Entamoeba infection is still widespread in Malaysia’s rural area particularly among Orang Asli communities which usually associated with poverty and lack of sanitation. Due to scarce information on these Entamoeba infections in Slim River, Perak we conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors towards this infection. A total of 55 stool samples from voluntary participants with and without symptoms of amoebiasis were collected and examined using PCR technique. PCR analysis showed 16.4% stool samples were detected positive for Entamoeba spp., discriminated as 7.3% that were positive for E. histolytica and 9.1% for E. dispar. No E. moshkovskii was detected at all. Factors such as indiscriminate defecation, improper sewage disposal and not washing hand after playing with soil or gardening showed significant association with E. histolytica infection; while gastrointestinal symptom such as vomiting was associated with E. dispar infection. In conclusion, the.....

767 hits

The fermented liquid of Citrulus lanatus (Egusi) pod was observed to have a herbicidal behavior after discarding it on grasses in the process of removing the seed from the pod which includes washing and filteration. Preliminary studies like phytochemical screening, physicochemical analysis (colour, pH, chloride, phosphate, phosphorus, total alkalinity, odour) and heavy metals (Zn and Cu) determination were carried out on the fermented Egusi pod liquid. The phytochemical screening showed that steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, terpenoids and triterpenes were present, while phenol, alkaloids, glycosides, anthracenes and flavonoids were absent. The physical analysis showed that the fermented liquid colour is creamy, turbid in appearance, a pH of 4.59, with an objectionable odour. The chemical analysis showed the absence of chloride, total alkalinity and total hardness. The total amount of phosphate and phosphorus present were 217.8 mg/L (4.35%) and 71.03 mg/L (1.42%) respectively, while t.....

634 hits

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti perlakuan metakognitif murid Tingkatan Empat dalam  menyelesaikan masalah Matematik.  Secara  spesifiknya  kajian  ini  mengenal  pasti  perbezaan  tahap  perlakuan  metakognitif  murid  dalam menyelesaikan  masalah  Matematik  berdasarkan  jantina  dan  tahap  pencapaian  Matematik  mereka.  Kajian  ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif  dengan reka bentuk kaedah tinjauan. Instrumen yang digunakan ialah borang soal  selidik  metakognitif  yang  merangkumi  konstruk  kesedaran,  strategi  kognitif,  perancangan  dan  pengesanan kendiri serta menggunakan instrumen ujian. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap perlakuan  metakognitif murid Tingkatan Empat  dalam  menyelesaikan  masalah  bagi  konstruk  kesedaran,  strategi  kognitif,  perancangan  dan  pengesanan kendiri adalah tinggi. Hasil analisis ujian-t  menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan signifikan antara tahap perlakuan  metakognitif  murid  berda.....

698 hits

Makalah ini membincangkan satu kaedah pembinaan lengkungan peralihan berbentuk C yang memenuhi syaratsyarat data interpolasi Hermite 2 . G Lengkungan peralihan ini dibina berasaskan gabungan dua pilin kuadratik nisbah Bezier atau gabungan bersama satu segmen garis lurus bagi mencapai keselanjaran 1 G pada keseluruhan binaan. Kaedah analisis geometri bersama syarat kemonotonan suatu lengkungan kuadratik nisbah Bezier telah digunakan bagi mencapai objektif kajian. Hasil kajian yang dicapai adalah satu teknik pembinaan yang membolehkan kita memperolehi lengkungan peralihan secara terus, mudah diaplikasikan serta tanpa perlu menggunakan sebarang prosedur tranformasi affin. Syarat untuk lengkungan peralihan ini terhasil ditentukan oleh data Hermite 2G yang diberi dan kepelbagaiannya pula dikawal oleh panjang segmen garis lurus yang menghubungkan kedua-dua pilin berkenaan. Keupayaan memenuhi sifat-sifat interpolasi ini memberi banyak kelebihan dan amat sesuai untuk aplikasi tertentu di dalam.....

383 hits

Hasil analisis keperluan  dan kajian-kajian  lepas menunjukkan  bahawa perlaksanaan  Massive Open  Online Course  (MOOC)  masih  belum  mencapai  sasaran  Kementerian  Pendidikan  Malaysia.  Maka, kajian  ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan modul e-pentaksiran untuk MOOC Kimia dan mengkaji persepsi daripada 129 orang responden dalam kalangan pelajar Ijazah Sarjana Muda Pendidikan Kimia. Kajian  ini adalah kajian reka bentuk dan pembangunan menggunakan model ADDIE. Instrumen kajian yang terlibat adalah borang penilaian kesahan kandungan modul, soal selidik kebolehpercayaan modul dan soal selidik persepsi. Hasil kajian  menunjukkan  bahawa  nilai  S-CVI/Ave  yang  diperoleh  bagi  389  item  dalam  penilaian  kesahan kandungan  modul  adalah  1.00.  Seterusnya,  nilai  Cronbach’s  alpha  yang  diperoleh  bagi kebolehpercayaan modul adalah 0.97. Nilai min dan sisihan  piawai bagi persepsi pelajar terhadap modul e-pentaksiran adalah 3.44 dan 0.58 mas.....

