UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aims to investigate the phytochemicals and biological activities from the
bark and leaf of Aquilaria subintegra Ding Hou. The samples were air-dried, ground, and gradient
extracted by cold extraction using n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol successively. The bark
and leaf crude extracts were purified via chromatographic techniques to produce pure
compounds. The chemical structure of compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods such as
nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry and comparison from the
literature review. The crude extracts and isolated compounds were tested for their anti-lipase,
antioxidant and anticancer activities through colorimetric test, DPPH free radical scavenging and
cytotoxicity assay, respectively. This study has successfully afforded 22 compounds, including
three new compounds, namely aquilene A, aquilene B, and subintegranol. Other compounds were
5-hydroxy-7,4ʹ-dimethoxyflavone, luteolin- 7,3ʹ,4ʹ-trimethyl ether,
5,3ʹ-dihydroxy-7,4ʹ-dimethoxyflavone, 7,3ʹ-dimethoxyluteolin, 5,7-dihydroxy-4ʹ-methoxyflavone,
β-sitosterol, β-sitostenone, stigmasterol, friedelin, epifriedelanol, phytol, and hentriacontane.
Anti-lipase activity of n-hexane extracts of leaf and methanol extracts of bark showed the highest
inhibition, 46% and 52% compared with the control, respectively. Meanwhile, through computational
study of 5-hydroxy-7,4ʹ-dimethoxyflavone exhibited the highest inhibition and predicted as a
competitive lipase inhibitor. Besides, the leaf of methanolic extract showed the strongest DPPH
radical scavenger with IC50 value of 29.56 ± 6.37 µg/mL. However, the tested isolated compounds
showed less ability in antioxidant activity. In cytotoxic activity, the leaf and bark of methanolic
extracts exhibited highest anticancer activity with IC50 values of 24.30 ± 0.07 and 17.46 ± 0.08
µg/mL, respectively. Besides, 5- hydroxy-7,4ʹ-dimethoxyflavone showed the highest cytotoxicity
activity with IC50 value of 38.48 ± 0.06 µg/mL. In conclusion, this study successfully revealed
the presence of various phytochemicals in A. subintegra and their potential as anti-lipase,
antioxidant and anticancer agents. In implication, this study enhances knowledge on the
diversity of chemical compounds and their potential in modern medicine.
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