In the current review article, the studies conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Aquilaria species are compiled and summarized. Since inflammation is the underlying cause of many diseases, the encounter of effective and safe biomedical anti-inflammatory compounds has become the focus of recent researches. Aquilaria species were known to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, among which anti-inflammatory activity has been reported in many in vitro and in vivo studies. Chromones, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, benzophenones and phorbol esters were the major anti-inflammatory compounds isolated from Aquilaria species. The objective of this review paper is to extend researches on the anti-inflammatory activity of different parts of Aquilaria species and support their future use in natural pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of inflammation-associated conditions.   ..

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This study aimed to explore the applied pattern of school football coaches’ coaching process in Kuala Lumpur. 10 teachers also act as the football coaches and 11 school football players were the study participants and the number of participants were determined by the degree of saturation of information which is refer to no new information was discovered among the rest of the study participants (Lebar, 2017; Strauss & Corbin, 1990). The data collection and the interview duration in this study was obtained 6 months through semi structured interview as suggested by Patton (2002). This study used qualitative research method called grounded theory approach as suggested by Strauss and Corbin (1998, 1990). The data were derived from the interview session and systematically collected, transcribed and analyzed by data analysis called coding which is consist of Open Coding, Axial Coding and Selective Coding (Strauss & Corbin, 1998, 1990). Based on the findings of the study have shown there wer.....

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Autism is one of the categories of those who have a risk of reading problems. This study aims to find out the improvement of Malay language basic reading skills using Reading Module for Children with Disability for three students with non-verbal Autism using single-subject design. Subjects who received intervention at a learning centre for children with Autism The reading module is applied using a phonic and sight words method. The intervention was provided 25 sessions, every day. The teaching strategies in this module are errorless learning and scaffolding. There are three (3) practices provided for each sub-unit and flash cards in this module. In the early stage, all subjects are nonverbal and were not yet master the Malay language reading skills. These single-subject design cases illustrate that reading skill interventions may be effective for early intervention, no behavior problems and verbal Autism and warrant further testing.  ..

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Theory of Inventive Problem Solving or TRIZ method can be applied in assisting students undertaking a product design and development tertiary technical education course, especially during the conceptual design stage of their learning process. Students without the background of arts during their secondary or early tertiary (certificate or diploma level) education studies as well as the art skills needed to excel in this course tend to have problems in completing the conceptual design stage. By applying the TRIZ method during this stage, there will be guided creative thinking to sketch out something new out of contradictions surveyed from existing products. To proof that TRIZ is applicable, the design and development of a portable road debris collector was taken into account for this application. Data was taken from ethnography and questionnaires from operation staff of a local cleaning company. From here, the usage of TRIZ method assisted the student in hand to put forth direct result o.....

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The use of ICT in TL sessions have a great impact on students as well as teachers in generating creative thinking. It encourages Malay Literature teachers to carry out the process of TL attractively and effectively. It can also contribute to make the process of TL more practical and engage Malay Literature students to maximize their creativity skills. Thus, using ICT technology enables teachers to prepare ahead of time for TL sessions, as teachers can find the necessary information about the teaching they want to convey so that it is faster and more accurate. The findings showed that 100% of students are interested in studying Malay Literature subject and the methods of teaching literature are good, they like teachers who teach these subjects and presume Malay Literature subject to develop a positive attitude. This study also found that 78% of teachers use ICT in the classroom. 40% also say that they have difficulties to learn Malay Literature subject while 60% do not. This study was c.....

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The paper aims to present the research trend and to examine the validity of Lotka’s law and authorship distribution in the extensible business reporting language (XBRL) studies. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database as of April 2020. A total of 394 documents, with a total of 648 authors have been obtained. The scientific productivity of the articles has been examined using bibliometric analysis and applicability of Lotka’s law have been tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) statistics and Chisquare test. This study presents a global picture of the publication trends in XBRL and the authorship of the publications. The findings of the study expose that in the productivity distribution for authors on XBRL studies fit in the Lotka’s Law  ..

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One new aporphine named tavoyanine A (1), along with four known aporphines laetanine (2), roemerine (3), laurolitsine (4), and boldine (5), and one morphinandienone type sebiferine (6) were isolated from the leaves of Phoebe tavoyana (Meissn.) Hook f. (Lauraceae). The isolation was achieved by chromatographic techniques, and the structural elucidation was performed via spectral methods. This paper also reports the antiplasmodial activity of roemerine (3), laurolitsine (4), boldine (5), and sebiferine (6). The results showed that 3–6 have a potent inhibitory activity against the growth of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 clone, with IC50 values of 0.89, 1.49, 1.65, and 2.76 µg/ml, respectively...

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Background: Genus Alpinia are commonly used as spices and ingredients in traditional medicines. In the present study, we attempted to isolate the phytochemicals from Alpinia aquatica and evaluate their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Methods: Phytochemical constituents of the extract were investigated using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The chemical structures of the isolated phytochemicals were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as compared to that of reported data. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was also tested on the extracts and selected compounds using mushroom tyrosinase as the enzyme. Results: Fractionation and purification of the extracts of Alpinia aquatica afforded seven known compounds which are 5-hydroxy-3,7,4’-trimethoxyflavone (1), 4’,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (2), 2-methoxy-8-(2’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-naphthaquinone (3), cis-3S-(2’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-4S-[(E)-2’’’,4’’’,5’’’-trimet.....

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The present study investigates the antioxidant, α-glucosidases, and anti-inflammatory properties of leaf extract of Cassia singueana and C. sieberiana. Cassia singueana and C. sieberiana are restorative plants utilised for the treatment of diabetes, ulcer, malaria, and wound healing. The extracts were evaluated for antioxidant activities via DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation scavenging, FRAP, β-carotene bleaching, phenolic content, and flavonoid content. Meanwhile, α-glucosidases and anti-inflammatory properties were also evaluated against α-glucosidase enzyme and 15-LOX inhibitory activities. The results for C. singueana extract revealed potent activities for DPPH (IC50: 9.35 µg/mL), phenolic contents (120.01 mg GAE/g dry extract), and α-glucosidases inhibition (I%: 90.47%). On the other hand, the findings for C. sieberiana recorded significant activities for FRAP (2120 µmol Fe2+/g dry extract) and 15-LOX inhibition (I%: 80.93%). The extract of C. singueana and C. s.....

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Fundamentally, former prisoners who have no access to transit home or residency after being released from prison are often found to be homeless. In this manner, such failure to obtain a home has been commonly associated with family rejection. The existing halfway houses throughout Malaysia are limited, therefore, the program failed to accommodate a large number of released former prisoners each year. In lieu of this, many former inmates are unable to acquire proper shelter or a suitable place to live after their release. Due to the arising concern, a study was conducted in 2018 with regards to the former prisoners’ life challenges during the re-integration process within the community. Detailed interviews were carried amongst 19 former prisoners with their background of criminal records. In addition, the analysis from this study revealed the difficulties and challenges faced by the former prisoners that had led them to be homeless. The data had also revealed that the issue is related.....

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