UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About
Menu Icon

QR Code Link :

Type :final_year_project
Subject :QA Mathematics
Main Author :Nurul Iman Nabihah Zuki
Title :Peramalan kemasukan pelancong di Malaysia menggunakan model Holt-Winters
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains dan Matematik
Year of Publication :2023
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
PDF Guest :Click to view PDF file

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Kemasukan pelancong telah menjadi isu yang semakin hangat kerana peranannya yang sangat penting dalam sektor pelancongan dan ekonomi sesebuah negara. Kesan penularan penyakit koronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap aktiviti pelancongan telah menyebabkan pola kemasukan pelancongan di Malaysia menurun secara mendadak. Peramalan kemasukan pelancong dapat membantu agensi-agensi yang terlibat untuk menarik semula kemasukan pelancong dengan cara mempromosikan pakej pelancongan, pembangunan infrastruktur dan sebagainya. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti pola kemasukan pelancong di Malaysia dengan menggunakan model Holt-Winters dari Januari 2015 hingga Disember 2021. Ketepatan ramalan bagi data kajian ini diuji dengan korelasi Pearson. Hubungan bagi data sebenar dan data ramalan bagi training dan testing pada tahun 2015 - 2019 (r=0.637) adalah tinggi manakala bagi training dan testing pada tahun 2015 - 2021 (r=0.946) adalah sangat tinggi. Oleh itu, model Holt-Winters digunakan untuk meramalkan kemasukan pelancong untuk 2 tahun yang akan datang. Nilai ramalan untuk tahun 2022 hingga 2023 dipaparkan mengikut bulan

References

Abdul Wahid, A. H. (2021). Menilai kelangsungan perniagaan melalui kaedah analisa kecekapan. Buletin FPN 2. 

Akhmaddhian, S., & Dialog, B. L. (2019). Bantuan hukum bagi pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah di kecamatan selajambe, kuningan. Empowerment: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(02). 

Akolo, I. R. (2019). Perbandingan exponential smoothing holt-winters dan arima pada peramalan produksi padi di provinsi gorontalo. Jurnal Technopreneur (JTech), 7(1), 20-26. https://doi.org/10.30869/jtech.v7i1.314 

Anwar, F. H., Hassan, M. M., & Khir, A. M. (2021). Persepsi impak industri pelancongan terhadap kualiti hidup komuniti setempat di Batu Ferringhi, Pulau Pinang. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(8), 133-149.  https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i8.978 

Aryati, A., Purnamasari, I., & Nasution, Y. N. (2021). Peramalan dengan menggunakan metode Holt-Winters Exponential Smoothing. EKSPONENSIAL, 11(1), 99-106. 

Azid, M. A. A., Nasir, K., Zaman, R. K., & Hussain, A. A. (2022). Analisis Laporan Akhbar Terhadap Isu-Isu Wanita di Malaysia Pasca Pandemik COVID-19. RABBANICA-Journal of Revealed Knowledge, 3(1), 141-160. 

Aziz, A. R. A., Sukor, N. M., & Ab Razak, N. H. (2020). Wabak Covid-19: Pengurusan aspek kesihatan mental semasa norma baharu. International Journal of Social Science Research, 2(4), 156-174. 

Aziz, A. R. A. (2020). Pengangguran dalam kalangan tenaga kerja semasa wabak COVID-19. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(11), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i11.539 

Aziz, R. C., Marican, N. D., Hamzah, S., & dan Kesejahteraan, P. (2021). Peluang dan potensi hutan lipur sungai sedim sebagai produk eko pelancongan di Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 17(1), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1701-09 

Azmi, N. I. M., & Hanafiah, M. G. (2018). Pelancongan Budaya di Sungai Lembing. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 2(4), 1-10. 

Bernama. (2020, April 11). Sektor pelancongan sumbang RM86.14 bilion kepada ekonomi Malaysia pada 2019. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/sektor-pelancongan-sumbang-rm8614-bilion-kepada-ekonomi-malaysia-pada-2019-237781 

Bezerra, A. K. L., & Santos, É. M. C. (2020). Prediction the daily number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Sudan with ARIMA and Holt Winter exponential smoothing. International Journal of Development Research, 10(08), 39408-39413. https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.19811.08.2020 

Booranawong, T., & Booranawong, A. (2018). Double exponential smoothing and Holt-Winters methods with optimal initial values and weighting factors for forecasting lime, Thai chili and lemongrass prices in Thailand. Engineering and Applied Science Research, 45(1), 32-38. 

