Online  distance  learning,  on  the  one  side,  makes  the  learning  process  more  efficient  and  flexible.  However,  on  the  other  hand,  it  produces  learning  loss  within  a  particular  educational  period  and  makes  students  less  enthusiastic  about  building  a  collaborative  attitude.  In  general,  online  learning  platform providers have provided support for collaboration activity features, but in reality, they have not been able to support effective interaction. Experts believe that using the Personal Learning Environment (PLE) as an IT tool in the learning process can help create an effective online collaboration environment. This study found that PLE was proven to increase collaborative activities in online learning significantly.  The  reflection  feature  is  the  type  of  PLE  that  has  the  most  significant influence on creating a good collaboration environment. The research also   found   th.....

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This research measured the interaction effect among learning styles, gender, and types of mind maps on writing performance at IAIN Palangka Raya, Indonesia. The design applied a posttest quasi-experiment using a 3x2x2 analysis of variance. The study involved EFL participants comprising three groups based on learning styles (x1): auditory, visual, kinaesthetic; gender (x2): male and female; model of mind map (x3): digital mind map/DMM and paper mind map/PMM. The total participants were 30 L2 learners. Result revealed that a significant interaction among learning styles (x1), gender (x2), and types of mind map (x3) exists on the learners writing performance at the MS 129.14, F(2.30)=3.64, p=0.04. However, no interaction effect between learning styles and gender F(2.29)=0,21, p=0.81, eta 0.02; between learning styles and types of mind map F(2.29)=0.85, p=0.44, eta 0.09; between gender and types of mind map F(1.29)=0.49, p=0.49, eta 0.03 on writing performance. The main effect also confirm.....

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The Randic index R(G) of a graph G is the sum of the weights (dudv)− 12 of all edges uv in G, where du denotes the degree of vertex u. Du and Zhou [On Randic indices of trees, unicyclic graphs, and bicyclic graphs, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 111 (2011), 2760–2770] determined the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the third maximum for n ≥ 5, the fourth maximum for n ≥ 7 and the fifth maximum for n ≥ 8. Recently, Li et al. [The Randic indices of trees, unicyclic graphs and bicyclic graphs, Ars Comb. 127 (2016), 409–419] obtained the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the sixth maximum and the seventh maximum for n ≥ 9 and the eighth maximum for n ≥ 10. In this paper, we characterize the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the ninth maximum, the tenth maximum, the eleventh maximum, the twelfth maximum and the thirteenth maximum of Randic values...

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Graphene-based nanomaterials have significant potential to be used as coating materials for glass performance. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated tellurite glass was synthesized via melt-quenching and low-cost spray coating techniques for improving the optical properties in the glassy matrix. The structural properties investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the structural arrangement of an amorphous nature phase meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis proved the morphological structure images of rGO onto the tellurite glass surface. The refractive index value of rGO-coated glass was found higher in the range of 2.402 - 2.775 due to the graphene-based effects. The optical bandgap energy value of rGO-coated glass was improved from 1.913 - 2.980 eV which correlated to the changes in rGO absorption characteristics. The Urbach energy showed a high number of defects in absorption with the presence of rGO structures. By virtue of improved optical pro.....

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The genus Knema Lour. is distributed mainly in Southeast Asian and widely used in folk medicine for treating diseases such as jaundice, chronic fever, and inflammation. The chemical composition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and molecular docking studies of essential oil from Knema hookeriana Warb. were investigated in this study. The essential oil was achieved through hydrodistillation and was characterised using gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was evaluated using Ellman method while molecular docking studies were carried out using Autodock v.4.3.2. The results revealed that the essential oil examined consisted mainly of ?-caryophyllene (26.2%), germacrene D (12.5%), ?-cadinene (9.2%), germacrene B (8.8%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.5%). The essential oil showed acetylcholinesterase activity with IC50 value of 70.5 g/mL. The enzyme-ligand molecular docking study showed that ?-caryophyllene and ?.....

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The Movement Control Order (MCO) was implemented in Malaysia on 18 March 2020. The MCO has changed peoples lifestyle to some extent because they have been advised to work from home. Due to this situation, the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE) implemented online learning methods throughout the MCO period to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Therefore, all schools have implemented online teaching and learning with the instructions of the MOE as a new norm to ensure that learning sessions are not delayed. The purpose of this study was to determine the level and factors of effectiveness of online learning for secondary school students studying economics subjects during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative research design employing a questionnaire as data collection instrument. The results show that the effectiveness of online learning for economics students is at a high level. The results of the survey illustrate that most students use mobile phones and laptops.....

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[No abstract available]..

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Bantul Regency was originally a food-rich area with a rice surplus. However, in the last decade, land conversion has been converted to non-agricultural land, significantly reducing rice production and disrupting food security. Based on this background, this study was conducted to analyze processes, patterns, and spatial trends of land use conversion and their effects on food security conditions, both of which are the basis for recommending sustainable land use directions in Bantul Regency. The study was conducted using a mixed approach with the research population of all sub-districts in Bantul Regency, and the survey method was used to validate land conversion data. The variables in this study consist of (1) land conversion, including processes, patterns, and spatial trends, and (2) food security. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and field checks. Land conversion analysis uses the Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN=z-score), with data on the distribution of conv.....

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This study aims to create a thematic spatial model of environmental carrying capacity for sustainable agriculture. The model was made with interpretation, surveys, and scoring an index for each modeling unit as the maximum level of resource for all ecosystem services using a GIS. The data analysis was carried out descriptively with an environmental approach for each unit in the entire region based on the results of ecoregion and land cover overlays. The results are in the form of thematic spatial models, environmental carrying capacity, and sustainable agriculture for each data used including the activity center model. Based on the results of this study, the future implications for the environmental carrying capacity model can be the basis for making RTRW, therefore this research can be used as one of the guidelines in making policies for an area, especially related to planning that is used as strategic land for regional development planning. 2023 WITPress. All rights reserved...

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In data analysis, recognizing unusual patterns (outliers analysis or anomaly detection) plays a crucial role in identifying critical events. Because of its widespread use in many applications, it remains an important and extensive research brand in data mining. As a result, numerous techniques for finding anomalies have been developed, and more are still being worked on. Researchers can gain vital knowledge by identifying anomalies, which helps them make better meaningful data analyses. However, anomaly detection is even more challenging when the datasets are high-dimensional and multivariate. In the literature, anomaly detection has received much attention but not as much as anomaly detection, specifically in high dimensional and multivariate conditions. This paper systematically reviews the existing related techniques and presents extensive coverage of challenges and perspectives of anomaly detection within high-dimensional and multivariate data. At the same time, it provides a clear.....

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