UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About
Menu Icon

QR Code Link :

Type :article
Subject :L Education (General)
ISSN :1694-2116
Main Author :Tee Ying Qin
Additional Authors :Pau Kee
Title :Applying e-writing therapy to improve mental wellbeing among Malaysian university students following the Covid-19 pandemic
Place of Production :Tanjung Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Pembangunan Manusia
Year of Publication :2023
Notes :International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
HTTP Link :Click to view web link

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis that has significantly impacted peoples lives worldwide, particularly in terms of mental health and wellbeing. The implementation of frequent and restrictive movement control orders has resulted in prolonged online learning for university students. However, limited research has been conducted to test practical interventions aimed at alleviating the negative impact on the mental wellbeing of university students during the pandemic. This mixed-method research study aimed to investigate the usability of e-writing therapy as an intervention tool to improve the mental wellbeing of 40 university students in a public Malaysian higher education institution. A one-group pretest-posttest design was employed, and a mental wellbeing questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) was administered to the participants before and after the intervention. The results of paired-samples t-tests for each instrument indicated that there was no significant improvement in the students mental wellbeing after the four-week intervention period. However, qualitative data obtained from the students experiences with e-writing therapy revealed that it provided a flexible and personal safe space for emotional expression. It empowered them to address their mental health needs during the post-pandemic era, while minimising concerns about stigma, privacy and confidentiality, despite having certain challenges and concerns. Therefore, there is potential for e-writing therapy to be used as a complementary tool alongside conventional psychological interventions to address mental wellbeing issues among university students. Authors.

References

Al-Kumaim, N. H., Mohammed, F., Gazem, N. A., Fazea, Y., Alhazmi, A. K., & Dakkak, O. (2021). Exploring the impact of transformation to fully online learning during COVID-19 on Malaysian university students’ academic life and performance. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies; 15(5). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJICTE.2021010102

Allen, S. F., Wetherell, M. A., & Smith, M. A. (2020). Online writing about positive life experiences reduces depression and perceived stress reactivity in socially inhibited individuals. Psychiatry Research, 284. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112697

Bäuerle, A., Graf, J., Jansen, C., Dörrie, N., Junne, F., Teufel, M., & Skoda, E. M. (2020). An e-mental health intervention to support burdened people in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: CoPE It. Journal of Public Health, 42(3), 647–648. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa058

Bechard, E., Evans, J., Cho, E., Lin, Y., Kozhumam, A., Jones, J., Grob, S., & Glass, O. (2021). Feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of an online expressive writing intervention for COVID-19 resilience. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 45, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101460

Cullen, W., Gulati, G., & Kelly, B. D. (2020). Mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 113(5), 311–312. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa110

Dhira, T. A., Rahman, M. A., Sarker, A. R., & Mehareen, J. (2021). Validity and reliability of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) among university students of Bangladesh. PloS One, 16 (12), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261590

Dinastuti, D. (2018). Expressive writing in Indonesian context. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi MANASA, 7(1), 1–15. https://ejournal.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/Manasa/article/view/144

Duan, H., Gong, M., Zhang, Q., Huang, X., & Wan, B. (2022). Research on sleep status, body mass index, anxiety and depression of college students during the post-pandemic era in Wuhan, China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 301, 189-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.015.

Faisal, R. A., Jobe, M. C., Ahmed, O., & Sharker, T. (2021). Mental health status, anxiety, and depression levels of Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), 1500–1515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00458-y

Hirai, M., Dolma, S., Vernon, L. L., & Clum, G. A. (2020). A longitudinal investigation of the efficacy of online expressive writing interventions for Hispanic students exposed to traumatic events: competing theories of action. Psychology and Health, 35(12), 1459–1476. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1758324

Jiang, R. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes and mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105494

Jamshaid, S., Bahadar, N., Jamshed, K., Rashid, M., Afzal, M. I., Tian, L., Umar, M., Feng, X., Khan, I., & Zong, M. (2023). Pre- and post-pandemic (COVID-19) mental health of international students: Data from a longitudinal study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 431-446. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S395035

Kamaludin, K., Chinna, K., Sundarasen, S., Khoshaim, H. B., Nurunnabi, M., Baloch, G. M., Sukayt, A., & Hossain, S. F. A. (2020). Coping with COVID-19 and movement control order (MCO): Experiences of university students in Malaysia. Heliyon, 6(11), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05339

Khan, A. H., Sultana, M. S., Hossain, S., Hasan, M. T., Ahmed, H. U., & Sikder, M. T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health & wellbeing among home-quarantined Bangladeshi students: A cross-sectional pilot study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.135

Lee, S. W., Kim, I., Yoo, J., Park, S., Jeong, B., & Cha, M. (2016). Insights from an expressive writing intervention on Facebook to help alleviate depressive symptoms. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 613–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.034

Marković, V. M., Bjekić, J., & Priebe, S. (2020). Effectiveness of expressive writing in the reduction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.587282

Metsäranta, K., Kurki, M., Valimaki, M., & Anttila, M. (2019). How do adolescents use electronic diaries? A mixed-methods study among adolescents with depressive symptoms. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.2196/11711

Mikocka-Walus, A., Olive, L., Skvarc, D., Beswick, L., Massuger, W., Raven, L., Emerson, C., & Evans, S. (2020). Expressive writing to combat distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in people with inflammatory bowel disease (WriteForIBD): A trial protocol. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110286

Mugerwa, S., & Holden, J. D. (2012). Writing therapy: A new tool for general practice? British Journal of General Practice, 62(605), 661–663. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X659457


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.