UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina dan menghasilkan satu instrumen bagi menilai
ciri-ciri kepimpinan guru dan mengesahkan instrumen yang dibina. Model pembinaan
instrumen Miller, Lovler, dan McIntire (2013) diadaptasi sebagai landasan panduan
dalam proses membina instrumen dengan membahagikan kepada tiga fasa utama.
Fasa yang pertama melibatkan proses pembentukan konstruk dan pembinaan item.
Fasa ini menggunakan analisis tinjauan literatur sistematik yang melibatkan elemen
komitmen guru, kompetensi guru dan kecerdasan emosi berkaitan kepimpinan guru
dengan bersandarkan Teori Komitmen Guru Firestone dan Rosenblum (1988), Teori
Kompetensi Spencer dan Spencer (1993) dan Teori Kecerdasan Emosi Goleman
(1995). Manakala Teori Kepimpinan Guru Katzenmeyer dan Moller (2009) dan
Model Pembangunan Profesionalisme Berterusan dijadikan sebagai garis panduan
dalam perincian penyataan prestasi yang patut dicapai oleh guru. Sebanyak 110 item
dibina berdasarkan proses konseptualisasi, operasionalisasi dan pemetaan Jadual
Penentuan Item. Penentuan nilai minimum I-CVI ditetapkan melebihi ≥ 0.80 bagi
instrumen yang baharu dibina. Pada fasa ini, satu item dengan nilai I-CVI 0.50
digugurkan. Fasa kedua ialah fasa menjalankan kajian rintis. Pra Rintis atau
Preliminary Item Tryout dilakukan dahulu kepada 10 orang guru dengan 109 item.
Manakala kajian rintis melibatkan 50 orang guru dengan instrumen yang juga
mempunyai 109 item. Persampelan pada fasa ini dipilih secara persampelan rawak
mudah. Pemeriksaan kefungsian item bagi instrumen dalam dapatan kajian rintis
menggunakan Model Rasch mengekalkan 92 item justeru 17 item digugurkan. Fasa
ketiga ialah fasa kajian sebenar dan pengesahan yang melibatkan seramai 413 orang
guru daripada 46 buah sekolah rendah dan menengah daerah Petaling Perdana di
negeri Selangor dengan bilangan item yang diuji ialah 92 item menggunakan skala
likert 5 mata. Pada fasa ini, Model Rasch sekali lagi digunakan untuk pemeriksaan
kefungsian item. Analisis mengekalkan 70 item dan 22 item digugurkan.
Kesimpulannya, kajian ini telah berjaya menghasilkan satu instrumen yang
mempunyai kebolehpercayaan dan kesahan yang tinggi dalam menilai ciri-ciri
kepimpinan guru. Disamping itu, kajian ini membuktikan konstruk yang bersifat
unidimensi ini disahkan sebagai faktor bagi mengukur ciri-ciri kepimpinan guru.
Implikasinya, Instrumen Penilaian Kepimpinan Guru Malaysia (IPKGM) wajar
dijadikan alat pengukuran bagi menilai ciri-ciri kepimpinan guru dan seterusnya dapat
melahirkan guru yang berkualiti selari dengan Standard Guru Malaysia yang menjadi
garis panduan kompetensi profesional seorang guru bagi mencapai matlamat Pelan
Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. |
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