Post-activation potentiation: effect of recovery duration and gender on countermovement jump, agility, and linear speed in team-sport athletes

Asmadi Ishak

QR Code Link :
Type :	article
Subject :	G Geography (General)
ISSN :	2008-000X
Main Author :	Asmadi Ishak
Title :	Post-activation potentiation: effect of recovery duration and gender on countermovement jump, agility, and linear speed in team-sport athletes

Place of Production :	Tanjung Malim
Publisher :	Fakulti Sains Sukan Dan Kejurulatihan
Year of Publication :	2023
Notes :	Asian Journal of Sports Medicine
Corporate Name :	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
HTTP Link :	Click to view web link

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

Background: Studies assessing post-activation potentiation (PAP) responses comparing male and female athletes are conflicting. Objectives: This study investigated whether differences exist in the duration for optimal post-preload stimulus measures on performance in male and female team sport athletes. Methods: Twenty-four participants (12 males and 12 females) participated in the study. Two familiarization sessions were conducted with each participant. Then, three experimental conditions were implemented, incorporating a standardized warm-up, followed by back squats (conditioning exercises) and varying passive recovery times of 4 min (PAP4), 8 min (PAP8), or 12 min (PAP12). Following the recovery, players performed three physical performance measures related to team sports: A countermovement jump, a modified agility t-test, and a 20-m linear sprint. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: All performance measures were significantly greater in PAP12 than in PAP4 and PAP8 conditions in both males (1.50 to 2.95%) and females (1.09 to 5.79%) (P < 0.05). The PAP12 condition also had significantly lower values for HR (3.18 to 5.15 beats.min-1; P < 0.0005) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (0.63 to 1.02; P < 0.05) than PAP8 and PAP4. Males performed better on all the performance tests (19.33 to 26.34%) compared to their female counterparts (P < 0.0005). Conclusions: A pre-load stimulus consisting of one set of 5 repetitions of back squat at 85% one-repetition maximum can elicit a PAP response. A 12-min passive rest after the pre-load stimulus was most beneficial in improving physical performance measures in both male and female team-sport athletes. 2023, Author(s).

References

Sleivert GG, Backus RD, Wenger HA. Neuromuscular differences between volleyball players, middle distance runners and untrained controls. Int J Sports Med. 1995;16(6):390–8. [PubMed ID: 7591391]. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-973026.

Karcher C, Buchheit M. On-court demands of elite handball, with special reference to playing positions. Sports Med. 2014;44(6):797–814. [PubMed ID: 24682948]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0164-z.

Skazalski C, Whiteley R, Bahr R. High jump demands in professional volleyball-large variability exists between players and player positions. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018;28(11):2293–8. [PubMed ID:29956376]. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13255.

Racinais S, Cocking S, Periard JD. Sports and environmental temperature: From warming-up to heating-up. Temperature (Austin). 2017;4(3):227–57. [PubMed ID: 28944269]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC5605167]. https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2017.1356427.

MacIntosh BR, Rassier DE. What is fatigue? Can J Appl Physiol. 2002;27(1):42–55. [PubMed ID: 11880690]. https://doi.org/10.1139/h02-003.

Hodgson M, Docherty D, Robbins D. Post-activation potentiation: underlying physiology and implications for motor performance. Sports Med. 2005;35(7):585–95. [PubMed ID: 16026172]. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535070-00004.

Kilduff LP, Bevan HR, Kingsley MI, Owen NJ, Bennett MA, Bunce PJ, et al. Postactivation potentiation in professional rugby players: optimal recovery. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21(4):1134–8. [PubMed ID: 18076243].https://doi.org/10.1519/R-20996.1.

Matthews MJ, Matthews HP, Snook BEN. The Acute Effects of a Resistance Training Warmup on Sprint Performance. Res Sports Med. 2004;12(2):151–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620490460503.

Duthie GM, Young WB, Aitken DA. The acute effects of heavy loads on jump squat performance: an evaluation of the complex and contrast methodsof powerdevelopment. J Strength Cond Res. 2002;16(4):530–8. [PubMed ID: 12423181].

Boullosa D. Post-activation performance enhancement strategies in sport: a brief review for practitioners. Hum Mov. 2021;22(3):101–9. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2021.103280.

Blagrove RC, Howatson G, Hayes PR. Use of Loaded Conditioning Activities to Potentiate Middle- and Long-Distance Performance: A Narrative Review and Practical Applications. J Strength Cond Res. 2019;33(8):2288–97. [PubMed ID: 29384999]. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002456.

Bevan HR,OwenNJ, Cunningham DJ, Kingsley MI, Kilduff LP. Complex training in professional rugby players: influence of recovery time on upper-body power output. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(6):1780–5. [PubMed ID: 19675483]. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3f269.

Byrne PJ, Moody JA, Cooper SM, Callanan D, Kinsella S. Potentiating Response to Drop-Jump Protocols on Sprint Acceleration: Drop-Jump Volume and Intrarepetition Recovery Duration. J Strength Cond Res. 2020;34(3):717–27. [PubMed ID: 29979275]. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002720.

Guerra Jr MA, Caldas LC, Souza HL, Tallis J, Duncan MJ, Guimaraes-Ferreira L. The Effects of Physical Fitness on Postactivation Potentiation in Professional Soccer Athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2022;36(6):1643–7. [PubMed ID: 32639381]. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003711.

Mola JN, Bruce-Low SS, Burnet SJ. Optimal recovery time for postactivation potentiation in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2014;28(6):1529–37. [PubMed ID: 24343325]. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000313.

Ishak A, Wong FY, Seurot A, Cocking S, Pullinger SA. The influence of recovery period following a pre-load stimulus on physical performance measures in handball players. PLoS One. 2022;17(3):e0249969. [PubMed ID: 35358204]. [PubMed Central ID: PMC8970503]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249969.

Ah Sue R, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. Optimal Timing for Post-Activation Potentiation in Women Collegiate Volleyball Players. Sports (Basel). 2016;4(2):27. [PubMed ID: 29910275]. [PubMed Central ID: PMC5968915]. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports4020027.

Tsolakis C, Bogdanis GC, Nikolaou A, Zacharogiannis E. Influence of type of muscle contraction and gender on postactivation potentiation of upper and lower limb explosive performance in elite fencers. J Sports Sci Med. 2011;10(3):577–83. [PubMed ID: 24150636]. [PubMed Central ID: PMC3737817].

Rixon KP, Lamont HS, Bemben MG. Influence of type of muscle contraction, gender, and lifting experience on postactivation potentiation performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21(2):500–5. [PubMed ID: 17530946]. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-18855.1.

Baechle TR, Earle RW; National Strength & Conditioning Association US. Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2008.

Pullinger S, Robertson CM, Oakley AJ, Hobbs R, Hughes M, Burniston JG, et al. Effects of an active warm-up on variation in bench press and back squat (upper and lower body measures). Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(3):392–406. [PubMed ID: 30585502]. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1552596.

Haff GG, Triplett NT; National Strength & Conditioning Association. Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2016.

This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page