Futsal is a high intensity team sport game that demands a high physical, technical and tactical ability. The elements of kicking and jumping demands a strong lower body, in which quadriceps act as the primary muscles, whereas the hamstring act as the balancer of the knee joint. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of eccentric strength training and static stretch on hamstring flexibility among futsal players. 10 recreational male futsal players (n=10) recruited from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Samarahan for the study. Subjects were randomlyassigned into two groups comprised of eccentric strength training group and static stretching group. Eccentric strength training performed the Nordic hamstring exercise while, static stretch group performed static stretching exercise. All participants went through a 4 weeks program respectively to the set group, with 3 sessions each week. Sit and reach flexibility test was measured. Both groups showed a significant improvement in h.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti kesan latihan kemahiran psikologi Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) ke atas tekanan emosi dalam kalangan pemain bola jaring berumur 10 dan 11 tahun. Sampel kajian adalah terdiri daripada 10 orang pemain yang berumur 10 tahun dan 10 orang berumur 11 tahun (N = 20). Data kajian ini diperoleh melalui skor borang soal selidik Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) untuk mengukur tahap tekanan emosi. Analisis nilai min dan peratusan digunakan untuk melihat tahap tekanan emosi manakala ujian Mixed Anova digunakan untuk mengkaji kesan latihan PMR terhadap kumpulan rawatan iaitu pemain bola jaring yang menyertai Karnival Tunas Mini Olimpik (KATMO). Subjek dibahagikan kepada kumpulan kawalan yang menjalani sesi menyejukkan badan seperti biasa manakala kumpulan rawatan menjalani PMR. Hasil kajian menunjukkan perbezaan kesan yang signifikan antara skor kumpulan kawalan dan rawatan, F(1, 18) = 50.22, p = .00, ηp 2 = 0.74) di mana kumpulan rawatan .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti dan membandingkan tahap kesedaran risiko dan tingkahlaku selamat “altruistic” antara jantina di samping mengkaji hubungan antara keduanya dalam kalangan para peserta semasa aktiviti rekreasi dalam Program Bina Insan Guru (BIG). Satu set soal selidik telah digunakan terhadap seramai 81 pelajar tahun akhir Fakulti Pendidikan, KUIS di Raub, Pahang. Soal selidik terdiri daripada dua pembolehubah, iaitu kesedaran terhadap risiko dan tingkah laku keselamatan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kesedaran yang tinggi tentang risiko semasa aktiviti rekreasi. Analisis ujian T menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam kesedaran risiko dan tingkah laku keselamatan antara jantina. Analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kesedaran risiko (peraturan keselamatan) dan tingkahlaku keselamatan “altruistic”. Implikasi kajian ini adalah pengurus rekreasi dan universiti perlu mengambil kira kepelbag.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidik kesan umur relatif dalam kalangan atlet bola jaring Malaysia dalam kejohanan MSSM, SUKMA dan Kebangsaan. Seramai 691 orang (B12 (n=180); B15 (n=156); B18 (n=180); SUKMA (n=132) dan kejohanan kebangsaan (n=122) dipilih sebagai responden kajian. Tarikh lahir mereka dikumpul mengikut suku tahun dan taburan dianalisis dengan ujian Khi Kuasa Dua (χ2). Kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat kesan umur relatif terhadap semua kategori atlet bola jaring yang mana atlet yang dilahirkan pada awal tahun adalah lebih ramai berbanding hujung tahun. Secara keseluruhan, atlet yang lahir pada suku tahun pertama (Januari ke Mac) adalah 3.6 kali ganda dari bilangan atlet yang lahir pada suku tahun keempat (Oktober ke Disember). Kajian ini mencadangkan atlet bola jaring dipilih berdasarkan kelebihan saiz fizikal kerana kematangan biologi untuk kategori bawah 12 dan 15 tahun sementara untuk kategori 18 tahun ke atas, pemilihan mereka adalah berdasarkan pengalaman dari kuali.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tiga tujuan utama iaitu: (1) mengenal pasti tahap tret personaliti di kalangan pegawai sukan di UKM; (2) untuk mengenal pasti tahap prestasi kerja di kalangan pegawai sukan di UKM; (3) untuk mengkaji hubungan antara tret personaliti dan prestasi kerja di kalangan pegawai sukan di UKM. 44 item Questionnaire Inventori Besar Lima (BFI) diadaptasi daripada John dan Srivastava (1999) yang mempunyai lima dimensi, iaitu Ekstraversi, Kesedaran, Keterbukaan fikiran, Kesetujuan dan Neurotisme. Prestasi kerja diukur dengan menggunakan markah daripada Sistem Penilaian Prestasi (SPPP). Soal selidik ini melibatkan responden daripada kalangan pegawai sukan (N = 36) di UKM. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahawa min tertinggi bagi tret personaliti adalah Keterbukaan fikiran dengan nilai min (M = 3.70) dan tahap prestasi kerja adalah sangat tinggi (M = 92.98). Di samping itu, hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tret personaliti dan prest.....