Bokelmann, B., & Lessmann, S. (2019). Spurious patterns in Google Trends data - An analysis of the effects on tourism demand forecasting in Germany. Tourism management, 75, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.015 

Bororing, J. E. (2022). Implementasi dashboard microsoft power bi untuk visualisasi data covid 19 indonesia. Informasi Interaktif, 7(1), 21-29. 

Bungsu, M. S., Ibrahim, F. A., & Yusof, J. (2021). Makna dan Cabaran Pekerjaan Sambilan Harian Ketika Tempoh Pandemik: Kajian Kes Terhadap Pekerja Sambilan Harian di Kuala Lumpur. e-BANGI, 18(8), 107-118. 

Chakrabarty, D. (2018). Statistics and bioscience: association in research. Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences, 2(5), 001-007. https://doi.org/10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000546 

Chakrabarty, N. (2020). A regression approach to distribution and trend analysis of quarterly foreign tourist arrivals in India. Journal of Soft Computing Paradigm (JSCP), 2(01), 57-82. https://doi.org/10.36548/jscp.2020.1.006 

Chung, M. G., Herzberger, A., Frank, K. A., & Liu, J. (2020). International tourism dynamics in a globalized world: A social network analysis approach. Journal of Travel Research, 59(3), 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519844834 

Din, N. F. M., Ahmad, H., Jusoh, H., & Aiyub, K. (2020). Pola kunjungan pelancongan keluarga berasaskan aktiviti sebelum, semasa dan selepas ke pantai pelancongan pulau: Pantai Chenang Langkawi. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(1), 69-81. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i1.351 

Djakaria, I., & Saleh, S. E. (2021). Covid-19 forecast using Holt-Winters exponential smoothing. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1882(1), 1-8. 

Dzia-Uddin, D. N. D. U., & Zakaria, N. S. (2018). Kemudahan destinasi dan tarikan destinasi terhadap kepuasan pelancong asing di Georgetown, Pulau Pinang. Journal of Hospitality and Networks, 1(1), 12-17. 

Faisal, M., & Umar, M. H. (2019). Pelaksanaan dan pengurusan masjid pelancongan di Malaysia [The implementation and management of tourism mosque in Malaysia]. Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 20(1), 206-219.  

Fauzi, N. F., Ahmadi, N. S., & Shafii, N. H. (2020). A comparison study on fuzzy time series and holt-winter model in forecasting tourist arrival in Langkawi, Kedah. Journal of Computing Research and Innovation (JCRINN), 5(1), 34-43. 

Fattah, J., Ezzine, L., Aman, Z., El Moussami, H., & Lachhab, A. (2018). Forecasting of demand using ARIMA model. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 10, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979018808673. 

Fitrah, M. (2018). Metodologi penelitian: penelitian kualitatif, tindakan kelas & studi kasus. CV Jejak (Jejak Publisher). 

Gelper, S., Fried, R., & Croux, C. (2010). Robust forecasting with exponential and Holt–Winters smoothing. Journal of forecasting, 29(3), 285-300. 

Goodwin, P. (2010). The holt-winters approach to exponential smoothing: 50 years old and going strong. Foresight, 19(19), 30-33. 

Halim, A. S. S., & Muda, N. (2020). Modelling and forecasting of tourism demand in Malaysia. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 3(12), 230-244. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V3-i12-06 

Hamzah, I. S., & Ayob, N. H. (2021). Vaksinasi Dalam Menentang Covid19: Ancaman Kesihatan Awam. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management, 6 (25), 119-138. https://doi.org/10.35631/JTHEM.625010 

Hansun, S. (2017). New estimation rules for unknown parameters on holt-winters multiplicative method. Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences, 49(2), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2017.49.2.3 

Hasbullah, N. A., & Ab Rahman, A. (2020). Peranan Pemegang Taruh dalam Menjaga Kebajikan Ekonomi Rakyat Semasa Pandemik COVID-19 dari Perspektif Ekonomi Islam: The Role of Stakeholders in Safeguarding People’s Economic Welfare During the COVID-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Islamic Economy. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 71-89. 

