Kajian ini bertujuan membangun dan mengkaji kesan Modul Basic Concepts in Genetics (BCG) terhadap penguasaan dan kerangka alternatif konsep asas genetik pelajar Biologi. Konsep asas genetik yang dikaji ialah gen (KG), kromosom (KK), hubungan gen, kromosom dan DNA (HGK) serta hubungan pembahagian sel dan pewarisan (HPP). Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan reka bentuk kajian pembangunan berpandukan Model Sidek dan Jamaludin. Reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen digunakan bagi menentukan keberkesanan modul. Seramai 64 pelajar tingkatan empat dari dua buah sekolah di daerah Tawau dipilih melalui persampelan rawak berstrata yang terdiri daripada 34 pelajar kumpulan eksperimen dan 30 pelajar kumpulan kawalan. Instrumen kajian ialah Soal Selidik Persepsi Terhadap Modul dan Ujian Pencapaian Konsep Asas Genetik. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan Modul BCG mempunyai kesahan yang baik dengan indeks kesahan 0.94. Hasil analisis terhadap persepsi pelajar.....

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Designing a questionnaire is one of the most difficult challenges in research design, particularly when deciding which level of Likert point scale is appropriate for the instrumentation. Suitable Likert point scale used in the instrumentation able to reduce the risk of facing potential problems of not achieving reliability (indicator and internal consistency reliability) and validity (convergent validity, discriminating validity, and construct validity) and simultaneously preventing the occurrence of multicollinearity. This study compares the performance of reliability and validity of measurement construct in Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) by using Likert 5-point Likert scale, 6-point Likert scale, 7-point Likert scale, 9-point Likert scale, and 10-point Likert scale. The study uses primary data based on a questionnaire data collection method which involves 100 samples from similar population characteristics for each Likert. The data were analysed using Smart-PLS software. The resu.....

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The main aim of this study was to articulate the green distribution and physical evidence practices required by polythene manufacturing companies for consumers’ sustainability in South-South Nigeria. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in the six States of South-South Nigeria. The population for the study was 323 comprising of 35 Marketing Lecturers, 60 Managers of polythene manufacturing companies, and 223 polythene consumers in South-South Nigeria. Due to the manageable size of the population, no sample was drawn. A structured questionnaire and focus group discussion (FGD) guide were the instruments used to collect data. The research instruments were validated by five experts. The reliability of the instruments was ascertained by the use of Cronbach Alpha reliability method. The total reliability yielded a co-efficient of 0.89, which indicated that the instruments were highly reliable. The questionnaire was administered directly.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penglibatan ibu bapa di prasekolah mempengaruhi pertumbuhan emosi positif kanak-kanak. Tiga objektif kajian telah dibina: mengenal pasti perkembangan emosi kanak-kanak, meneroka kesesuaian aktiviti dan mengenal pasti tanggungjawab ibu bapa dalam mempengaruhi pertumbuhan emosi kanak-kanak prasekolah. Kajian ini dijalankan di sebuah prasekolah di Bagan Datuk, Perak. Seramai 15 orang kanak-kanak berumur di antara 5 hingga 6 tahun bersama-sama 15 orang waris mereka telah dipilih sebagai responden melalui persampelan mudah dimensional. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif yang melibatkan reka bentuk kajian ekploratori. Dapatan kajian bagi setiap objektif adalah berdasarkan data yang dikutip melalui pemerhatian, senarai semak dan temu bual semi struktur. Semasa proses pemerhatian dijalankan, rakaman video dilakukan semasa aktiviti ‘Hari Riang Ria Berganding Bahu Bersama Ibu Bapa Prasekolah’ untuk merekod data. Senarai semak pula digu.....

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This paper elaborates the geo-politics, the American security Alliance and the North East Asian regional stability during the Cold War period (especially in the early decades after the outbreak of the Cold War in Asia). The American security alliance in the North East Asian region is different with the American security alliance in the other region. The American formed bilateral security alliance with the pro-American powers in the North East Asian region; The U.S.-Japan Alliance 1951, The U.S.-South Korea Bilateral Agreement 1953 and the U.S.- Republic of China (Taiwan) in 1954. These bilateral agreements that were signed in the early years of the Cold War still effective and play their role in the today regional power configuration. The objectives of the study are: to explore why the American security Alliance with his alliance state in the North East Asia is totally different with the American security alliance in the other region. In the other region the American created multi-late.....