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Leptin is known to increase glucose metabolism and energy expenditure while insulin increases glucose uptake into peripheral tissue. However, in obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, high levels of both leptin and insulin are observed, indicating resistance to these two hormones in these individuals. It is unclear if elevated leptin levels are the cause of insulin resistance in these individuals. Physical exercise is known to be useful in the management of obesity and T2DM. It has been found that exercise can decrease bodyweight and increase glucose uptake in these individuals following exercise. This study aims to determine the effect of chronic leptin treatment and exercise on body weight, serum glucose and insulin levels of Sprague-Dawley rat. Eight-week old rats were treated with either intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (Control; n=8), or leptin (60 μg/kg body weight/day; Leptin; n=8), or leptin and exercise (60 μg/kg body weight/day plus running on a tread.....

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the needs of the Special Needs Career Transition Program in school. The Special Needs Students Career Transition Program was implemented to prepare the Special Needs Students with basic and vocational skills as well as individual employment aspects. The objective of the study were to (1) Identify the level of preparedness among Special Education Teachers in the implementation of the Career Transition Program for Special Needs students in the Special Education Integrated Program (SEIP), (2) Identify the Special Needs students preparedness level in implementing the Career Transition Program at SEIP, and (3) Identify the policy compliance and guidelines in the implementation of the Career Transition Program at SEIP. The research methodology uses the literature review method and case study to answer the research questions. The sample was used to review the case studies of implementation of the Career Transition Program in schools and the literature r.....

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Women are likely to leave the job sector as a result of the crisis between their commitments to the career with the household  interest.  In  response  to  this  issue,  this  study  aims  to  build  a  career  challenge  model  that  caters  to  the demand  among  women  in  this  century.  Hence,  this  study  has  identified  the  key  factors  to  the  challenges  faced  by female  engineers  in  pursuing  theircareer  as  an  engineer  through the  Delphi  Modified  Technique.  The  result  shows this study looking into the relationship between four independent constructs namely, life balance, childcare, leaves and gender discrimination. Meanwhile, the dependent construct of this study is career challenges faced by women. The scope of the study comprises female engineers with families  and 211 respondents  were selected to answer the questionnaire. The data obtained were analysed using the PLS-SEM 2.0 software via the algorithm,.....

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Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) acts as a coating material for a magnesium-layered hydroxide-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propionate (MLH-MPP) nanocomposite via spontaneous selfassembly. The resulting product is called a magnesium-layered hydroxide-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)pro pionate/carboxymethylcellulose (MLH-MPP/CMC) nanocomposite. The XRD pattern of the MLH-MPP/CMC nanocomposite showed that MPP was maintained in the interlayers of the MLH, thus confirming that CMC is only deposited on the surface of the MLH-MPP nanocomposite. These findings were also supported by FTIR spectra, SEM and TEM. TGA data showed that the thermal stability of the intercalated MPP was significantly enhanced compared to pure MPP and uncoated nanocomposite. The release of MPP from the interlayers of MLH-MPP/CMC nanocomposite showed slower release than did uncoated nanocomposite and followed pseudo– second-order kinetics. Since the herbicide, MPP was released from the synthesised nanocomposite in a sustained manner, thus, it .....

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This study examined the efficiency of callus induction on optimum concentrations of NAA (αnaphthaleneacetic acid) and BAP (6-benzyladenine) from culturing stem and leaf explants of finger eggplant (Solanum sp.) and investigated the phytochemical constituents of callus tissue. Seeds were sterilized by using 3 and 5 % Clorox solution, which gave the highest number of survival seeds (100 %) and were grown in vitro plantlets. The highest frequency of callus induction (100.00 ± 0.00 %) was obtained from stems and leaf explants that were excised from in vitro plantlets. The stem explants cultured on MS medium consisted of 1.0 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L BAP, giving the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.14 ± 0.05 g). Meanwhile, the leaf explants cultured on MS medium consisted of 0.5 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP, generating the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.48 ± 0.10 g). The highest frequency of callus induction (88.00 ± 1.60 %) was obtained in solidified MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L .....

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