Hoare, Z., & Hoe, J. (2013). Understanding quantitative research: Part 2. Nursing Standard, 27(18), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.01.27.18.48.c9488 

Holt, C. C. (2004). Forecasting seasonals and trends by exponentially weighted moving averages. International journal of forecasting, 20(1), 5-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2003.09.015 

Huddleston, S. H., Porter, J. H., & Brown, D. E. (2015). Improving forecasts for noisy geographic time series. Journal of Business Research, 68(8), 1810-1818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.03.040 

Hyndman, R. J., & Athanasopoulos, G. (2018). Forecasting: principles and practice. OTexts. 

Ibrahim, B., & Mohamad, N. H. (2018). Tahap grit dalam kalangan guru di Negeri Johor. Politeknik & Kolej Komuniti Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 49-63. 

Ibrahim, N., & Mohideen, F. B. S. (2021). Pencegahan penyakit Covid-19 melalui ‘amalan mencuci tangan’daripada perspektif hadith: [Prevention of Covid-19 disease through ‘practice of hand washing'from the hadith perspective]. Ulum Islamiyyah, 33(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol33no1.197 

Ibrahim, S. H. S., & samsudin, H. B. (2021). Pemodelan ketibaan pelancong antarabangsa ke Malaysia. Journal of Quality Measurement and Analysis JQMA, 17(2), 9-17. 

Ikawati, H. D. (2022). Pemodelan (user model) dalam pembelajaran. Journal scientific of mandalika (JSM) e-ISSN 2745-5955, 3(2), 84-89. https://doi.org/10.36312/%20(jsm).v3i2.559 

Ismail, M. I. Z., & Yahya, M. A. H. (2021). Model penarafan hotel dan chalet patuh syariah: satu kajian konsepsual di negeri Melaka. Jurnal Maw'izah, 4(1), 36-44. 

Jafar, A., George, F., Meri, A., Chong, V. H., Mapa, M. T., Sakke, N., ... & Baco, Z. (2021). Keberkesanan Program Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan di Malaysia Timur. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(7), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i7.859 

Jailani, N. S. I. M., Kasim, N., Noh, H. M., & Abd Rahim, M. H. I. (2022). Kajian Penggunaan Sistem Binaan Berindustri (IBS) Bagi Projek Pembinaan Pasca Covid-19. Research in Management of Technology and Business, 3(1), 459-470. 

James, J., & Hussin, R. (2021). Impak aktiviti pelancongan ke atas komuniti setempat: tinjauan literatur: impact of tourism activities on the local community: a literature review. Journal of Borneo Social Transformation Studies, 7(1), 211-224. 

Kalekar, P. S. (2004). Time series forecasting using holt-winters exponential smoothing. Kanwal Rekhi school of information Technology, 4329008(13), 1-13. 

Kamarudin, l. M. B. (2018). Konsep pelancongan muslim daripada perspektif operator. 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2019). Takwim persekolahan. https://www.moe.gov.my/muat-turun/takwim/takwim-persekolahan 

Kumar, R., Kumar, P., & Kumar, Y. (2020). Time series data prediction using iot and machine learning technique. Procedia computer science, 167, 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.240 

Kurniasih, N., Ahmar, A. S., Hidayat, D. R., Agustin, H., & Rizal, E. (2018). Forecasting infant mortality rate for China: a comparison between a-Sutte Indicator, ARIMA, and Holt-winters. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1028(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1088/17426596/1028/1/012195 

Kyrylov, Y., Hranovska, V., Boiko, V., Kwilinski, A., & Boiko, L. (2020). International tourism development in the context of increasing globalization risks: On the example of ukraine’s integration into the global tourism industry. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(12), 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13120303 

Laksmi, P. I. O., Dharmawan, K., & Harini, L. P. I. (2014). Peramalan kunjungan wisatawan menggunakan model Armax dengan nilai kurs dan ekspor-impor sebagai faktor eksogen. E-Jurnal Matematika, 3, 138. 