931 hits

It has been usually assumed that a sample data is normally distributed when the sample size is at  least 30. This is the general rule in using central limit theorem based on the sample size being  greater or equal to 30. Many literary works  also  assumed  normality  when  sample  size  is  at  least  30. This  study  aims  to  determine  the least  required sample  size   that  satisfy    normality   assumption  from  three   non-normal  distributions,   Poisson,   Gamma  and  Exponential distributions. Computer simulations are carried out to study the least required sample  size for the three distributions. Through the study, it is found that sample data from Poisson and  Gamma distributions need sample size less than 30, while Exponential needs more than 30 to achieve normality...

645 hits

A  Schiff  base ligand,  4-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-allylideneamino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one  has been synthesized by the condensation of Methoxycinnamaldehyde and 4-aminoantipyrine. Its  divalent metal complexes of Co, Ni, and Cu were also synthesized using the mechanochemical  solvent-free method. The ligand and the complexes were characterized by FTIR, UV/visible, ¹H NMR,  ¹³C NMR, and GC-MS. The ligand behaved as a bidentate donor by using its carbonyl and azomethine N  as binding sites for the metals. The ligand showed low activity against some microbes but the  complexes were remarkably active against the fungi species.  ..

666 hits

Shellfish is an important source of food and plays a significant role in human nutrition and health. However, shellfish allergy is a long-lasting disorder which mostly persists throughout life and is often associated with severe reactions [1]. Among the various consumed shellfish, prawns and crabs are the most widely consumed and can lead to the most severe reactions. At present, allergies to shellfish are diagnosed similarly to other food allergies. The diagnosis relies upon careful evaluation of history, the presence of appropriate clinical signs and confirmation with in vivo or in vitro tests to demonstrate the presence of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) [2]. However, both in vivo or in vitro diagnostic approaches are mainly based on the use of crude allergen extracts. Crude allergen extracts are obtained from biological sources and consist of mixture of allergenic components with high amounts of undesirable products that can interfere with diagnosis. In many cases, only fe.....

972 hits

This study aims to determine the particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentrations and the comfort parameters (total bacterialm counts (TBC), total fungal counts (TFC), relative humidity and temperature) in a university building. The samplings were carried out in three different indoor areas, including lecture hall, laboratory and lecturer office. PM2.5 samples were collected over a period of 8 h sampling using a low volume sampler (LVS). The anemometer Model Kestrel 0855YEL was used to measure relative humidity and temperature parameters. The sampling of airborne microorganisms was conducted by using microbial sampler at 350 L air sampled volume. The results showed that the highest average of PM2.5 was at lecture hall (88.54 ± 26.21 μgm-3) followed by lecturer office (69.79 ± 19.06 μgm-3) and laboratory (47.92 ± 24.88 μgm-3). The mean of TBC and TFC readings recorded as follow; 32.71 ± 5.91 cfu m-3 and 76.71 ± 21.5 cfu m-3 for laboratory, 112.1 ± 29.06 cfu m-3 and 124.67 ± 23.3.....

813 hits

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti wujudnya hubungan antara budaya sekolah dengan komitmen organisasi dalam kalangan guru-guru Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK) Zon Sentul, Kuala Lumpur. Reka bentuk kajian yang digunakan adalah kajian kuantitatif statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Kajian ini adalah penyelidikan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Satu set soal selidik elemen budaya sekolah dan komitmen organisasi yang diubahsuai daripada "School Culture Triage Survey" dan "Employee Commitment Survey" yang terdiri daripada 48 item skala Likert telah digunakan. Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 23. Pemilihan responden kajian dijalankan secara pensampelan rawak mudah yang melibatkan guru-guru yang berkhidmat di 36 buah sekolah kebangsaan (SK) yang terdapat di Zon Sentul. Populasi yang telah dikenal pasti adalah seramai 2250 orang guru maka saiz sampel yang dipilih adalah seramai 327 orang guru (Krejcie & Morgan, 1970). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan wujudny.....

1034 hits