UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Objektif kajian ialah untuk meneroka strategi resosialisasi juvana, meneroka aspek
perubahan diri juvana, mengenalpasti reaksi juvana terhadap proses resosialisasi yang
dilaluinya, mengenalpasti masalah semasa resosialisasi dan mencadangkan satu kerangka baharu
resosialisasi juvana. Teori yang digunakan adalah ‘total institution’ (TI) oleh Goffman
(1961). Pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kes telah digunakan. Pemilihan responden
adalah melalui pensampelan bertujuan melibatkan 23 orang juvana (12 lelaki, 11 perempuan),
berumur linkungan 10 hingga 18 tahun, 16 orang tenaga pengajar, empat orang pentadbir,
empat orang pembantu kebajikan masyarakat dan tiga orang kaunselor dari tiga buah institusi
pemulihan JKM. Pengumpulan data kajian menggunakan kaedah temu bual bersama 50
responden, pemerhatian di (kelas pembelajaran, aktiviti harian, program institusi, kawasan
institusi) selama 22 minggu dan analisis dokumen. Analisis data adalah secara tematik.
Dapatan menunjukkan strategi untuk resosialisasi juvana ialah prosedur kemasukan, pengenalan
kepada sistem institusi, pelaksanaan peraturan, kawalan berterusan, sistem ganjaran hukuman,
rutin harian, perkhidmatan kaunseling, kelas (akademik, kemahiran, agama), aktiviti
(kesenian, kesukanan), penglibatan juvana dengan masyarakat, hubungan baik kakitangan dengan
juvana, penglibatan keluarga juvana dan kerjasama dengan pihak luar. Perubahan diri
juvana adalah identiti positif, tingkah laku, penguasaan kemahiran dan pengetahuan
vokasional, akademik, agama, kesenian serta kesukanan. Terdapat amalan adaptasi dan
penyesuaian sekunder telah diamalkan oleh juvana sebagai reaksi kepada proses
resosialisasi yang dilaluinya. Antara masalah semasa resosialisasi ialah berkaitan juvana (tingkah
laku, pembelajaran, emosi), institusi (kekurangan kakitangan, kemudahan, kekurangan
kewangan), keluarga (sosioekonomi, sikap tidak bertanggungjawab) dan persepsi negatif
masyarakat. Kesimpulannya resosialisasi merupakan proses kompleks kerana memerlukan komitmen
semua pihak (juvana, institusi pemulihan, keluarga juvana, anggota masyarakat) dan masa
panjang. Implikasinya, kajian mencadangkan satu kerangka baharu resosialisasi juvana
dan kerangka ini dicadangkan diuji keberkesanan
dan diperluaskan penggunaannya di institusi pemulihan lain.
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