Latiff, A. R. A., Mohd, S., Pitchay, A. A., & Daud, L. (2020). Kesan pertumbuhan industri pelancongan kepada pendapatan negara dan peluang pekerjaan: analisis input-output. International Journal of Social Science Research, 2(4), 44-61. 

Lewis, C.D. (1982). Industrial and business forecasting methods. London: Butterworths. 

Lip, N. M., Jumery, N. S., Termizi, F. A. A., Mulyadi, N. A., Anuar, N., & Ithnin, H. (2020). Forecasting international tourist arrivals in Malaysia using SARIMA and Holt-Winters model. Management, 5(18), 41-51. https://doi.org/10.35631/JTHEM.518004 

Majlis Keselamatan Negara (MKN). (2020, Jun 12). Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (Movement Control Order). https://www.mkn.gov.my/web/ms/covid-19/ 

Marzuki, S. N., Sudin, A. A. A., Atang, D. S. A. N., Arsat, A. A. N., Abidin, N. L. Z., Nawi, N. F. M., & Choy, E. A. (2021). Tarikan pelancongan berasaskan warisan di kuala lumpur. e-BANGI, 18(2), 243-261. 

Mishra, P. K., Rout, H. B., & Pradhan, B. B. (2018). Seasonality in tourism and forecasting foreign tourist arrivals in India. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 11(4), 629-658. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJMS.2018.239718.672776 

Mohamad, N. H., Salleh, M., & Ahmad, A. (2019). Faktor penentu kepada niat berhenti kerja dalam kalangan pekerja hotel Di kuala Terengganu. Journal of Business and Social Development, 7(1), 55-65. 

Mohd Mahyideen, J., Yaakob, H., Mohamad Rusli, N. A., & Mohamad, W. N. (2021). Epidemik, endemik dan pandemik fahami perbezaannya/Dr. Jamilah Mohd Mahyideen...[et al.]. ASPIRASI FPP, 2, 35-39. 

Montgomery, D. C., Jennings, C. L., & Kulahci, M. (2015). Introduction to time series analysis and forecasting. John Wiley & Sons. 

Moosa, I. A., & Khatatbeh, I. N. (2021). International tourist arrivals as a determinant of the severity of COVID-19: International cross-sectional evidence. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 13(3), 419-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2020.1859519 

MOTAC. (2017, September 7). Pernyataan Dasar Kementerian Pelancongan, Seni dan Budaya Malaysia. http://www.motac.gov.my/profil/dasar 

Muhammad, M. (2018). Sebaran dan peramalan mahasiswa baru pendidikan matematika universitas muhammadiyah purwokerto dengan metode time invariant fuzzy time series. MAJU: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 3(2), 1-11. 

Mustafar, F. W., Noh, N. M., Suhaini, N., & Karim, A. K. A. (2020). Potensi pelancongan di tampin, Negeri Sembilan. Jurnal Tuah, 1(1). 

Mustafa, H., Ahmed, F., Zainol, W. W., & Mat Enh, A. (2021). Forecasting the impact of gross domestic product (gdp) on international tourist arrivals to Langkawi, Malaysia: A PostCOVID-19 Future. Sustainability, 13(23), 13372.  https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313372 

Nazri, N. F. A. B. M. (2021). Kajian terhadap keberkesanan penggunaan sistem pengurusan aset (asis) di hospital. 1-86.  

Nordin, N. S., & Ahmad, H. (2020). Pemetaan aset dan penglibatan komuniti dalam pelancongan di Kilim dan Makam Mahsuri, Langkawi. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 4(2), 1-13. 

Nugroho, U. (2018). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif pendidikan jasmani. Ompok, C. C., Emison, A. and Teo, L. (2021). Pembinaan instrumen pencapaian awal matematik untuk kanak-kanak Prasekolah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(11), 138 - 147. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i11.1148 

Pandit, V., & Schuller, B. (2019). The many-to-many mapping between the concordance correlation coefficient and the mean square error. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.05180. 

