UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kecergasan fizikal kanak-kanak boleh menjadi petunjuk tahap kesihatan mereka pada masa akan datang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangun dan menilai kandungan modul penilaian kecergasan fizikal berasaskan kesihatan kanak-kanak prasekolah
Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan
pembangunan (PRP) yang terbahagi kepada tiga fasa. Fasa I ialah fasa analisis keperluan yang menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Soal selidik diedarkan kepada 145
orang guru prasekolah. Fasa II ialah fasa reka bentuk dan pembangunan kandungan modul. Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi dan protokol temu bual digunakan terhadap 5 orang
informan dan 17 orang pakar turut terlibat dalam fasa ini. Fasa III ialah fasa penilaian kebolehgunaan yang menggunakan kaedah reka bentuk kumpulan praujian dan
pascaujian dengan melibatkan 43 orang kanak-kanak prasekolah. Setiap instrumen
telah mendapat kesahan pakar. Dapatan analisis Fasa I menggunakan Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.00 menunjukkan 100% responden
bersetuju dengan pembangunan kandungan modul penilaian ini. Analisis Fuzzy Delphi
bagi Fasa II menunjukkan komponen komposisi badan, komponen daya tahan otot tangan, komponen fleksibiliti, komponen kekuatan otot kaki, dan komponen daya tahan kardiovaskular diterima sebagai komponen kandungan modul penilaian dan
disusun mengikut keutamaan komponen. Ujian-ujian yang diterima bagi setiap
komponen ialah indeks jisim badan, genggaman tangan, jangkauan melunjur, lompat
jauh berdiri, dan larian ulang alik 20 meter. Hal ini disebabkan oleh semua komponen
dan ujian telah memenuhi syarat segi tiga fuzzy iaitu nilai ambang (d) ≤ 0.2 dan peratus kesepakatan pakar ≥ 75.0% serta memenuhi syarat penilaian fuzzy iaitu skor fuzzy (A) ≥ nilai α-cut = 0.5. Fasa III dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 23.00 dan menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara praujian dan pascaujian bagi ujian dalam kandungan modul. Kajian ini telah menghasilkan kandungan modul penilaian kecergasan fizikal berasaskan kesihatan kanak-kanak prasekolah Malaysia. Diharapkan hasil kajian dapat digunakan oleh pelbagai pihak berkepentingan terutamanya Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dalam meningkatkan kecergasan fizikal kanak-kanak prasekolah. |
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