UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : |
Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(2): 1-8, 2016 - The objective of this study was to determine the number of familiarisation sessions required for isokinetic knee extension and flexion in female varsity athletes. Thirty right footed dominance female varsity athletes (n=30; age: 21.73 ±0.22 years, body mass index (BMI): 22.58 ±0.52 kg/m2), with no history of knee injuries were recruited. The design started with either with the dominant or non-dominant limb, followed by the opposite limb. Four sets of isokinetic maximal voluntary contraction at 60 o/s were performed for each limb. The results showed that for knee extension regardless of which limb starts first is 2 sessions, however for knee flexion, 3 sessions is required for dominant limb while 2 for non-dominant. In addition, the presence of cross-education effect is observed for knee flexion from non-dominant to dominant limb, where the number of session was reduced from three to two. In conclusion, we propose that two sessions of familiarisation are required for female varsity athletes and should begin with the non-dominant limb followed by dominant limb. |
References |
1. Calder, K. M., & Gabriel, D. A. (2007). Adaptations during familiarization to resistive exercise. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 17(3), 328-335. 2. Carolan, B., & Cafarelli, E. (1992). Adaptations in coactivation after isometric resistance training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 73(3), 911-917. 3. Carroll, T. J., Selvanayagam, V. S., Riek, S., & Semmler, J. (2011). Neural adaptations to strength training: moving beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation and reflex studies. Acta physiologica, 202(2), 119-140. 4. Carroll, T. J., Herbert, R. D., Munn, J., Lee, M., & Gandevia, S. C. (2006). Contralateral effects of unilateral strength training: evidence and possible mechanisms. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(5), 1514-1522. 5. Coren, S. (1993). The lateral preference inventory for measurement of handedness, footedness, eyedness, and earedness: Norms for young adults. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31(1), 1-3. 6. Daneshjoo, A., Rahnama, N., Mokhtar, A. H., & Yusof, A. (2013). Bilateral and unilateral asymmetries of isokinetic strength and flexibility in male young professional soccer players. Journal of human kinetics, 36(1), 45-53. 7. do Nascimento, M. A., Januário, R. S. B., Gerage, A. M., Mayhew, J. L., Pina, F. L. C., & Cyrino, E. S. (2013). Familiarization and reliability of one repetition maximum strength testing in older women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(6), 1636-1642. 8. Farthing, J. P. (2009). Cross-education of strength depends on limb dominance: implications for theory and application. Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 37(4), 179-187. 9. Goble, D.J. & Brown, S.H. (2008) Upper limb asymmetries in the matching of proprioceptive versus visual targets. Journal of Neurophysiology, 99, 3063- 3074. 10. Green, L. A., Parro, J. J., & Gabriel, D. A. (2013). Quantifying the familiarization period for maximal resistive exercise. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 39(3), 275-281. 11. Johnson, M. A., Polgar, J., Weightman, D., & Appleton, D. (1973). Data on the distribution of fibre types in thirty-six human muscles: an autopsy study. Journal of the neurological sciences, 18(1), 111-129. 12. Kamen, G., & Knight, C. A. (2004). Training-related adaptations in motor unit discharge rate in young and older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 59(12), 1334-1338. 13. Knight, C., & Kamen, G. (2001). Adaptations in muscular activation of the knee extensor muscles with strength training in young and older adults. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 11(6), 405-412. 14. Manca, A., Pisanu, F., Ortu, E., De Natale, E. R., Ginatempo, F., Dragone, D., . . . Deriu, F. (2015). A comprehensive assessment of the cross-training effect in ankle dorsiflexors of healthy subjects: A randomized controlled study. Gait & posture. 15. Ploutz-Snyder, L. L., & Giamis, E. (2001). Orientation and familiarization to 1RM strength testing in old and young women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 15(4), 519-523. 16. Ritti-Dias, R. M., Cyrino, E. S., Salvador, E. P., Caldeira, L. F. S., Nakamura, F. Y., Papst, R. R., . . . Gurjão, A. L. D. (2005). Influence of familiarization process on muscular strength assessment in 1-RM tests. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 11(1), 34-38. 17. Ritti-Dias, R. M., Avelar, A., Salvador, E. P., & Cyrino, E. S. (2011). Influence of previous experience on resistance training on reliability of one-repetition maximum test. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5), 1418-1422. 18. Selvanayagam, V. S., Riek, S., & Carroll, T. J. (2011). Early neural responses to strength training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(2), 367-375. 19. Semmler, J. G. (2002). Motor unit synchronization and neuromuscular performance. Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 30(1), 8-14. 20. Soares-Caldeira, L. F., Ritti-Dias, R. M., Okuno, N. M., Cyrino, E. S., Gurjão, A. L. D., & Ploutz-Snyder, L. L. (2009). Familiarization indexes in sessions of 1-RM tests in adult women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(7), 2039-2045. |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |