The present study was an attempt to assess, diagnose, and enhance the listening skill of Iranian TOEFL iBT candidates through Group Dynamic Assessment (G-DA). An interactionist format of dynamic assessment was conducted in the present study. Twenty participants took part in the G-DA program which lasted for nine weeks; one week for the pre-test; seven weeks for the enrichment mediation program; and one week for the post-test. The study revealed a significant difference between the participants’ pre-test (non-dynamic) and post-test (dynamic) scores. The learning potential score (LPS) differentiated among the learners with similar pre-test scores. Finally, the analysis of the participants’ interactions with the mediator along with the LPS score helped the mediator to have a thorough diagnosis of each participant’s weaknesses regarding different sub-skills included in the listening section of the TOEFL iBT test. Consequently, the mediator was able to develop more fine-tuned individu.....

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This study aims to reveal the experiences and obstacles on distance education faced by students during the Covid-19 pandemic in Bauchi State Nigeria. A phenomenological research was adopted for the study through shorter case interview. Ten (10) senior secondary school students were selected through purposeful and snow-ball sampling for the study. Thematic analysis was used to synthesize the data collected and highlight key findings. The results indicate that the students views were categorized into positive and negative while the obstacles faced were technical, pedagogical, environment and longing for school. Recommendations were offered to overcome and understand these obstacles to benefit teachers, students and curriculum developers in the future.  ..

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Open Distance Education (ODE) in the Philippines was institutionalized through Republic Act Number 10650. Ifugao State University started offering distance education in the graduate programs in 2006. The study focused to determine the experiences and challenges of the graduates of the university’s ODE program, and how they hurdled the challenges they encountered as students. The phenomenological method was applied with an unstructured interview guide as a way of gathering data. Follow up questions were asked through online communication among the participants until data saturation. There were 11 graduates coming from Africa, Lao PDR, Ireland, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, United States of America and Vietnam who participated in the study. Data gathered were analyzed and interpreted. Results disclosed that the graduates experienced a very well-designed, learner-centered, research-based, and relevant curricular programs; the instructional delivery mode was innovative, learner-orient.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina instrumen hubungan tingkah laku dan persekitaran ke atas peratus lemak tubuh dalam kalangan murid perempuan sekolah rendah 10 dan 11 tahun di daerah Hulu Langat, Selangor. Kajian ini dijalankan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah rekabentuk korelasi. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai n=250 orang murid perempuan sekolah rendah yang dipilih dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak gabungan (mudah, berlapis dan sistematik). Kajian telah dijalankan dalam tiga fasa iaitu fasa pertama untuk membangunkan instrumen dan mendapatkan kesahan kandungan daripada pakar bahasa dan pakar bidang, fasa kedua pula adalah kajian rintis bagi mendapatkan kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan item instrumen soal selidik. Manakala bagi fasa ketiga merupakan kajian sebenar yang dijalankan dalam kajian ini. Instrumen di dalam kajian ini menggunakan instrumen soal selidik tingkahlaku dan persekitaran sebanyak 45 item soalan. Instrumen soal selidik mempunyai dua gagas.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara pengupayaan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru di sekolah rendah Daerah Hulu Selangor. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah tinjauan telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik. Seramai 152 orang guru telah dipilih melalui kaedah pensampelan rawak mudah yang terdiri daripada guru di 11 buah sekolah rendah di daerah Hulu Selangor. Data yang telah dikumpul, dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensi. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menjelaskan tahap pengupayaan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru. Analisis inferensi pula adalah ujian-t dan korelasi Pearson yang digunakan untuk menerangkan perbezaan serta hubungan antara pemboleh ubah kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap pengupayaan guru (Min = 3.71, SP = .380) dan efikasi kendiri guru (Min = 3.78, SP = .408) adalah pada tahap tinggi. Keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan pandangan.....

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Language proficiency tests have adopted various types of items which include multiple-choice questions (MCQ). Designing MCQ needs a longer time to be completed despite being perceived as easy to administer and mark. After the administration and marking process are completed, the test needs to be analysed to determine the index of facility, discrimination power and distractor efficiency. This study aimed to scrutinise those indices and determine if there is an association between the indices with the functionality of the distractors in an intermediate English Proficiency course final examination paper. With the use of QUEST software, the data were computed to get the difficulty and discrimination indices, and distractor efficiency.The finding showed that there is no clear association between facility and discrimination indices with the distractor efficiency. This study found that certain items had acceptable indices despite having poor or non-functional distractor and certain items had .....

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The sound knowledge of Biology is, to date, is a strong prerequisite to study many Biological and Life Sciences, examples of which include Physiology, Forensic Science, Pharmacy, Medicine, Nursing, Biochemistry, to mention a few. These fields, amongst others, rely on a very important aspect of Biology known as Genetics, which is the study of heredity and variation in living organisms. The field of Genetics intersects with many other life sciences. However, students’ attempts of questions on Genetics in internal and external examinations in senior secondary schools in Nigeria have been very poor over the years because they find the concepts of Genetics hard to understand. The need, therefore, arises to look for ways of dealing with this prolonged problem. This study, therefore, attempted to develop an institutional package and also surveyed the extent to which it is adequate for instructional delivery. The Instrumentation design describes the processes of package development based on .....

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Programming is an excellent approach to cultivating computational thinking (CT) skills lacking among current engineering undergraduate students. Although highly useful in teaching programming skills, physical, tangible programming tools available in the market are limited to users aged 12 and below, a gap that impedes the effort to cultivate problem-solving skills and computational thinking among engineering students. As a result, many students who join engineering programmes are without solid computer programming skills. This paper proposes a method to tackle the said gap by applying physical programming education blocks. The programming blocks have various logical functions and input-output capabilities that allow decision-making, looping, and function calling. Users can build their logical thinking skills in the form of cause-and-effect analysis using the play method. Through this approach, students can enhance their programming skills, which improves their computational thinking ab.....

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This study aimed to assess the level of foundational skills of graduate employees in Edo and Delta States using Business Education) graduates as a case study. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Adescriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population was 1,016 supervisors with a sample size of 309 determined by using the proportionate stratified sampling technique. A structuredquestionnaire was used to collect data. Reliability of the instrument was determined by using Cronbach Alpha reliability method and an overall reliability coefficient of 0.79 was obtained. Data relating to the research questions wereanalyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviations. The t-test was used to test null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the supervisors rated application of all the aspects of foundational skills by Business Education graduates to be moderately applied. From the findings, it was concluded that the l.....

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Online formative assessment in higher education Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is gaining attention in recent years based on the increasing use of online learning. This study, aimed at critically reviewing studies on online formative assessment in Higher education STEM between 2011 to 2020. The study adopted a qualitative research design to analyze studies based on specific themes. 1402 articles were systematically searched through Scopus, web of science, and google scholar databases. However, only 12 studies were included in this study after satisfying the inclusion criteria. All data analyses were done using the Endnote X9 reference manager. The findings reveal that, evidence about online tools used, theories used in the learning and assessment process, the domain of learning outcome assessed, assessment of practical skills, and form of assessment used have been implicitly described. However, the online formative assessments have shown great potential of yieldi.....

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