Ahmad  Hashim  (2014).  Panduan  Analisis  Data  Secara  Efisien  :  Panduan  Lengkap

Berajah Untuk Menganalisis Data (1st ed.).

 

Armstrong, L. E., Costill, D. L., & Fink, W. J. (1985). Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration 

on competitive running performance. Medicine & Science in Sports Exercise 17, 456–461.

 

Armstrong, L. E., Costill, D. L. & Fink, W. J. (1985). Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on 

competitive running performance. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise, 17, 456-461.

 

Armstrong, L. E., Ganio, M. S., Casa, D. J., Lee, E. C., McDermott, B. P., Klau, J. F., Jimenez, L. 

Bellego, L. L., Chevillotte, E., & Lieberman, H. R. (2011). Mild Dehydration Affects Mood In 

Healthy Young Women. Journal of Nutrition, 142(2), 382-388.

 

Armstrong, L. E. (2007). Assessing hydration status: the elusive gold standard attention in male 

basketball players. Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39, 976-983.

 

Baker, L. B., Conroy, D. E., & Kenney, W. L. (2007). Dehydration impairs vigilance- related 

attention in male basketball players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39, 976-983.

 

Baker, L. B., Dougherty, K. A., Chow, M., & Kenny, W. L. (2007b). Progressive dehydration causes a 

progressive decline in basketball skill performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and  Exercise, 

39, 1114-1123.

 

Baker, M. B., Conray, D. E., & Kenney, W. L. (2007). Dehydration Impairs Vigilance- related 

Attention in Male Basketball Players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 39 : 976-983.

 

Bartock, C., Schoeller, D. A., Sullivan, J. C., Clark, R. R., & Landry, G. L. (2004).

Hydration  testing  in  collegiate  wrestlers  undergoing  hypertonic  dehydration.

Medicine and Science in Sports and  Exercise, 36, 510-517.

 

Bond, A., dan Lader, M. (1974). The Use of Analogue Scale in Rating Subjective Feelings. British 

Journal of Medical Psychology,47, 211-218.

 

Brouns, F., Bjorck, I., Frayn, K., Gibbs, A. L., Lang, V., Slama, G., & Wolever, T. M. (2005). 

Glycaemic Index Methodology. Nutrition Research Review, 18(1), 145-71.

 

Caldwell, J. E., Ahonen, E., & Nousiainen, U. (1984). Differential effects of sauna-, diuretic- and 

exercise-induced hypohydration. Journal of Applied Physiology. 57, 1018-23.

 

Casa, D. J., Armstrong, L. E., Hilman, S. K., Montain, S. J., Reiff, R. V., Rich, B. S.,

Roberts, W. O., & Stonee, J. A. (2000). National Athletic Trainers Association

 

Position Statement : Fluid Replacement for Athletes. Journal of Athletic Training,

35, 212-224.

 

Casa, D. J., Armstrong, L. E., Hillman, S. K., Montain, S. J., Reiff, R. V., Rich, B. S. E.,

Roberts, W. O., & Stone, J. A. (2000). National athletic trainer?s association position statement: 

fluid replacement for athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 35, 212-224.

 

Cian, C., Barraud, P. A., Melin, B., & Raphel, C. (2001). Effects of fluid ingestion on cognitive 

function after heat stress or exercise-induced dehydration. International Journal of 

Psychophysiology, 42, 243–251.

 

Cohen, J. (1969). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. New York :

Academic Press.

 

Cohen, S. (1983): After effects of stress on human performance during a heat acclimatization 

regimen. Aviat, Space and Environmental Medicine, 54, 709–713.

 

Coyle, E. F. (2004). Fluid and Fuel Intake During Exercise. Journal of Sport Sciences, 22, 39-55.

 

Cowdry, R., W., Gardner, D., L,, O'Leary, K., M., Leibenluft, E., Rubinow, D., R. (1991). Mood 

variability: a study of four groups. American Journa of Psychiatry. 148, 1505–1511.

 

D?Anci, K. E., Constant, F., & Rosenberg, I. H. 2006. Hydration and Cognitive Function in Childrem. 

Nutrition Reviews, 64(10), 457-464.

 

D?Anci, K. E., Vibhakar, A., Kanter, J. H., Mahoney, C. R., & Taylor, H. A. (2009).

Voluntary  dehydration  and  cognitive  performance  in  trained  college  athletes.

Perceptual and Motor Skills, 109, 251–269.

