This study developed the Investigable Questioning Formulation Technique (IQFT) protocol to formulate investigable questions by following the procedures of design-based research. As guiding heuristics, the protocol used two provisional design principles based on teaching experience and previous studies that have applied tools for formulating questions, notably, the question formulation technique, SMART goals, and a typology of investigable and non-investigable questions. Two cycles comprising six lesson interventions were completed with two groups (n = 23, n = 25) of students in the same school in Malaysia. Questions were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and a question typology framework. Findings show the majority of students formulated comparison, exploratory, and validation of mental model questions. Some questions were posed in the prediction, descriptive, and problem-solving categories, but none were categorized as cause and effect, design and make, or pattern seeking. I.....

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The entrepreneurship education of Muslim SME millennials is still a question. This issue needs to be the main focus of developing an education model for youth that can be applied in their career and potentially become entrepreneurs who build their dynamic and successful SMEs. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of entrepreneurial spirits, namely innovative, risk-taking, and proactive, on the success of Muslim millennial SMEs. The study employed a quantitative and deductive approach. The questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. Data were gathered from a random sample of 150 respondents, comprising millennial entrepreneurs in Malaysian public universities, aged 22 to 38 years old and with at least three years of business experience. Proposed hypotheses were tested using Multiple Regression analysis. The findings reveal the significant and positive effect of innovation, risk-taking, and proactive on Muslim millennial SMEs' success, implying that a higher.....

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Purpose. research on the microstructure of practice activities has reported equivocal findings. Limited sports have been included in systematic observations. Playing form activities have not been examined for individual sports. This study scrutinized the amount of time devoted to different activities during practice and refined the usability of playing form and training form for various sports. Methods. Systematic observations were conducted in an elite sports school. Youth athletes aged 1620 years and coaches from 6 different sports (hurdling, archery, field hockey, netball, squash, volleyball) were involved. Practice activities were categorized as playing form, training form, and transition, and compared between sports. Results. The proportion of different activities conducted during practice varied for each sport and coach. Hurdlers employed the longest time on transition (43%), squash players utilized the majority of time on playing form (40%), whilst the archers and all 3 team spo.....

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This study was conducted to find out the effect of motivation and networking on the success of Muslim millennial SMEs. This study uses a quantitative and deductive approach. A questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. Data were collected from a random sample of 60 respondents, which consisted of millennial entrepreneurs in Malaysian public universities, aged around 15 years to 45 years, and had at least three years of experience in running a business. The proposed hypothesis was tested using Multiple Regression analysis. the results confirm that at least one of the tested independent variables will significantly influence the dependent variable. Therefore, the coefficient results are examined next. It was found that motivation (?=0.241, p..

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Evaluating remote sensing techniques (RST)-based water quality monitoring systems in hydrological applications is a complex multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problem due to several integrated issues. These issues include the need to consider 15 evaluation criteria, the importance of these criteria in relation to their application and network infrastructure, data variation, and trade-offs and conflicts between them. Therefore, this study proposes an MADM integrated modelling approach to weight these criteria and rank the selected RSTs using the Fuzzy Weighted with Zero Inconsistency (FWZIC) method coupled with the Vlse-kriterijumska Optimizcija I Kaompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method. First, a decision matrix was developed for the evaluation criteria and their intersection with various RSTs in different network categories. Next, the assessment criteria were weighted using FWZIC, followed by ranking the RSTs for each category using VIKOR. The findings reveal that the criteria weightin.....

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To acquire baseline data for a remote Pergau Hydroelectric Power Plant reservoir, a hydrological and water quality examination of feeder rivers and reservoir water was conducted in 2013. The water balance of the reservoir was determined, and gauging and sampling were carried out in dry and wet periods. Dilution gauging was used to estimate the feeder river discharge. The total water flow into the reservoir increases nearly fivefold between the dry and wet seasons, while river discharge increases two to fivefold. All of the river intakes had Class 1 NWQS water quality. The lakes water quality was Class 1 up to the top 3 meters, but below that, at some places, the water quality deteriorated to Class II. In the dry season, the trophic status of Pergau Reservoir is eutrophic as measured by TP (59.21) and chlorophyll-a (52.36) and the TSI (SD) was 53.93 Eutrophication occurrences will cause serious limitations in water use applicability. This research contributes to the biogeographical and .....

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To capture learners interest in reading and help them understand the content of their reading, it is important to write at a level that aligns with their reading abilities. This will motivate learners to read and comprehend the material. A CEFR-aligned textbook is a valuable tool for improving the English language skills of lower secondary learners in English Language classrooms. Therefore, it is significant to assess learners reading competence in text comprehension using a reading text from a CEFR-aligned textbook. These assessments were conducted based on a narrative text from the CEFR-aligned textbook using two different techniques: miscue analysis and retelling. The sample comprised 20 C grade learners randomly selected from Malaysian lower secondary schools. The data on miscues were analysed quantitatively, following Goodman, Watson, and Burkes In-Depth Procedure (2005). The quality of retelling was evaluated based on the criteria set by Irwin and Mitchells (1983) 5-point scoring.....

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This study aimed to investigate the chemical compositions of the leaf essential oils of Magnolia villosa (Miq.) H. Keng. and M. maingayi King. growing in Malaysia. The leaf essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analysis of M. villosa and M. maingayi leaf essential oils resulted in 96.4% and 98.7% of the total essential oil, respectively. The main components of M. villosa leaf essential oil were ?-caryophyllene (32.8%) and ?-humulene (8.8%), while in M. maingayi leaf essential oil gave ?-elemene (27.4%), ?-caryophyllene (16.4%), and (E)-nerolidol (14.4%). Anticholinesterase inhibitory activity was also evaluated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory assays. M. villosa leaf essential oil revealed a moderate inhibitory effect on AChE (percentage inhibition, I%: 62.5%) and BChE (I%: 74.8%) at a concentration of 1,000 ?g/mL. In conclusion, the leaf esse.....

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The main objective of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the Malaysian industrial production sector (IPS) by using the ARDL bounds testing methodology. The analysis is conducted by applying the time series data for the 19702020 period. From the ARDL results, all variables significantly influence Malaysian IPS in different manners for both periods; long and short runs, except the financial development (FD) variable, which insignificantly in-fluences IPS. This final result was verified by the ECM estimate, indicating the presence of long-and short-run relationships between IPS and its factors. Although the FD sector does not directly play a significant factor in stimulating Malaysian IPS growth, policymakers must revise their policies to enhance the role of the financial and banking sector in strengthening the IPS performance in the country. This revision can be done by running good financial services to fund and motivate investors to construct new IPS schemes and then .....

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In this paper, we surveyed recent publications on topic modeling and analyzed the forms of visualizations and tools used. Expectedly, this information will help Natural Language Processing (NLP) researchers to make better decisions about which types of visualization are appropriate for them and which tools can help them. This could also spark further development of existing visualizations or the emergence of new visualizations if a gap is present. Topic modeling is an NLP technique used to identify topics hidden in a collection of documents. Visualizing these topics permits a faster understanding of the underlying subject matter in terms of its domain. This survey covered publications from 2017 to early 2022. The PRISMA methodology was used to review the publications. One hundred articles were collected, and 42 were found eligible for this study after filtration. Two research questions were formulated. The first question asks, "What are the different forms of visualizations used to dis.....

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