Ethnic diversity has always posed a challenge to national identity and unity in plural societies. The quest of each ethnic group to maintain its culture, religion and language may lead to conflict with the central government’s efforts at nation-building and integration. Given that Malaysia is an ethnically pluralist society, one of the major on-going tasks of the government has been to develop a nation which is harmonious, integrated and ‘democratic’ as a Malaysian nation. The nature of the current Malaysian national vision has been characterized as ‘ethnically differentiated citizenship’ that promotes Malay ness as a national identity whilst at the same time peripherally recognizing others’ cultural identity. Education plays a role in achieving unity among students. It has been the aspiration and vision of Malaysia education proposes for unity and integration through education policy. Malaysia Educational Blueprint 2012-2025 has indicates that for diverse nations like Mala.....

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Intercropping is very popular in agricultural sector nowadays because this practice can give high returns to the farmers and planters. However, the intercropping system practised by farmers and planters has affected the soil physical properties. The aim of this research is to study the effects of short-term crops in karas plantation to the soil physical properties (soil pH, soil moisture content and the presence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil). Soil pH was measured using pH metre whereas soil moisture content (%) was measured by weighing method. Kjeldahl method was used to determine the presence of nitrogen in which three process were involved – digestion, distillation and nitration. Meanwhile, phosphorus was analysed using UV-VIS spectrophotometer whilst potassium was determined using ICP-MS. The results were analysed using descriptive statistics (mean and frequency) and inferential statistical (One-way Analysis of Variance, ANOVA). The results were expressed in mean .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti sumbangan Tuan Guru Haji Abdul Latif pada masyarakat Pengkalan Hulu. Beliau merupakan anak tempatan yang berbakti kepada penduduk terutama dalam bidang pendidikan. Oleh kerana jasanya yang besar kepada penduduk Pengkalan Hulu maka beliau dipilih sebagai tokoh Maal Hijrah 1414 peringkat negeri Perak. Terdapat dua objektif utama dalam kajian ini iaitu pertama untuk mengetahui sumbangan beliau kepada masyarakat setempat dan yang kedua pula ialah untuk mengetahui metode dakwah nya di Pengkalan Hulu. Selain itu, kajian ini jug bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendekatan yang diguna pakai oleh beliau ketika menjalankan aktiviti dakwah nya. Dalam menyelesaikan dan menyempurnakan kajian ini, dua metode digunakan iaitu metode perpustakaan dan temu bual bagi memperoleh maklumat berkaitan tajuk yang sedang dikaji. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa beliau berjaya dalam usaha dakwah nya dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara lembut terutama ketika berdakwah kepada kumpul.....

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Politeness of expression and character education are both crucial aspects and related to Indonesian education. In the context of communication where the advancement of the internet and technology has now made communication without limit, a new problem arises. The social media, e.g. Instagram, gives space to their users to be more open in expressing his ideas and political opinions. This study aims to identify the forms of positive politeness acts of followers' comments on President Jokowi's official Instagram account and describe the intent of politico pragmatic power of positive politeness of followers of Jokowi's Instagram accounts. The data source of this study was the speech of followers on the official Instagram account of Indonesian President Jokowi #MenujuIndonesiaMaju managed by the President's Digital Communication Team for the period October-November 2018. The study data were in the form of comments from Jokowi's Instagram account followers who had positive politico pragmatic.....

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In Waiting for the Barbarians (1980), J. M. Coetzee cross examines the points of interest of grand states by significance the distinctions from the savages that the strange Empire keeps up. The Empire characterizes itself and strengthens its personality by developing a separation from the brutes on numerous grounds. It keeps up state foundations and keeps records, since itself as a cutting edge express, an advanced story of "crude" brutes. Coetzee's tale uncovered the Empire's tricky endeavors at setting up the other and its confounded ideas of state building. In spite of the fact that the basic elucidations of the novel spotlight on mistreat and the body, this article breaks down the novel's inclusion with royal state building and patriotism. Torment and the body are significant to the extent that they uncover the Empire's endeavors to distinguish it and construct a country. The Empire's disappointment in the greater part of these compliments?as suggested by the end with the Empire do.....