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This study aims to identify factors that influence the financial health of students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Among the factors studied are financial socialization, childhood experience, financial literacy and academic qualifications. The sample of this study consists of a total of 173 students that were randomly selected. A questionnaire containing a Likert scale to measure each factor influencing the financial health of students was used as a research instrument and multivariate analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that financial literacy have a significant relationship on the financial health of students while financial socialization, childhood experience and academic qualifications had a non-significant relationship. In particular, students valued financial literacy to increase savings rates, obtain insurance, prepare retirement plans and use credit cards to achieve a high level of financial health. Lastly, we provide some recommendations on how .....

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This paper applies qualitative and philological tools to look into the formation process of Music consumer behaviors. At both micro and macro levels, key consumer behaviorism theories are explored. Moreover, marketing stimuli theories, environmental stimuli theories, and self-identity theories are discussed to identify the key determinants of consumer behaviors in the music industry. The paper concludes with a conceptual model that indicates consumer behaviors in the music industry in a collaborative repercussion of these key factors (marketing stimuli, environmental stimuli, self-identity, etc.), which are culture-based and value-oriented. The existentialism conceptual model, through the contribution of such more empirical theories as consumer behavior theory, marketing stimuli theory, environmental stimuli theory, and self-identity theory, helps us understand why consumers buy a music product. As those complex structures of interconnected factors with multiple levels of correlation t.....

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The present paper investigates the relationship between natural resource abundance and economic growth for Nigeria covering the period 1970 to 2016. Our methodology encompasses autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test to cointegrating approach augmented by Bayer and Hanck combined cointegration test. Empirical results confirm a long run relationship among the variables under examination. More importantly, findings indicate that natural resource exerts a negative and significant impact on economic growth in both long run and short run dynamic analysis. This validates the Sachs and Warner’s hypothesis that natural resource is a curse than a blessing in Nigeria. Hence, the study stresses the needs for diversifying the non-resource based sectors to  support the economy.  ..

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The empirical evidence of high initial return from Initial Public Offerings (IPO) phenomena known as underpricing. From last three decades, it is an ongoing issue of every financial market throughout the world. We review underpricing research in developed, developing and emerging markets. In this regard, a thorough review of existing literature has been done. In result, higher underpricing of IPOs is found in emerging markets than developing and developed market because in emerging market issuer of IPOs takes underpricing as a signal of their quality IPOs, where information asymmetry is a significant element. Furthermore, based on the review, we managed to pinpoint significant factors that influenced the initial return. However, scale of underpricing among different countries varies depending on the factors, discussed in detail. Various theories and proposition have developed in these three markets to elucidate the phenomena of underpricing. We believe that there exist few factors that.....

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Prosa Tradisional ialah genre KOMSAS yang perlu dipelajari bagi peringkat sekolah menengah dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu. Namun sering menjadi dilema para guru dalam mencari penyelesaian bagi menarik minat dan meningkatkan pemahaman serta pencapaian murid.  Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerapan bahan pendidikan komik dalam Pembelajaran dan Pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Prosa Tradisional KOMSAS (PTK).  Kajian ini merupakan kajian kes dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.  Tiga orang guru Bahasa Melayu dari tiga buah sekolah menengah di daerah Kota Tinggi yang berpengalaman lebih 10 tahun dipilih sebagai peserta kajian.  Instrumen kajian melibatkan temu bual semi berstruktur, pemerhatian kelas dan analisis dokumen.  Perisian NVIVO 12 digunakan dalam analisis tema temu bual.  Kajian mendapati enam masalah utama PdPc PTK iaitu bahasa klasik, sikap murid, kekangan guru, pemilihan teks, kekurangan prasarana teknologi maklumat dan sukatan kurikulum KOMSAS.  Dapatan temu b.....

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