A coastal tourist area is a natural resource of non-market goods where its economic value is important to assess and should be calculated due to the available resources to maintain for further generation use. The economic value of coastal tourist area was determined by the willingness to pay (WTP) among the tourist to assess to the tourist site. This article aims to determine the economic value of coastal tourist area in Pasir Bogak beach, Pangkor Island using Travel Cost Method (TCM). By adopting the travel cost method (TCM), the individual travel costs and expenses paid by local tourists for their visit to the coastal tourist area in Pasir Bogak beach were measured. A total of 64 local tourists were selected as respondents of the survey method. The findings suggested that the mean of the total expenses paid by an individual tourist for the duration of between two to three days stay in Pasir Bogak Beach was around RM 219.39 per visit. The studies show that Pasir Bogak beach receive le.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membina Modul Love Biology dan menilai kesannya terhadap pencapaian kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi (KBAT) serta hubungan minat dengan KBAT pelajar. Pembinaan modul ini berdasarkan pembelajaran inkuiri dan koperatif dalam Bab 8: Ekosistem Dinamik. Kajian ini menggunakan dua jenis rekabentuk iaitu rekabentuk pembangunan bagi membangunkan modul menggunakan Model Sidek dan Jamaludin dan rekabentuk kuasi eksperimen untuk menentukan kesan modul terhadap KBAT. Pemilihan responden kajian dijalankan secara pensampelan rawak berkelompok melibatkan 86 orang pelajar tingkatan empat aliran sains yang mengambil mata pelajaran Biologi dari dua buah sekolah di daerah Betong, Sarawak. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 43 orang pelajar kumpulan rawatan dan 43 orang pelajar kumpulan kawalan. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan mendapat kesahan peratus persetujuan pakar yang tinggi untuk ujian pencapaian pra dan pasca (100%) dan soal selidik (93.2%) serta kebolehpercayaan yang.....

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Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dengan komitmen organisasi dalam kalangan Ketua Panitia sekolah rendah di Zon Keramat, Kuala Lumpur. Kajian ini menggunakan Inventori Kepuasan Kerja Herzberg dan Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ). Seramai 251 orang Ketua Panitia daripada 25 buah sekolah yang terpilih terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan kaedah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferens. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kepuasan kerja mempengaruhi komitmen organisasi (β = 0.772, p < 0.05). Kajian juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara kepuasan kerja berdasarkan jantina t=(251; p=0.363) = 0.911, p > 0.05 dan umur, F(3,247; p=0.297)= 1.23, p > 0.05. Pengalaman mengajar didapati mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan komitmen organisasi F(2,248; p=0.044) = 3.171, p < 0.05. Pengalaman sebagai Ketua Panitia didapati mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepuasan kerja F(2,248; .....

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Kajian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  memencilkan  dan  mencirikan  aminoasilase  termostabil daripada bakterium termofilik.  Dalam pemencilan bakterium, sampel air dan sedimen telah   diperolehi   dari  Air  Panas  Ulu  Slim,  Perak.  Aminoasilase   SZN  termostabil diekstrak   secara intrasellular dan ditulenkan sehingga homogen dengan menggunakan kromatografi   pertukaran    ion  dan  pengasingan   saiz  dalam  eksperimen   seterusnya. Aminoasilase  SZN yang tulen telah  dicirikan pada pelbagai  suhu, pH, ion logam dan perencat.  Kajian  struktur  lebih  lanjut   menggunakan  spektrokopi  sirkular  dikroisma dilakukan  bagi menentukan  kestabilan  a-heliks dan  lembaran     dalam pelbagai  suhu. Penghasil    aminoasilase    termofilik    yang    dipencilkan     itu    dikenalpasti    sebagai Geobacillus  sp.  strain  SZN.  Aminoasilase  SZN  dicirikan   sebagai  enzim  termostabil dengan  aktiviti  .....