Pondo, H. (2019). Kearifan Tempatan Wacana Korona Virus dalam Masyarakat Melayu Malaysia. Malay Local Wisdom in the Period and After the Plague, 25. 

Pratami, W. C. (2017). Penerapan metode kuantitatif terhadap jumlah permintaan tenaga kerja perhotelan di Denpasar. Jurnal Bisnis Darmajaya, 3(1), 65-73. 

Prayudani, S., Hizriadi, A., Lase, Y. Y., & Fatmi, Y. (2019, November). Analysis accuracy of forecasting measurement technique on random K-nearest neighbour (RKNN) using MAPE and MSE. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1361(1), 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/17426596/1361/1/012089 

Rafidah, A., Shabri, A., Suhaila, Y., & Mazuin, E. (2020). Forecasting indonesia tourist arrivals to malaysia based on nonlinear and linear model. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.08.19 

Rahman, H. A. (2018). Potensi dan cabaran dalam memajukan pelancongan islam di Malaysia Potential and Challenges in Islamic Tourism in Malaysia. Jurnal Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 506-518. 

Rahman, T. F. A., & Nayan, N. M. (2022). Evaluation On Malaysian Mental Health During Movement Control Order/Penilaian Tahap Kesihatan Mental Rakyat Malaysia Semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan. Sains Humanika, 71-80. 

Rahman MK, Gazi MAI, Bhuiyan MA, Rahaman MA (2021) Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on tourist travel risk and management perceptions. PLoS ONE 16(9): e0256486. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.025648 

Ramli, A. A., Ismail, A., Din, F. M., Johary, S. N. D., Zanudin, S. N. A., & Maudin, M. S. (Eds.). (2021). Artikel Pilihan Covid-19. Siri 2 (UUM Press). UUM Press. 

Rashid, M. R. A., Mas' ad, M. A., Shukor, S. A., Mutalib, L. A., Baharuddin, A. S., Mamat, Z., & Alias, M. A. A. (2021). The Concept of Implementation of Hibah for The Cases of Maradh Al-Mawt Covid-19 Among Muslims in Malaysia: The Concept of Implementation of Hibah for The Cases of Maradh Al-Mawt Covid-19 among Muslims in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 9(1), 61-72. 

Rijali, A. (2019). Analisis data kualitatif. Alhadharah: Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 17(33), 81- 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/alhadharah.v17i33.2374 

Saidi, Z. A., Ahmad, H., & Jusoh, H. (2020). Pelancongan bandar diraja: satu pola kunjungan pelancong domestik di Kuala Kangsar. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(1), 15-31. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i1.348 

Salleh, W. B. M. (2021). Keperluan pendekatan employee-driven innovation (edi) dalam sektor pelancongan di Sabah. Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 3-7. 

Schorb, M., Haberbosch, I., Hagen, W. J., Schwab, Y., & Mastronarde, D. N. (2019). Software tools for automated transmission electron microscopy. Nature methods, 16(6), 471-477. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0396-9 

Shaari, S. H. B. (2021). Tahap kefahaman asas kimia organik dalam kalangan pelajar modul 1 di Kolej Matrikulasi Kedah. Journal on Technical and Vocational Education, 6(2), 222-230. 

Shahrodin, M. F., & Latiffi, A. A. (2021). Building information modelling (bim) dalam aspek pengurusan kewangan projek pembinaan. Research in Management of Technology and Business, 2(2), 670-684. 

Shrestha, M. B., & Bhatta, G. R. (2018). Selecting appropriate methodological framework for time series data analysis. The Journal of Finance and Data Science, 4(2), 71-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfds.2017.11.001 

Subri, I. M. (2020). Langkah Pencegahan Pandemik Covid 19 Melalui perintah kawalan pergerakan: satu maslahah. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 22(1), 1-14. 

Sumarmi, W. (2011). Model pengaruh motivasi kerja, pengembangan karier, lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan dan keunggulan bersaing berkelanjutan di bumn. Industri Inovatif: Jurnal Teknik Industri, 1(2), 1-9 

Suppalakpanya, K., Nikhom, R., Booranawong, A., & Booranawong, T. (2019). An evaluation of holt-winters methods with different initial trend values for forecasting crude palm oil production and prices in Thailand. Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology, 26(1), 13-22. 

