UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan kepimpinan distributif
pengetua, kepimpinan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru sekolah menengah kebangsaan
(SMK) di Selangor serta hubungan antara ketiga-tiga pemboleh ubah. Kajian ini turut
bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh amalan kepimpinan distributif pengetua
terhadap kepimpinan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan
kaedah tinjauan. Instrumen kajian diadaptasi daripada instrumen Distributed
Leadership Inventory (DLI), Teacher Leadership Self-Assessment (TLSA), dan
Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). Seramai 378 orang guru SMK di negeri
Selangor dipilih sebagai responden kajian menggunakan pensampelan rawak berstrata.
Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kepimpinan distributif pengetua diamalkan pada tahap
tinggi (M=4.10, SP=0.23), manakala tahap amalan kepimpinan guru juga adalah tinggi
(M=4.03, SP=0.20). Analisis deskriptif turut mendapati efikasi kendiri guru berada
pada tahap tinggi (M=4.05, SP=0.18). Ujian korelasi Pearson mendapati hubungan
yang signifikan positif dan sederhana antara amalan kepimpinan distributif pengetua
dengan kepimpinan guru (r = .414, p < 0.05). Namun, analisis korelasi menunjukkan
hubungan signifikan positif yang lemah antara amalan kepimpinan distributif pengetua
dengan efikasi kendiri guru (r = .241, p < 0.05). Hubungan antara kepimpinan guru dan
efikasi kendiri guru pula didapati signifikan positif dan sederhana (r = .578, p < 0.05).
Analisis regresi mendapati bahawa ketiga-tiga dimensi dalam amalan kepimpinan
distributif pengetua iaitu kerjasama pasukan kepimpinan, penyeliaan, dan sokongan
menyumbang secara signifikan terhadap kepimpinan guru (Y = 2.935 + 0.138*X1 +
0.046*X2 + 0.011*X3). Namun, hanya dimensi penyeliaan dalam amalan kepimpinan
distributif pengetua yang menyumbang secara signifikan terhadap efikasi kendiri guru
(Y = 3.532 + 0.051*X1). Manakala, hanya empat dimensi kepimpinan guru iaitu amalan
pengajaran dan kepimpinan, menerajui perubahan, komunikasi, dan kepelbagaian
menyumbang secara signifikan kepada efikasi kendiri guru (Y = 2.549 + 0.397*X1 +
0.040*X2 + 0.009*X3 + 0.006*X4). Analisis kajian juga menunjukkan kepimpinan guru
berperanan sebagai mediator separa dalam hubungan antara kepimpinan distributif
pengetua dengan efikasi kendiri guru dengan nilai ab = 0.1899, CI (0.1410, 0.2434).
Kesimpulannya, kepimpinan distributif pengetua mempunyai pengaruh terhadap
pembangunan kepimpinan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru SMK di Selangor. Implikasi
kajian memberikan indikator bahawa kepimpinan distributif dan kepimpinan guru perlu
dijadikan budaya dan amalan serta dipertingkat dalam usaha untuk meningkatkan
efikasi kendiri guru. |
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