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Analisis tekstual hadis Rasulullah SAW masih tidak meliputi seluruh aspek kepemimpinan baginda. Kajian kritis wacana kepemimpinan dalam rumah tangga baginda perlu sebagai model masyarakat. Konflik timbul dalam rumah tangga akibat kurang persefahaman antara pasangan. Permasalahan ini perlu kembali kepada rujukan agama yang telah dipraktis oleh baginda Rasulullah SAW sebagai model qiwiimah rumah tangga. Praktis kepemimpinan baginda terangkum dalam bentuk wac ana hadis terutamanya hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Aisyah r.a .. OIeh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenaI pasti ciri-ciri bahasa kepemimpinan rumah tangga baginda dan amalan wacana dalam periwayatan hadis. Data dikumpuI daripada sebelas buah hadis mengenai peristiwa-peristiwa utama yang berlaku dalam rumah tangga baginda yang diambil daripada kitab hadis Sahih Al-Bukhariy. Analisis dibuat menggunakan pendekatan Model Tiga Dimensi Fairclough (1995) dalam analisis wacana kritis yang menganggap bahasa adalah satu bentuk.....

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Up to now, no individual study on Kuwait with respect to the underground economy and tax evasion has been conducted using the recent adjusted form of currency demand function model (CDFM) before. This paper estimates the size of underground economy behind tax evasion from 1991: Q1 to 2010: Q4. It applies the Zivot-Andrews (ZA) procedure for the stationarity analysis, and Gregory-Hansen (GH) long run cointegrating technique for estimating the underground economy based on the adjusted currency demand function approach. While the general-to-specific technique is used to estimate the short-run error correction model. Toda-Yamamoto test is also used to explore the causal relationship between the underground economy and the non-oil tax revenues' variable. It finds that the averaged sizes of the underground economy and the tax evasion to the official gross domestic product (GDP) in Kuwait constituted about 24.95%, and 2.83% respectively.    ..

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Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is an illustration of effective partnering and collaboration practices between upstream and downstream points in a supply chain. VMI policy is an integrating decision between a supplier and the customers in which the supplier takes the accountability of sustaining the customers’ inventory while confirming that no stock-out. The supplier indicates when each delivery time takes place, so that the customers are no longer responses to the customers' orders. Under the VMI system, the planning is proactive as it is based on the available information rather than reactive to customers' orders. Consequently, in this paper, we expected that the demand at the construction sites are constant and stationary, and the construction consolidation centre (CCC) is implementing a VMI system. The concentration of this paper is to minimize the transportation and inventory holding costs of the customers for a two-stage supply chain system in the construction industry. The pro.....

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Mushrooms are considered as an environmentally-friendly crops by using agricultural waste as substrate, while spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is reusable. However, mushroom cultivation waste (MCW) to be managed in environmentally-friendly is not much practiced by agripreneurs that led impact to the environment. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the level of agripreneurs' readiness on environmentallyfriendly management in post-harvest stage. It also evaluated the method of obtaining information regarding MCW management. Survey and interview were conducted involving 40 agripreneurs who were participants of the Young Mushroom Agripreneur Project Package Course. The results showed that agripreneurs knew and aware of caring the environmental quality when dealing with MCW, but most of them did not manage in a proper way, despite received advices from agency. Expanding agripreneurs awareness, skills capabilities in post-harvest techniques, and building-up networking with agencies and .....

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The present study is aimed to profile the prevalence and determine the risk of aeroallergen sensitization including fungi on gender, ethnicity, and age groups. 225 of the university community population were interviewed using a standard questionnaire by allergists to collect information on demographic including gender, ethnicity, and age. To confirm the prevalence of the aeroallergens sensitization, the gold standard procedure, i.e. skin prick testing was performed using commercial aeroallergens. Of the subjects, 93 (41.3%) were categorised as atopic. The most prevalent positive SPT among the general and the atopic population were house dust mites, (32.4%; 78.5%), followed by German cockroach (20%; 48.3%), fungal (7.55%; 18.2%), and cat dander (4.8%; 11.8%) respectively. The prevalence of fungi sensitization among the atopic population is doubled to the general population and considerably high compared to the World Allergy report. Among the 17 fungal sensitized subjects, 9 (52.9%) were.....

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This article is related to Adult Education among the Malays in Johor in the days before independence, which is around 1950 to 1956. The British colonial upbringing the pattern of education in Johor changed the structure of education that was initially traditional and more religious based. However, this cycle began to change slowly in the consciousness of the Malays towards education in the form of socialization in order to achieve better social mobility, not only to individuals but also to the entire community. Adult Education was first introduced in Johor as the community began to take the concept of wide and global education. The production of this article is to see the development of Adult Education in Johor and the impact of the community socialization among adults in Johor. This study uses qualitative methods by analyzing data and sources based on references in archives and libraries. This study was prepared and evaluated based on references to the primary and secondary sources fr.....

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