Clove essential oil has been revealed to have a mosquito-repellent effect. Nevertheless, its application in topical preparations is minimal due to its immediate volatility. Nanoemulsion has been regarded as a promising carrier for essential oils. Here, we studied the effectiveness of cotton and polyester treated with tragacanth gum loaded with clove essential oil nanoemulsion to repel two mosquito species, namely Aedes aegypti (day biter) and Anopheles latens (night biter) for the first time. The nanoemulsion formulation was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential and polydispersity index. Tragacanth gum loaded with clove essential oil nanoemulsion formulation exhibits 98% encapsulation efficiency with a-42.3 mV zeta potential and 0.3 polydispersity index. Following 5 cycles of washing, 60% of the tragacanth gum loaded with clove essential oil nanoemulsion retained on cotton meanwhile 46.....

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Introduction: Knowledge of children’s coping is crucial to prevent psychological distress during hospitalisation. The absence of a child-report coping scale for Malaysian children poses a challenge to an objective understanding of coping. The study aimed to translate KIDCOPE-child, a child-report coping scale into Bahasa Malaysia (KIDCOPE-Malay) and report its factor structure and reliability. Materials and Method: KIDCOPE-child was translated and back-translated, and tested on ten children before a final version was produced. Children aged 7 to 12 years, who were hospitalised at the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia were conveniently sampled and invited to fill up the 15-item scale asking about their coping strategies. Results: One hundred children with a mean age of 9.83 (SD=1.58) were recruited, the majority being boys (59%), Malay (98%), and receiving treatment at paediatric surgery ward (59%) for various medical conditions. The mean of days spent in the hospital was 7.60 (SD = .....

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School refusal can lead to short and long-term impairing consequences if not treated. This case study describes the management of a 13-year-old boy who presented with school refusal comorbid with medically unexplained paralysis and depression with psychotic features. The patient underwent a psychological assessment to clarify his diagnosis, followed by developmentally appropriate cognitive behavioral therapy. With these interventions, the patient showed promising improvement in his well-being and functioning. This study illustrates a case with unique association of school refusal, depression, dissociation in conversion disorder, and psychosis. The patient’s complex comorbidity required an individualized case formulation and a systemic intervention approach for effective management. The study underscores the need for future research to focus on identifying risk factors for early detection of school refusal and exploring the role of dissociation in conversion disorder and psychosis. Sc.....

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Oral literature is the heritage and identity of the Malay nation that must be proud because it symbolises the wisdom of the previous society. Not many young generations want to defend this heritage until it is eventually lost to time. As with oral literature, Awang Batil deserves to be defended; it is not just entertainment, but the elements of wisdom contained in his performance need to be interpreted. Accordingly, this study aims to identify and discuss the elements of wisdom and intelligence in Awang Batil's performance. The main method of this study is field research through recording techniques, interviews, and direct notes. Awang Batil's performance's wisdom and intelligence are examined based on two perspectives: linguistic intelligence and musical intelligence. Linguistic intelligence discusses civilized pronunciation, language ability, and memory ability, while musical intelligence is seen from two aspects, namely musical instruments and poetry. Analysis proves that Awang Bati.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan aplikasi gamifikasi “HuH!” dalam topik Homeostasis dan Sistem Urinari Manusia seterusnya menentukan kebolehgunaannya dalam kalangan guru yang mengajar subjek Sains dan Biologi. Selain itu, tahapmotivasi dan minat pelajar terhadap pembelajaran menggunakan aplikasi gamifikasi “HuH!” turut dikenalpasti. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penyelidikan pembangunan dengan mengaplikasikan aplikasi ADDIE yang mempunyai lima fasa: analisis, reka bentuk, pengembangan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik kebolehgunaan dan borang soal selidik minat dan motivasi. Kesahan telah dijalankan terhadap aplikasi gamifikasi “HuH!” dan instrumen kajian. Kajian rintis dijalankan terhadap 30 orang guru pelatih dan 36 orang pelajar, dan nilai Cronbach Alpha adalah 0.734 dan 0.953, masing- masing bagi soal selidik kebolehgunaan serta minat dan motivasi. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 51 orang guru S.....