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In this work, jackfruit peel and seeds are utilized to synthesized the biochar for the removal of copper metal ions from water. The synthesized jackfruit peel and seeds were carbonized at 500oC for 2 h under air atmosphere flow. The JPB and JSB were characterized by the use of different characterization techniques such as XRD, BET, FTIR, SEM and CHNS to study it’s physic-chemical properties. The synthesized biochar samples were tested for the removal of Cu metals ion from water and recorded excellent adsorption capacity of 99.84% by JPB adsorbent at optimize adsorption conditions of 45 oC adsorption temperature, 7 pH, 24 hours contact time and 100 ppm of metal solution concentration. The lowest adsorption capacity of 79.60% was recorded by JSB adsorbent under the optimized parameters of 25 oC temperature, 7 pH, 24 hours contact time and 40 ppm metal ion concentration. The results demonstrated that, jackfruit based biochar would be an excellent adsorbent for heavy metals from water. .....

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  The cocoa agroecosystem provides favorable conditions for numerous insect species, with more than 200 species were recorded in Malaysia. Some of the insects are economically important, particularly insects that are associated with cocoa plantation. A collection of insects was built up from 1981, throughout Malaysia via insect samplings and field observations in various landscapes, ranging from monoculture to intercropping planting systems. The sampling technique includes hand-picked, baiting techniques, sweeping for aerial and flying insects, trapping for crawling and ground surface insects as well as light traps for nocturnal insects. At current, more than 10,000 individual insects were collected. Of these, 11 orders of insect from 177 families belonging to more than 600 species were identified, deposited and conserved in the Entomology Laboratory at the Cocoa Research and Development Center Bagan Datuk (CRDC Bagan Datuk) of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB). In order to disseminate.....

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Tamadun Malayonesia yang sarjananya menggunakan bahasa Melayu sebagai pengungkap kecendekiawanannya, masih belum diiktiraf kewujudannya oleh sarjana Barat kerana ketiadaan bukti bertulis pencapaiannya yang tinggi dalam KeJuTSAMA/STEM. Dalam usaha memperbaiki keadaan inilah maka kami telah melakukan penyelidikan, ekskavasi ilmu, sejak 1990-an bagi memperoleh unsur-unsur sains dan matematik (SAMA) dalam bahasa Melayu yang asli dan terkehadapan daripada bangsa lain sezamannya terutamanya Inggeris. Di sini dipaparkan beberapa hasil penyelidikan yang mutakhir tentang perkara tersebut, khususnya untuk bidang angka. Ditunjukkan bahawa bangsa Malayonesia berbahasa Melayu adalah pencipta terawal di dunia sistem angka perpuluhan seperti sekarang ini, sekaligus menjadikan bangsa pencipta angka kosong yang tertua di dunia. Hal ini bertentangan dengan kepercayaan dunia selama ini bahawa sistem angka perpuluhan dengan kosong adalah ciptaan tamadun Hindu, Islam atau Khmer Lama.  ..

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Water pollution is a serious case when the amount of phosphate exceeds the safe level. This phenomenon will lead to eutrophication thus affecting the organisms under the water surface. Therefore, the water sample at the site area need to be tested directly so that contamination can be detected shortly. The objective of this study is to design a test kit for detection of phosphate content in water with minimum usage of reagents and water sample. Different volumes of ammonium molybdate reagent (0.5 and 1 mL) and stannous chloride (1 and 2 drops) were tested on different concentrations of phosphate. Reagents was then tested on different volume of water samples (25, 20, 15, 10 and 5 mL) and within 5 minutes, color changes were documented. It was found that the optimize reagents volume for phosphate contamination identification were 0.5 ml and 1 drop of molybdate reagent and stannous chloride, respectively. Minimum volume of water samples enough to react with reagents was at 15 ml. A phosph.....

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This  study  aimed  to  determine  the  protein  profiles  and  allergenic  characteristics  in different body parts and genders of Scylla paramamosain. Raw and boiled extracts of a mix  and six  individual body parts  were prepared from the respective crab muscle tissues    and    then     analyzed    by    sodium    dodecyl    sulfate-polyacrylamide    gel electrophoresis  (SDS-PAGE)   and  immunoblotting  using  sera  from  28  crab-allergic patients. The mix  body part contains 24   protein fractions, while all individual body parts have almost similar protein profiles with 16 to  21 protein bands between 15 to >250 kDa. The bands above 50 kDa were recognized as heat-sensitive proteins in the boiled extracts.  Therefore, the boiled extracts have fewer protein bands than the raw extracts. Both heat-sensitive  and heat-resistant protein bands have capabilities to bind to  IgE  antibodies  of  the  tested   sera,  but  w.....

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