 

Davis, J. M., & Bailey, S. P. (1997). Possible mechanisms of central nervous system fatigue during 

exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29, 45–57.

 

Dougherty, K. A., Baker, L. B., Chow, M., & Kenny, L.W. (2006). Two percent dehydration impairs and 

six percent carbohydrate drink improves boys basketball skills. Medicine and Science in Sports and 

Exercise, 38, 1650-1658.

 

Edmonds, C. J., Crombie, R. & Gardner, M. R. (2013). Subjective Thirst Moderates Changes in Speed 

of Responding Associated with Water Consumption. Frontiers In Human Neuroscience, 7, 1-8.

 

Ekblom, B., Greenleaf, C. J., Greenleaf, J. E., & Hermansen, L. (1970). Temperature regulation 

during exercise dehydration in man. Journal of Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 79, 475–483.

 

Elizabeth, Q. (2008). Consensus Statement of The 1st International Exercise-Associated Hypnotremia 

Consensus Development Conference, Cape Town, South Africa. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 

15(4), 204-213.

 

Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of Noise Letters Upon The Identification of a 

Target Letter in a Nonsearch Tast. Perception and Psychophysics. 16(1), 143-

149.

 

Fong, A. K., & Kretsch, M. J. (1993). Changes in dietary intake, urinary nitrogen, and

urinary volume across the menstrual cycle. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57, 43–46.

 

Ganio, M. S., Armstrong, L. E., Casa, D. J., Lee, E. C., McDermott, B. P., Klau, J. F., Jimenez, 

L., Le Bellego, L., Chevillotte, E., & Lieberman, H. R. (2011). Mild dehydration impairs cognitive 

performance and mood of men. British Journal Of Nutrition, 106, 1535–1543.

 

Hoffman, J. R., & Maresh, C. M. (2011). Nutrition and hydration issues for combat sport athletes. 

Strength and conditioning Journal, 33(6), 10-17.

 

Holtzhausen, L. M., Noakes, T. D., Kroning, B., De Klerk, M., Roberts, M., & Emsley,

R.  (1994).  Clinical  and  biochemical  characteristics  of  collapsed  ultramarathon runners. 

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 26, 1095–1101.

 

Jones, L. C., Cleary, M. A., Lopez, R. M., Zuri, R. E., & Lopez, R. (2008). Active dehydration 

impairs upper and lower body anaerobic muscular power. Journal of Strength and Conditioning 

Research, 22, 455-463.

 

Kalman, S. D., Feldman, S., Krieger, D. R., & Bloomer, R. J. (2012). Comparison of Cocunut Water 

and a Carbohydrate-electrolyte Sport Drink on Measures of Hydration and Physical Performance in 

Exercise-trained Men. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9, 1

 

Kenefick, R. W., & Sawka, M. N. (2007). Hydration in the work site. Journal Of The American College 

of Nutrition, 26, 597–603.

 

Kingsley, M., Penas-Ruiz, C., Terry, C., & Russel, M. (2004). Effect of Carbohydrate- Hydration 

Strategies on Glucose Metabolisme, Sprint Performance and Hydration During A Soccer Match 

Stimulation In Recreational Player. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(2), 239.

 

Kirk-Sanchez, N. J., & McGough, E. L. (2013). Physical Exercise and Cognitive Performance in The 

Elderly: Current Perspectives. Review: Clinical Interventions in Aging, 9, 51-62.

 

Kleiner, S. M. (1999). Water: an essential but overlooked nutrient. Journal Of The American 

Dietatic Association, 99, 200-206.

 

Lentner, C. (1981). Geigy Scientific Tables. 8th edition. Volume 1. Units of Measurement. Body 

Fluids. Composition of the Body. Nutrition, 298.

 

Lieberman, H. R. (2007). Hydration and cognition :A Critical Review And Recommendations for Future 

Research. Journal of American College of Nutrition. 26, 555-561.

 

Lieberman, H. R., Tharion, W. J., Shukitt-Hale, B., Speckman, K. L., & Tulley, R. (2002). Effect of 

Caffeine, Sleep loss, and Stress on Cognitive Performance During

U.S. Navy SEAL Training. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 164, 250-261.

 

Lindseth, P. D., Lindseth, G. N., Petros, T. V., Jensen, W. C., & Caspers, J. (2013).

Effects of Hydration on Cognitive Function of Pilots. Military Medicine. 178(7), 792-799.