Tajidin, M. H., & Abd Rahman, A. (2021). Aplikasi teknologi spatial dalam menambahbaik kemudahan pengangkutan bagi kegunaan pelancong sekitar Pulau Pinang. e-BANGI, 18(5), 37-52. 

Taylor, S. J., & Letham, B. (2018). Forecasting at scale. The American Statistician, 72(1), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1380080 

Tourism Malaysia. (n.d.). MyTourismData.  http://mytourismdata.tourism.gov.my/?page_id=14#!from=2020&to=2021&destination=34MY 

Trull, O., García-Díaz, J. C., & Troncoso, A. (2020). Initialization methods for multiple seasonal Holt–Winters forecasting models. Mathematics, 8(2), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8020268 

Winters, P. R. (1960). Forecasting sales by exponentially weighted moving averages. Management science, 6(3), 324-342. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.6.3.324 

Wongoutong, C. (2021). The effect on forecasting accuracy of the holt-winters method when using the incorrect model on a non-stationary time series. Thailand Statistician, 19(3), 565-582. 

World Health Organization. (2020, September 30). WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/table 

UNWTO. 2011. Tourism towards 2030 / global overview. Madrid: World tourism organization. 

Yahya, M. S. S., Safian, E. E. M., & Yahya, M. M. S. (2021). Norma Baharu: Isu Pembangunan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (Gis) dalam Penentuan Taburan Pandemik Covid-19 dan Kesan Terhadap Sosiodemografi Di Malaysia. Jurnal Penyelidikan Sains Sosial (JOSSR), 4(10), 62-80. 

Yasin, M., & Kasino, K. (2018). Analisis pengaruh pad dan belanja pembangunan terhadap kinerja keuangan daerah di Kabupaten dan Kota Se-Jawa Timur. JEB17: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(02). https://doi.org/10.1234/jeb17.v3i02.2135 

Yuniarti, R. (2022). Kesalahan mahasiswa program studi administrasi publik dalam menyelesaikan soal statistika deskriptif dan statistika inferensial. Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Statistika, 8(1), 46-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jsms.v8i1.13312 

Yusof, M. Z. M., & Tahir, Z. (2021). Faktor kejayaan usahawan muda dalam perniagaan industri kecil dan sederhana (EKS) di Malaysia. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 5(1), 1-13.  

Yusoff, N. H., & Sarifin, M. R. (2021). Reaksi Masyarakat Malaysia terhadap Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) Semasa Penularan Wabak Covid-19. Akademika: Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Kemanusiaan Asia Tenggara, 91, 69-78. 

Zaid, M. K., Ramli, W. M., Ferdawos, M. A., Rudaini, M. S., Ravi, M. S., & Chik, W. M. (2019, November). Institusi pondok di negeri Terengganu dan peranannya dalam pelancongan ilmu. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Islamic Civilization and Technology Management 23. 311-320. 

Zain, M. S., & Putra, D. S. (2020). Analisis lingkungan belajar: metode mengajar, kurikulum fisika, relasi guru dengan siswa, dan disiplin sekolah. J. Pendidik. Fis, 8(1), 30-41. 

Zhang, H., Song, H., Wen, L., & Liu, C. (2021). Forecasting tourism recovery amid COVID-19. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103149 

Zhang, M., Li, J., Pan, B., & Zhang, G. (2018). Weekly hotel occupancy forecasting of a tourism destination. Sustainability, 10(12), 4351. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124351 

Zheng, L., Sayed, T., & Essa, M. (2019). Validating the bivariate extreme value modeling approach for road safety estimation with different traffic conflict indicators. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 123, 314-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.007 

Zuliskandar Ramli. 2017. Heritage Tourism in Malaysia: Potential and Challenges. The Social Sciences 12(3): 431-440. 

Zulkefli, N. S., Jaafar, M., & Marzuki, A. (2019). Keberkesanaan program kerajaan dalam sektor pelancongan: Penerokaan melalui reaksi pengusaha penginapan kecil dan sederhana. Jurnal Peradaban, 12, 48-74. https://doi.org/10.22452/PERADABAN.vol12no1.3 

 

 

 

 


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.