UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This research aimed to synthesis intercalated nanocomposites of paddy pesticides for
controlled release formulation (CRF), namely zinc/aluminium–layered double
hydroxide–quinclorac (Zn/Al–LDH–QC), zinc hydroxide nitrate–sodium
dodecylsulphate–bispyribac (ZHN–SDS–BP) and zinc hydroxide nitrate–sodium
dodecylsulphate–imidacloprid (ZHN–SDS–IC) using coprecipitation method. Surface
modification of the nanocomposites, were then performed using carboxymethyl
cellulose (CMC) and chitosan coatings. The physicochemical properties, CRF and
kinetic behaviour were monitored using powder X–ray diffraction (PXRD),
thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental
analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), gas sorption analysis
and ultraviolet–visible spectrometer. The appearance of intercalation peaks at lower 2θ
angle in the PXRD pattern, 15.8–16.7 ? (Zn/Al–LDH–QC), 28.2–28.6 ? (ZHN–SDS–
BP) and 32.0–32.2 ? (ZHN–SDS–IC) confirmed the intercalation of pesticides in the
nanocomposite, which also supported by FTIR and elemental analysis. All coated
nanocomposites showed better performance in releasing pesticides, with prolong
release time ranging from 2465–6083 min, compared to 1478–4117 min for the
uncoated nanocomposites. Releasing of quinclorac and imidacloprid were governed by
pseudo second order kinetic model, whereby the bispyribac was governed by pseudo
second order and parabolic diffusion kinetic models. In conclusion, the nanocomposites
of paddy pesticides for CRF were successfully synthesised. The CMC and chitosan
coatings obviously enhance the release behaviour of the pesticides from the
nanocomposites. These synthesised nanocomposites are hopefully beneficial in
overcoming the excessive usage of pesticide in paddy cultivation. |
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