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UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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| Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| The aim of this research paper is to deal with the kizhaars; the factors determining their social status like the relationship with velir and venthar, their occupation, economic condition, dwelling place, valour, charity and reputation. U.Ve.Saminathaiyar has comented kizhar as velaalar and velir as the landlords. But categorizing pidavoor kizhan mahan perunjaaththan as a landlord is questionable. Kaa.Govinthan assigning the status for those who belong to the four varnas and the aayar is yet another problem. Mu.Rahavaiyangaar stating Konkaanak kizhan as a vel needs clarification. All these problems are solved in this article. A socialistic approach is followed. The study reveals that they were the leaders of the farmers who cultivated paddy for the velirs. Their traditional farming included crops of the dry lands. They accepted the headship of either velir or venthar and took part in the wars for them. They excelled the velir in charity though they were economically poorer than them. Their dwelling place was simple. The conclusion is that the early Tamil society includes both the people of the soil and the people of the four varnas. Hymns sung by the thinaimaanthar about the same; who lived in the other lands are to be studied with special importance to derive the civilization of the early Tamils.
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| References |
aingurunooru, (2009)- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint Akanaanooru- kalirriyaanai nirai (2009)- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint akanaanooru- manimidai pavalam, (2007) Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint Auvaiyaar- moothurai http://www.edubilla.com/tamil/moothurai/ Govinthan, kaa., (1954)- kizharp peyar perror- kazhaka veliyeedu- 684 saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition Kurunthokai (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 783 Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Narrinai, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 614, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint Paththuppaattu (2007) part- i- kazhaka veliyeedu- 856, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Paththuppaattu- part ii, (2008) Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. pathirruppaththu (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 523, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint puranaanooru- U.Ve.Saminathaiyar (publisher) (1935)- iii edition- Law journal press, Chennai. puranaanooru- part- i, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 438- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint puranaanooru- part- ii, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 598, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint Ragavaiyangar,Mu., (1913) velir varalaaru- mathuraith thamizhch changam- Chenthamizh pirasuram- 33
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