This research aimed to propose a new multi-criteria decision-making method called “Decision by Opinion Score Method” (DOSM), which was based on the idea of an ideal solution that has been  utilized for reference comparison. This research used the TOPSIS method to design DOSM because both  depended on an ideal solution to solve the MCDM problem. Meanwhile, TOPSIS consisted of a series of  mathematical operations that has several problems, and DOSM was intended to solve these problems.   DOSM rank was obtained from direct aggregation, or compromise rank, or grey relational analysis.  The case study in a computer network was used in this research which has 9 alternatives (A1- A9)  and four criteria. Three experts were involved in the evaluation for the reference comparison  process to obtain the best alternative. The result of A9 obtained 88.8% in terms of ranking and it  was the best alternative for experts 1 and 3. For expert 2, A1 was ranked as the worst alternati.....

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Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk meneroka keberkesanan kaedah analisis fitur dalam menambahkan kosa kata Bahasa Melayu murid tahun dua sekolah Tamil. Kaedah kajian yang telah digunakan ialah kuasi eksperimental. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 60 orang murid perempuan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan iaitu, p=0.255 dalam pencapaian ujian pra antara kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Ini menunjukkan kedua-dua kumpulan boleh dikatakan setara dalam membina ayat sebelum kajian dilakukan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan iaitu (t = -6.780, df = 58, p < 0.05 ) bagi pencapaian ujian pasca antara kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Dapatan kajian seterusnya menunjukkan bahawa jumlah kosa kata kumpulan kawalan meningkat dengan kadar yang rendah iaitu, 359 patah perkataan dalam ujian pra dan 496 patah perkataan dalam ujian pasca. Dapatan juga menunjukkan peningkatan kosa kata yang tinggi bagi .....

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The river water quality worldwide has declined progressively as an implication of improper land-use practices. In this study, the Geographic Information System and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were used to determine the river water quality that is associated with various effects of land use, particularly in the north-western part of Peninsular Malaysia. The study employed secondary water quality data consisted of 22 water quality variables at four different buffer zones: 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 m. The land use data were sorted into four land use categories: agricultural, forestry, urban areas, and others. Out of 88 regression models examined, only eight significant models were obtained. The analysis indicates a weak association between the water quality and land use for nitrates (0.08< R2 < 0.14,p< 0.05) and calcium (0.10 < R 2< 0.17, p< 0.05) within all the investigated zones. Interestingly, although the catchment area is covered by 55 % of agricultural land and 35 % of the fo.....

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A single-crystalline semi-polar gallium nitride (11-22) was grown on m-plane (10-10) sapphire substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Three-step approach was introduced to investigate the grain size evolution for semi-polar (11-22) GaN. Such approach was achieved due to the optimized gallium to ammonia ratio and temperature variations, which led to high quality (11-22) oriented gallium nitride epilayers. The full width at half maximum values along (-1-123) and (1-100) planes for the overgrowth temperature of 1080°C were found to be as low as 0.37° and 0.49°, respectively. This was an indication of the enhanced coalescence and reduction in root mean square roughness as seen by atomic force microscopy. Surface analysis via atomic force microscopy indicated the orientation towards semi-polar plane. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis further indicates that higher temperature of 1080°C during the deposition of the overgrowth promoted closely packed surfac.....

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Biology subject is a part of the science curriculum ensuring that students can master in biology, aware of themselves and their environment, know the nature of science and biology as well as able to analyse the problems they encounter in daily life. Biology subject consists of many topics and concepts that must be comprehended by the students.However, there are several Biological topics that are considered difficult for many students. Thus, this study was carried out to identify the difficult topics in Form 4 biology from teachers' and students' perspectives. This study involved 352 students and 71 biology teachers from one of the districts in Selangor, Malaysia. The Biological Difficult Topics Questionnaire was used to assess the view on the difficulty of biology topics. Data from the questionnaire given were processed and analysed descriptively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The results of this study revealed that the students have difficulty l.....

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Analytical thinking is an ability that is really needed in facing the future challenges, including in the industrial era 4.0. The ability to think analytically is important for students to solve problems in a lesson, including the plant structure and function material which is commonly carried out through observation and practicum activities. Limited conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic require mastery of analytical thinking skills in students through innovative learning media. For this reason, the Virtual Reality 360 Interactive Spherical Panorama Slide Presentation (VR360-INSPIRATION) learning media was developed with a 4D research and development model which aims to improve students' analytical thinking skills. Based on the results of the media validation test, the average value was 3.53 in the valid category. The results of the parametric descriptive test and the effectiveness of the media showed that the use of VR360-INSPIRATION media was significantly different from the result.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat kesan penyebatian kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi terhadap penulisan karangan dalam kalangan 48 orang murid tahun lima yang berpencapaian rendah dan sederhana. Kajian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah jenis kebangsaan Cina di daerah Melaka Tengah, Melaka. Reka bentuk kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuasi eksperimental dengan membahagikan responden kepada dua kumpulan yang terdiri daripada dua buah kelas iaitu kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Responden kedua-dua kumpulan diberikan ujian pra dan ujian pasca untuk membandingkan prestasi penulisan karangan daripada aspek keseluruhan karangan, bilangan patah perkataan dan aspek kemahiran berfikir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan iaitu, p=0.402 dalam pencapaian ujian pra antara kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Ini menunjukkan kedua-dua kumpulan dikatakan setara sebelum kajian dilakukan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang si.....

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Kajian ini bermatlamat untuk mengkaji sejauh mana permasalahan yang berlaku berpunca daripada pembangunan guna tanah yang pesat, khususnya aktiviti perumahan dan pertanian di Hulu Lembangan Sungai Bernam. Keadaan ini meningkatkan lagi sedimen terampai di dalam sungai sehingga menjejaskan kualiti air dan warna sungai. Kedua-dua Sungai Bernam dan Sungai Inki mengalir masuk ke dalam Sungai Bernam di Pekan Tanjong Malim, Perak. Metodologi kajian melibatkan pencerapan dan pengumpulan data di lapangan di tiga stesen persampelan dari bulan Oktober 2019 sehingga Ferbruari 2020 sebelum dihantar ke makmal. Data yang diperoleh kemudiannya dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif merangkumi regresi linear dan Mann-Kendall. Dapatan daripada ujian Mann-Kendall (S) bagi lebat hujan tahunan dari tahun 1980 sehingga 2018 menunjukkan tren yang meningkat, iaitu sebanyak 67 manakala sedimen terampai tahunan dari tahun 1978 sehingga 2008 juga menunjukkan tren yang meningkat, iaitu 151......

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kualiti fiziko-kimia air di hulu lembangan Sungai Bernam kerana terdapat pembinaan kawasan perumahan yang baru dijalankan oleh pihak pemaju. Sampel air sungai di tiga stesen dicerap sebanyak seminggu sekali dari bulan Oktober 2019 sehingga Februari 2020. Kajian ini melibatkan parameter in-situ dan analisis makmal berdasarkan enam parameter iaitu oksigen terlarut (DO), pH, kehendak oksigen biokimia (BOD), keperluan oksigen kimia (COD), ammonia nitrogen (AN) dan pepejal terampai (SS). Data yang dicerap dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Sementara itu, analisis non-parametrik iaitu ujian Mann-Kendall digunakan untuk melihat trend kualiti air di stesen Pekan Tanjong Malim dari tahun 1993 hingga 2018. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Statistical Software for Excel (XLSTAT) 2020. Akhir sekali, kualiti fiziko-kimia air dikelaskan untuk mengenal pasti status kualiti air berdasarkan indeks kualiti air (IKA). Dapatan kajian b.....

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