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High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) merupakan salah satu kaedah latihan yang dilakukan dalam tempoh waktu yang singkat serta waktu latihan berselang dengan waktu rehat. Antara kaedah latihan yang dijalankan dalam kajian ini ialah HIIT tanpa beban tambahan dan HIIT dengan beban tambahan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti kesan antara kumpulan HIIT tanpa beban tambahan dan kumpulan HIIT dengan beban tambahan terhadap kuasa, daya tahan otot dan kelajuan serta mengenalpasti hubungan di antara HIIT tanpa beban tambahan dan HIIT dengan beban tambahan. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi-eksperimen secara kaedah pindah silang. Seramai 20 sampel kajian dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu kumpulan A dan kumpulan B. Kumpulan A melakukan latihan HIIT tanpa beban tambahan minggu pertama, rehat satu minggu dan latihan HIIT dengan beban tambahan pada minggu ketiga, manakala kumpulan B melakukan latihan HIIT dengan beban tambahan pada minggu pertama, rehat satu min.....

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This study was conducted to investigate; (i) the usage of ICT among teachers involved in ETTecS programme, (ii) the type of ICT applications used by the teachers, and (iii) whether there was a strong relationship between the usage of ICT and the level of confidence among ETTecS teachers in utilizing English as the medium of instruction in their classrooms. The data were collected using questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The respondents consisted of 97 teachers who were teaching Science, Mathematics and Technical subjects from eight technical schools in Pahang. The data obtained from the questionnaire were computed and then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 12.0. The findings of the research revealed that the usage of ICT among teachers was high and they were keen and felt comfortable in using the ICT applications. In addition, the research also indicated that the ICT facilities provided by the Ministry of Education had helped the teachers to.....

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This qualitative research aimed to identify factors influencing absenteeism and its effect towards student academic achievement and emotional development in primary school students. The first objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing truancy. The second objective is to explore the effect of school attendance towards academic achievement and the third objective of this study is to explore students’ perception on school attendance and its effect towards their emotional development. The study collected views from 8 students who have been absent from school for more than 40 days per year. Data was collected by using interview, focus group discussion and document analysis. The study found that family relationships and family involvement have played a very critical role in influencing the students’ truancy habits. The study also found that absent students ended up in poor academic achievement. Study found emotional development is another important factor t.....

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The most important thing about reading is comprehension. Reading comprehension is the heart and soul of reading (Block, Gambrell & Pressley, 2003). Learning to read with good comprehension is a complex task. Comprehension is complicated and it requires strategies to construct meaning effectively. Because of its significance, this study is to investigate the strategies used by students to construct, to monitor and to evaluate what they are reading. Think-aloud protocol analysis is the method used in this study. The think-aloud protocol are the coded according to the procedure developed by Cote & Goldman (2004) which involved five concrete reading strategies: self-explanation, paraphrase, prediction, association and monitoring. The results indicate that better students used a wide range of strategies to construct meaning. Monitoring, a skill which is often cited as important to comprehension (Reutzel & Cooter, 2005) is evident in all the think-aloud protocols. The weaker students identif.....

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This study aimed to develop the Factorisation and Algebraic Fractions Mobile-learning (FAM) module and test its effectiveness on Form Two students' achievement and interest in algebra. This study uses the design and development research (DDR) approach comprised of three phases, namely, (i) need analysis, (ii) design and development, and (iii) evaluation. The FAM module was developed using the ADDIE and Mobile Edu model. Meanwhile, to evaluate the effectiveness of the FAM module, a quasi-experimental design was used, specifically the pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design involving 69 Form Two students from a secondary school in Kuala Lumpur chosen using a clustered random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, namely mean and standard deviation. Meanwhile, inferential statistics, namely t-test, MANOVA, and Pearson correlation, were used for hypothesis testing. This finding shows that the FAM module has good validity based.....

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