UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The aims of this study were to analyse the essential oils, phytochemistry and
cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity of selected species of the genus Polyalthia (P.
stenopetalla, P. sumatrana, P. cauliflora and P. rumphii), Xylopia (X. magna, X.
ferruginea and X. frutescens) and Goniothalamus (G. macrophyllus and G.
malayanus) from Annonaceae family. The essential oils were obtained via
hydrodistillation technique and their chemical compositions were determined by gas chromatography
(GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phytochemicals were
obtained using chromatography techniques and their structures were confirmed by
spectroscopic data and comparison with literatures. The bioactivity of the essential oils and
extracts was investigated using cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory activity. The study showed the
essential oils of P. sumatrana, P. stenopetalla, P. cauliflora and P. rumphii were made up
of bicyclogermacrene (18.8%), α-cadinol (13.0%), δ-elemene (38.1%) and germacrene D
(33.3%), respectively. The major components of essential oil from X. frutescens
was bicyclogermacrene (22.8%), whereas X. magna gave germacrene D (35.9%) and X.
ferruginea was dominated by bicyclogermacrene (23.6%). As for G. malayanus and
G. macrophyllus, the essential oils consisted mainly of bicyclogermacrene (43.9%) and
germacrene D (25.1%), respectively. The dichloromethane and methanol leaf extracts of
P. rumphii yielded seven phytochemicals identified as 5,7- dimethoxyflavone,
4?,5,7-trimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone, 4?- hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone,
β-sitosterol, lupeol and taraxerol. The essential oil of
G. macrophyllus and methanolic extracts of X. magna and X. frutescens displayed the best results in
COX-2 inhibitory activity with percentage of 18.6%, 13.8% and 21.9%, respectively. In conclusion,
the composition of the essential oils from nine species of Annonaceae family have shown that
sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as their major components, meanwhile phytochemical studies had
yielded flavonoids and terpenes compounds. The implication of this study demonstrate the
essential oils and extracts
of the genus Xylopia and Goniothalamus can be useful for rheumatism treatment.
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