 

Logan-Sprenger, H. M.,Heigenhauser, G. J., Killian, K. J., & Spriet, L. L. (2012). Effects of 

Dehydration During Cycling on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Females. Medicine and Science in Sports 

and Exercise, 44(10), 1949-1957.

 

Logan-Sprenger, H. M., & Spriet, L., L. (2013). The Acute Effects of Fluid Intake on Urine Specific 

Gravity and Fluid Retention in a Mildly Dehydrated State. Journal of Strength And Conditioning 

Research, 27(4), 1002-1008.

 

Lopez, R. M., Casa, D. J., Jensen, K. A., DrMartini, J. K., Pagnotta, K. D., Ruiz, M. W., Stearns, 

R. L., Armtrong, L. E., & Maresh, C. M. (2011). Examining the influence of hydration status on 

physiological responses and running speed during trail running in the heat with controlled exercise 

intensity. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 2944–2954.

 

Masento, N. A., Golightly, M., Field, D. T., Butler, L. T., & Reekum, C. M. (2014).

Effects of Hydration Status on Cognitive Performance and Mood. British Journal of Nutriton, 

111(10), 1841-1852.

 

Maughan, R. J. (2003). Impact of Mid Dehydration on Wellness and on Exercise Performance. European 

Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 57(2), 19-23.

 

Maughan, R. J. & Leiper, J. B. (1995). Sodium Intake and Post-Exercise Rehydration in Man. European 

Journal of Applied Physiology, 71, 311-319.

 

Maughan, R. J., & Shirreffs, S. M. (1998). Fluid and electrolytes loss and replacement in exercise. 

In: Oxford Textbook of Sports Medicine. Harries M, Williams C.

 

McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. L., & Katch, V. L. (5th Ed.). (2001). Exercise Physiology: Energy, 

Nutrition and Human Performance. New York, NY: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

 

McNair, D. M., Lorr, M. & Droppelma, L. F. (1971).Manual for The Profile of Mood States. San Diego, 

CA : Educational and Industrial Testing Service.

 

Mentes, J., Culp, K., Wakefield, B., Gaspar, P., Rapp, C. G., Mobily, P., & Tripp-Reimer,

T. (1998). Dehydration as a precipitating factor in the development of acute confusion in the frail 

elderly. In Hydration and Aging. ed. MJ Arnaud, R Baumgartner, JE Morley, I Rosenberg & S 

Toshikazu, 83–100. New York: Springer.

 

Mischel, W. (1990). Personality Dispositions Revisited and Revised : A View After Three Decades. 

Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research. 111-134. New York: Guilford.

 

Mohd Majid Konting. (2009). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

 

Mohd  Najib  Abd.  Ghafar.  (1999).  Penyelidikan  Pendidikan.  Skudai,  Johor.  Penerbit

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

 

Nielsen,   B.   (1974).   Effects   of   changes   in   plasma   volume   and   osmolarity   on

thermoregulation during exercise. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 90, 725–730.

 

Nielsen, B., Sjogaard, G., & Bonde-Petersen, F. (1984). Cardiovascular, hormonal and body fluid 

changes during prolonged exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 53,63-70.

 

Noakes, T., D., Adams, B., A., Myburgh, K., H., Greeff, C., Lotz, T., and Nathan, M. (1988).The 

danger of inadequate water intake during prolonged exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 57: 210–219.

 

O?Hara, J. P., Jones, B. L., Tsakirides, C., Carrol, S., Cooke, C. B., & King, R. F. G. J. (2010). 

Hydration status of rugby players during home match play throughout the 2008 super league season. 

Applied Physiology and Nutrition Metabolism, 35, 790- 796.

 

Ozolina, L., Pontaga, I., dan Kisis, I. (2014). Amateur and Professional Ice Hockey Player 

Hydration Status and Urine Specific Gravity Values Before And After Training In Winter Conditions. 

LASE Journal of Sport Science. 5(2).

 

Patel, A. V., Mihalik, J. P., Notebaert, A. J., Guskiewicz, K. M., Prentice, W. E. (2007).

Neuropsychological    performance,    postural    stability,    and    symptoms    after 

dehydration. Journal of Athletic Training, 42, 66–75.

 

Penner, L., A., Shiffman, S., Paty, J., A., dan Fritzsche, B., A. (1994). Individual differences in 

Intraperson Variability in Mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66(4), 712.

