MJ, Palmer RF. Validation of a measure of family resilience among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. Mil Behav Heal. 2016;4(3):205–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2016.1153530.

Burnette CE, Boel-Studt S, Renner LM, Figley CR, Theall KP, Miller Scarnato J et al. The Family Resilience Inventory: a culturally grounded measure of current and family-of-origin protective processes in Native American families. Fam Process. 2020;59(2):695–708. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12423.

Zhang S, Hong JS, Garthe RC, Espelage DL, Schacter HL. Parental stress and adolescent bullying perpetration and victimization: The mediating role of adolescent anxiety and family resilience. J Affect Disord [Internet]. 2021;290:284–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.023.

Chicca J, Shellenbarger T. Connecting with Generation Z: approaches in nursing education. Teach Learn Nurs [Internet]. 2018;13(3):180–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2018.03.008.

Mat Salleh MS, Mahbob NN, Baharudin NS. Overview of “Generation Z” behavioural characteristic and its effect towards hostel facility. Int J Real Estate Stud [Internet]. 2017;11(2):59–67. Available from: https://builtsurvey.utm. my/intrest/files/2017/09/07-OVERVIEW-OF-“GENERATION-Z”-BEHAVIOURALCHARACTERISTIC-AND-ITS-EFFECT-TOWARDS-HOSTEL-FACILITY.pdf.

United Nations Children’s Fund. Situation analysis of adolescents in Malaysia: an inforgraphic booklet [Internet]. UNICEF. 2021. Available from: https://www. unicef.org/malaysia/media/2631/file/Adolescent_SitAn_infographic_booket.pdf.

Chudoba B, Survey M. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 28]. How long should a survey be? What is the ideal survey length? Available from: https://www.surveymonkey.com/curiosity/survey_completion_times/.

Sahlqvist S, Song Y, Bull F, Adams E, Preston J, Ogilvie D. Effect of questionnaire length, personalisation and reminder type on response rate to a complex postal survey: randomised controlled trial. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2011;11:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-11-62.

Sharma H. How short or long should be a questionnaire for any research? Researchers dilemma in deciding the appropriate questionnaire length. Saudi J Anaesth. 2022;16(1):65–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_163_21.

Kost RG, Correa da Rosa J. Impact of survey length and compensation on validity, reliability, and sample characteristics for ultrashort-, short-, and long-research participant perception surveys. J Clin Transl Sci. 2018;2(1):31–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.18.

Fong PC. Literacy among the secondary schools students in Malaysia. Int J Soc Sci Humanit. 2012;2(6):546–50. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJSSH.2012. V2.168


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.