UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The aim of this study was to investigate the Clerodendrum interspecific variations
toward morphological and anatomical characters in order to determine their taxonomic
significance. Both anatomical and morphological characters of taxonomic significance
were then used to construct dichotomous key for species of the genus. The distribution
of the genus in designated locations were also recorded and mapped. A total number of
16 Clerodendrum species and Tectona grandis as an out-group species were collected
from several reserved forest in Peninsular Malaysia. The herbarium voucher specimens
were carefully examined and the characters were recorded. Anatomical slide of leaf
transverse sections was prepared using modification of standard microtechnique
method. Observed morphological and anatomical data were numerically analyse using
MultiVariate Statistical Package (MVSP) and Phylogeny Analysis Using Parsimony
(PAUP). Result shows morphological character are of taxonomic significance at genus
level. Leaf shape, inter 2nd vein, leaf venation, petiole length and petiole hair proved to
be of diagnostic characters. In contrary, anatomical characters are highly significant at
species level. Type of midrib outline, petiole vascular bundle and presence of subsidiary
bundles proved to be unique toward almost all members. Multivariate analysis of both
morphological and anatomical characters shows an overall high GGSc at 0.66 – 0.97.
PAUP analysis however, favour morphological characters over anatomical characters
with CI, RI and HI recorded at 0.6121, 0.420 and 0.3879 respectively. Therefore, these
findings support the classification of Olmstead in 1995 and partly of Yuan et. al, in 2010
based on molecular classification. It is concluded, both morphological and anatomical
characters are of high taxonomic value but at different taxanomic levels. C. chinense
and three unnamed species are subjected to further study for species confirmation. This
study implicates that both morphological and anatomical characters can be used to
complements current classification of Clerodendrum and serve as important taxonomic
references. |
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