 

Phillips, P. A., Rolls, B. J., Ledingham, J. G. G., Forsling, M. L., Morton, J. J., Crowe,

M. B., & Wollner, L. (1984). Reduced thirst after water deprivation in healthy elderly men. The New 

England Journal of Medicine, 311, 753–759.

 

Popkin, B. M., D?Anci, K. E., & Rosenberg, I. H. (2010). Water, hydration and health.

Nutrition Reviews, 68, 439-458.

 

Pross, N., Demazieres, A., Girard, N., Barnouin, R., Santoro, F., Chevillotte, E., Klein, A., & Le 

Bellego, L. (2012). Influence of Progressive Fluid Restriction on Mood and Physiological Markers of 

Dehydration in Women. British Journal of Nutrition, 109(2), 313-334.

 

Pross, N., Demazieres, A., Girard, N., Barnouin, R., Metzger, D., Klein, A., Perrier, E., & 

Guelinckx, I. (2014). Effects of Changes in Water Intake on Mood of High and Loz Drinkers. PLOS 

ONE, 9(4), http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094754 .

 

Rabindarjeet Singh (2003). Fluid Balance and Exercise Performance. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 

9(1).

 

Ritz, P., Berrut, G. (2005). The importance of good hydration for day-to-day health.

Nutrition Reviews, 63, S6–S13.

 

Sawka, M. N., and Young, A. J. 2005. Physiological Systems and Their Responses to Conditions of 

Heat and Cold. In: American College of Sports Medicine Advanced

Exercise Physiology. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 535-563.

 

Sawka, M. N., Burke, L. M., Eicher, E. R., Maughan, R. J., Montain, S. J., & Stachenfeld,

N. S. (2007). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand, Exercise and Fluid Replacement. 

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39, 377-390.

 

Sawka, M. N., Montain, S. J., & Latzka, W. A. (1996). Body fluid balance during exercise-heat 

exposure. In:Body fluid balance: exercise and sport. Buskrik ER, Puhl SM (eds). Boca Raton, FL; CRC 

Press. 143-161.

 

Sawka, M. N. (1992). Physiological consequences of hypohydration: exercise performance and 

thermoregulation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 24, 657-670.

 

Sharma, V. M., Sridharan, K. Pichan, G. Panwar, M. R. (1986). Influence of heat-stress induced 

dehydration on mental functions. Ergonomics Research Society, 29, 791– 799.

 

Shirreffs, S. M., Merson, S. J., Fraser, S. M., Archer, D. T. (2004). The effects of fluid 

restriction on hydration status and subjective feelings in man. British Journal of Nutrition, 91, 

951–958.

 

Shirreffs, S. M. (2003). Markers of hydration status. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57, 

S6-S9.

 

Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaludin Ahmad (2005). Pembinaan Modul Bagaimana Membina Modul Latihan Dan Modul 

Akademik. Penerbit UPM: Serdang, Selangor.

 

Smith, M. F., Newell, A. J., & Baker, M. R. (2011). Effect of acute mild dehydration on 

cognitive-motor performance in golf. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(11), 

3075-3080.

 

Stipannuk, M.H. (2nd Ed.). (2006). Biochemical, Physiological, Molecular Aspects of Human 

Nutrition. United States of America.

 

Szinnai, G., Schachinger, H., Arnoud, M. J., Linder, L. & Keller, U. (2005). Effect of Water 

Deprivation on Cognitive-Motor Performance in Healthy Men and Women. American journal of 

physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology. 289, 275-280.

 

Thorton, S. N. (2010). Thirst and hydration : Physiology and consequences of dysfunction. 

Physiology Behavior, 100, 15-21.

 

Tomporowski, P. D., Beasman, K., Ganio, M. S., Curaton, K. (2007). Effects of Dehydration and Fluid 

Ingestion on Cognition. International Journal Sport Medicine, 28 : 29-36.

 

Volpe, S. L., Poule, K. A., & Bland, E. G. (2009). Estimation of prepractice hydration status of 

national collegiate athletic association division I athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 44, 

624-629.

 

Weinberg, A., D., Minaker, K., L., & the Council of Scientific Affairs AMA.   (1995).

Dehydration. Journal of the American Medical Association, 274: 1552–1556.

 

 

Wewers, M., E. & Lowe, N., K. (1990). A critical review of visual analogue scales in the

measurement of clinical phenomena. Research in Nursing and Health, 13, 227-236.