UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis that has significantly impacted peoples lives worldwide, particularly in terms of mental health and wellbeing. The implementation of frequent and restrictive movement control orders has resulted in prolonged online learning for university students. However, limited research has been conducted to test practical interventions aimed at alleviating the negative impact on the mental wellbeing of university students during the pandemic. This mixed-method research study aimed to investigate the usability of e-writing therapy as an intervention tool to improve the mental wellbeing of 40 university students in a public Malaysian higher education institution. A one-group pretest-posttest design was employed, and a mental wellbeing questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) was administered to the participants before and after the intervention. The results of paired-samples t-tests for each instrument indicated that there was no significant improvement in the students mental wellbeing after the four-week intervention period. However, qualitative data obtained from the students experiences with e-writing therapy revealed that it provided a flexible and personal safe space for emotional expression. It empowered them to address their mental health needs during the post-pandemic era, while minimising concerns about stigma, privacy and confidentiality, despite having certain challenges and concerns. Therefore, there is potential for e-writing therapy to be used as a complementary tool alongside conventional psychological interventions to address mental wellbeing issues among university students. Authors. |
References |
Al-Kumaim, N. H., Mohammed, F., Gazem, N. A., Fazea, Y., Alhazmi, A. K., & Dakkak, O. (2021). Exploring the impact of transformation to fully online learning during COVID-19 on Malaysian university students’ academic life and performance. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies; 15(5). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJICTE.2021010102 Allen, S. F., Wetherell, M. A., & Smith, M. A. (2020). Online writing about positive life experiences reduces depression and perceived stress reactivity in socially inhibited individuals. Psychiatry Research, 284. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112697 Bäuerle, A., Graf, J., Jansen, C., Dörrie, N., Junne, F., Teufel, M., & Skoda, E. M. (2020). An e-mental health intervention to support burdened people in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: CoPE It. Journal of Public Health, 42(3), 647–648. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa058 Bechard, E., Evans, J., Cho, E., Lin, Y., Kozhumam, A., Jones, J., Grob, S., & Glass, O. (2021). Feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of an online expressive writing intervention for COVID-19 resilience. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 45, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101460 Cullen, W., Gulati, G., & Kelly, B. D. (2020). Mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 113(5), 311–312. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa110 Dhira, T. A., Rahman, M. A., Sarker, A. R., & Mehareen, J. (2021). Validity and reliability of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) among university students of Bangladesh. PloS One, 16 (12), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261590 Dinastuti, D. (2018). Expressive writing in Indonesian context. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi MANASA, 7(1), 1–15. https://ejournal.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/Manasa/article/view/144 Duan, H., Gong, M., Zhang, Q., Huang, X., & Wan, B. (2022). Research on sleep status, body mass index, anxiety and depression of college students during the post-pandemic era in Wuhan, China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 301, 189-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.015. Faisal, R. A., Jobe, M. C., Ahmed, O., & Sharker, T. (2021). Mental health status, anxiety, and depression levels of Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), 1500–1515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00458-y Hirai, M., Dolma, S., Vernon, L. L., & Clum, G. A. (2020). A longitudinal investigation of the efficacy of online expressive writing interventions for Hispanic students exposed to traumatic events: competing theories of action. Psychology and Health, 35(12), 1459–1476. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1758324 Jiang, R. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes and mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105494 Jamshaid, S., Bahadar, N., Jamshed, K., Rashid, M., Afzal, M. I., Tian, L., Umar, M., Feng, X., Khan, I., & Zong, M. (2023). Pre- and post-pandemic (COVID-19) mental health of international students: Data from a longitudinal study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 431-446. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S395035 Kamaludin, K., Chinna, K., Sundarasen, S., Khoshaim, H. B., Nurunnabi, M., Baloch, G. M., Sukayt, A., & Hossain, S. F. A. (2020). Coping with COVID-19 and movement control order (MCO): Experiences of university students in Malaysia. Heliyon, 6(11), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05339 Khan, A. H., Sultana, M. S., Hossain, S., Hasan, M. T., Ahmed, H. U., & Sikder, M. T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health & wellbeing among home-quarantined Bangladeshi students: A cross-sectional pilot study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.135 Lee, S. W., Kim, I., Yoo, J., Park, S., Jeong, B., & Cha, M. (2016). Insights from an expressive writing intervention on Facebook to help alleviate depressive symptoms. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 613–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.034 Marković, V. M., Bjekić, J., & Priebe, S. (2020). Effectiveness of expressive writing in the reduction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.587282 Metsäranta, K., Kurki, M., Valimaki, M., & Anttila, M. (2019). How do adolescents use electronic diaries? A mixed-methods study among adolescents with depressive symptoms. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.2196/11711 Mikocka-Walus, A., Olive, L., Skvarc, D., Beswick, L., Massuger, W., Raven, L., Emerson, C., & Evans, S. (2020). Expressive writing to combat distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in people with inflammatory bowel disease (WriteForIBD): A trial protocol. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110286 Mugerwa, S., & Holden, J. D. (2012). Writing therapy: A new tool for general practice? British Journal of General Practice, 62(605), 661–663. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X659457 |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |