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2241

Novel federated decision making for distribution of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody to eligible high-risk patients

Abstract

Context: When the epidemic ¯rst broke out, no speci¯c treatment was available for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The urgent need to end this unusual situation has resulted in many attempts to deal with SARS-CoV-2. In addition to several types of vaccinations that have been created, anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have added a new dimension to preventative and treatment e®orts. This therapy also helps prevent severe symptoms for those at a high risk. Therefore, this is one of the most promising treatments for mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 cases. However, the availability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb therapy is limited and leads to two main challenges. The ¯rst is the privacy challenge of selecting eligible patients from the distribution hospital networking, which requires data sharing, and the second is the prioritization of all eligible patients amongst the distribution hospitals according to dose availability. To our knowledge, no research combi.....

Article Published 2024 386 hits Available

2242

Genetic diversity and utilization of ginger (Zingiber officinale) for varietal improvement: A review

Salisu, Monsuru Adekunle

Abstract

Ginger is widely cultivated globally and considered the third most important spice crop due to its medicinal properties. It is cultivated for its therapeutic potential in treating different medical conditions and has been extensively researched for its pharmacological and biochemical properties. Despite its significant value, the potential for genetic improvement and sustainable cultivation has been largely ignored compared to other crop species. Similarly, ginger cultivation is affected by various biotic stresses such as viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, leading to a significant reduction in its potential yields. Several techniques, such as micropropagation, germplasm conservation, mutation breeding, and transgenic have been extensively researched in enhancing sustainable ginger production. These techniques have been utilized to enhance the quality of ginger, primarily due to its vegetative propagation mode. However, the ginger breeding program has encountered challenges due to.....

Article Published 2024 457 hits Available

2243

A survey on Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) among Malaysian young adults

Ali Md Nadzalan

Abstract

Background: Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) is used effectively to encourage and promote an increased level of Physical Activity (PA) in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the status of PAM and to identify the type of monitoring method being used among young adults in Malaysia is avoid health risks. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data collection was based on a validated customized questionnaire carried out by sending it online via email, WhatsApp, and Facebook with an explanation of the research back-ground, including the link of the survey questionnaires to the respondents. Results: A total of 400 participants completed this survey and most participants were in the age range between 25-29 and 50.7% were males. Nearly half of the participants (61.0%) declared that they were monitoring their PA regularly and smartwatches (20.5%) are the most preferable type for PAM. Conclusion: In this survey, it can be concluded that more awareness needs to be created .....

Article Published 2024 434 hits Available

2244

Impregnation process and kinetics studies of MgO nanocatalyst/montmorilonite-K10 for biodiesel production from Cerbera odollam oil in modified-microwave reactor

Azlan Kamari

Abstract

Impregnation of MgO nanocatalysts on montmorillonite-K10 (MTe) and kinetics studies on transesterification reactions for biodiesel production using Cerbera odollam oil have been conducted. The impregnation process of nanocatalyst into MTe was carried out by mixing the MgO nanocatalyst with MTe dispersed in an ethanol solution. The MgO-MTe product was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transesterification reaction process of Cerbera odollam oil using MgO-MTe catalyst carried out in batch modified-microwave reactor with various oil/methanol ratios, reaction temperatures, reaction time, and the percentage weight of catalyst. Furthermore, the reaction kinetics analysis is done using the pseudo-first-order reaction. The quality of biodiesel was determined using the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) method for biodiesel test. The results show that with the increasing percentage weight of cat.....

Article Published 2024 280 hits Available

2245

Financial inclusion and underground economy nexus in West Africa: Evidence from dynamic heterogeneous panel techniques

Gamal, Awadh Ahmed Mohammed

Abstract

We employ dynamic heterogeneous panel estimation techniques which include Dynamic Fixed Effects, Mean Group, and Pooled Mean Group estimators to explore the underground economy (UE) and financial inclusion (FI) relation for ten West African nations during the 2004–2021 period. Applying Pedroni cointegration test, the results present evidence of a long-term relation between UE and FI (alongside corruption, inflation rate, money supply, agricultural output, and trade). The results of panel estimation portray a long-term significant positive influence of FI on UE, but a short-term significant negative relation between FI and UE. In addition, corruption, money supply, and international trade have a long-term significant negative influence on UE, while inflation supports long-term expansion of UE. Also, a short-term significant negative relation exists between inflation (and trade) and UE, while a short-term significant positive relation is found between money supply and UE. The results o.....

Article Published 2024 269 hits Available

2246

Predicting automobile insurance fraud using classical and machine learning models

Asmawi Haji Hashim

Abstract

Insurance fraud claims have become a major problem in the insurance industry. Several investigations have been carried out to eliminate negative impacts on the insurance industry as this immoral act has caused the loss of billions of dollars. In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to assess the performance of various classification models, namely logistic regression, neural network (NN), support vector machine (SVM), tree augmented naïve Bayes (NB), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and AdaBoost with different model settings for predicting automobile insurance fraud claims. Results reveal that the tree augmented NB outperformed other models based on several performance metrics with accuracy (79.35%), sensitivity (44.70%), misclassification rate (20.65%), area under curve (0.81) and Gini (0.62). In addition, the result shows that the AdaBoost algorithm can improve the classification performance of the decision tree. These findings are useful for insurance professionals.....

Article Published 2024 1030 hits Available

2247

Thickening supercritical CO2 at high temperatures with rod-like reverse micelles

Azmi Mohamed

Abstract

Earlier studies demonstrated the ability of some fluorinated surfactants to form rod-like reverse micelles with the ability to thicken water/supercritical CO2 (scCO2) mixtures at temperatures below 45 ºC [Langmuir 26 (2010) 83–88. Soft Matter 8 (2012) 7044–7055. Colloids and Surfaces B, 168 (2018), 201–210.]. Such viscosity enhancement of scCO2 is known to increase sweep efficiency for oil recovery with CO2 flooding. However, temperatures of up to ∼100 ºC in conventional reservoirs are much higher than those employed in laboratory studies, and tend to weaken inter- and intra-molecular interactions between surfactant molecules, discouraging rod-like reverse micelle formation. With the aim of designing surfactants which form rod-like reverse micelles and thicken CO2 at high temperatures, this study examined phase behavior, nanostructures of reverse micelles and thickening ability of double ω-hydroperfluorocarbon-tail anionic surfactants in W/scCO2 mixtures at temperatures of 3.....

Article Published 2024 376 hits Available

2248

Essential oil composition of antidesma cuspidatum and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh

Abstract

[No abstract available]..

Article Published 2024 201 hits Available

2249

First-principles investigation on the impact of copper concentration on zinc telluride as the back contact for cadmium telluride solar cells

Afiq Radzwan

Abstract

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells have attracted a lot of interest in recent years, attributed to their low cost and eco-friendly fabrication technique. However, the back contact is still the key issue for further improvement in device performance due to the work function difference between p-CdTe and metal contacts. In this study, the interatomic characteristics of zinc telluride (ZnTe) and Cu-doped ZnTe (ZnTe:Cu) as a back surface field (BSF) in CdTe structure is investigated using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) to overcome the Schottky barrier in CdTe solar cells. The incorporation of different doping levels of copper (Cu) in ZnTe on an atomic scale, where Zn1−xTe:Cux (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) as the potential back surface field layers is investigated. The effect of doping concentration on electrical characteristics such as bandgap structure and density of states (DOS) were examined via ab initio with the Hubbard U (DFT + U) correction. The results showed an.....

Article Published 2024 220 hits Available

2250

A comparison of the level of the ESP language learners’ performance and engagement in a synchronous online course and the face-to-face course

Ramlee Mustapha

Abstract

Evidence is steadily mounting on the prominence of online and technology-enabled learning in higher education. The present study intended to investigate whether virtual, interactive, real-time, instructor-led (VIRI) online learning has the potential to yield comparable student performance and engagement results to that of a traditional face-to-face (F2F) course. This is of great significance since the study delves into the possibilities of synchronous online learning in environments where resources are scarce and provide valuable insights into how technology can contribute to improving medical education and accessibility to educational resources in Iran and other comparable educational contexts. The participants were 18–30-year-old male (n = 16) and female (n = 24) students of nursing (n = 20) and operating room (n = 20) who enrolled in synchronous online and face-to-face courses as the requisite for the fulfilment of a bachelor’s degree. T-tests and descriptive statistics were the.....

Article Published 2024 533 hits Available

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