The use of ICT in TL sessions have a great impact on students as well as teachers in generating creative thinking. It encourages Malay Literature teachers to carry out the process of TL attractively and effectively. It can also contribute to make the process of TL more practical and engage Malay Literature students to maximize their creativity skills. Thus, using ICT technology enables teachers to prepare ahead of time for TL sessions, as teachers can find the necessary information about the teaching they want to convey so that it is faster and more accurate. The findings showed that 100% of students are interested in studying Malay Literature subject and the methods of teaching literature are good, they like teachers who teach these subjects and presume Malay Literature subject to develop a positive attitude. This study also found that 78% of teachers use ICT in the classroom. 40% also say that they have difficulties to learn Malay Literature subject while 60% do not. This study was c.....

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The paper aims to present the research trend and to examine the validity of Lotka’s law and authorship distribution in the extensible business reporting language (XBRL) studies. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database as of April 2020. A total of 394 documents, with a total of 648 authors have been obtained. The scientific productivity of the articles has been examined using bibliometric analysis and applicability of Lotka’s law have been tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) statistics and Chisquare test. This study presents a global picture of the publication trends in XBRL and the authorship of the publications. The findings of the study expose that in the productivity distribution for authors on XBRL studies fit in the Lotka’s Law  ..

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One new aporphine named tavoyanine A (1), along with four known aporphines laetanine (2), roemerine (3), laurolitsine (4), and boldine (5), and one morphinandienone type sebiferine (6) were isolated from the leaves of Phoebe tavoyana (Meissn.) Hook f. (Lauraceae). The isolation was achieved by chromatographic techniques, and the structural elucidation was performed via spectral methods. This paper also reports the antiplasmodial activity of roemerine (3), laurolitsine (4), boldine (5), and sebiferine (6). The results showed that 3–6 have a potent inhibitory activity against the growth of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 clone, with IC50 values of 0.89, 1.49, 1.65, and 2.76 µg/ml, respectively...

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Background: Genus Alpinia are commonly used as spices and ingredients in traditional medicines. In the present study, we attempted to isolate the phytochemicals from Alpinia aquatica and evaluate their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Methods: Phytochemical constituents of the extract were investigated using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The chemical structures of the isolated phytochemicals were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as compared to that of reported data. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was also tested on the extracts and selected compounds using mushroom tyrosinase as the enzyme. Results: Fractionation and purification of the extracts of Alpinia aquatica afforded seven known compounds which are 5-hydroxy-3,7,4’-trimethoxyflavone (1), 4’,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (2), 2-methoxy-8-(2’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-naphthaquinone (3), cis-3S-(2’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-4S-[(E)-2’’’,4’’’,5’’’-trimet.....

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The present study investigates the antioxidant, α-glucosidases, and anti-inflammatory properties of leaf extract of Cassia singueana and C. sieberiana. Cassia singueana and C. sieberiana are restorative plants utilised for the treatment of diabetes, ulcer, malaria, and wound healing. The extracts were evaluated for antioxidant activities via DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation scavenging, FRAP, β-carotene bleaching, phenolic content, and flavonoid content. Meanwhile, α-glucosidases and anti-inflammatory properties were also evaluated against α-glucosidase enzyme and 15-LOX inhibitory activities. The results for C. singueana extract revealed potent activities for DPPH (IC50: 9.35 µg/mL), phenolic contents (120.01 mg GAE/g dry extract), and α-glucosidases inhibition (I%: 90.47%). On the other hand, the findings for C. sieberiana recorded significant activities for FRAP (2120 µmol Fe2+/g dry extract) and 15-LOX inhibition (I%: 80.93%). The extract of C. singueana and C. s.....

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Fundamentally, former prisoners who have no access to transit home or residency after being released from prison are often found to be homeless. In this manner, such failure to obtain a home has been commonly associated with family rejection. The existing halfway houses throughout Malaysia are limited, therefore, the program failed to accommodate a large number of released former prisoners each year. In lieu of this, many former inmates are unable to acquire proper shelter or a suitable place to live after their release. Due to the arising concern, a study was conducted in 2018 with regards to the former prisoners’ life challenges during the re-integration process within the community. Detailed interviews were carried amongst 19 former prisoners with their background of criminal records. In addition, the analysis from this study revealed the difficulties and challenges faced by the former prisoners that had led them to be homeless. The data had also revealed that the issue is related.....

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Program Penempatan Semula dan Pembangunan Bersepadu Gana (GRID) merupakan satu program yang dilaksanakan untuk melindungi hutan simpan dan meningkatkan kualiti hidup penduduk yang terlibat. Program ini dijangka akan memberikan impak kepada aset penghidupan peserta yang terlibat. Justeru itu, artikel ini membincangkan impak pelaksanaan GRID kepada aset penghidupan peserta yang terlibat. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dan kaedah kualitatif. Data dicerap melalui instrumen soal selidik, temu bual dan pemerhatian di lapangan. Seramai 100 responden telah terlibat yang terdiri daripada ketua rumah bagi setiap keluarga yang mempunyai pengalaman hidup di kampung asal dan kawasan penempatan semula. Manakala, seramai lima orang responden terlibat dalam kaedah temu bual yang terdiri bekas ketua kampung dan ketua kampung. Data soal selidik dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan data temu bual dianalisis menggunakan analisis naratif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat impak yang .....

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Gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea is a damaging postharvest disease in tomato plants, and it is known to be a limiting factor in tomato production. This study aimed to evaluate antifungal activities of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts against B. cinerea and to screen the phytochemical compound in the crude extract that had the highest antifungal activity. In this study, crude extracts of hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water extracts with concentration levels at 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/mL were shown to significantly affect the inhibition of B. cinerea. Among the crude extracts, dichloromethane extract was shown to be the most potent in terms of antifungal activities. The SEM observation proved that the treatment altered the fungal morphology, which leads to fungal growth inhibition. For the in vivo bioassay, the fruits treated with dichloromethane extract at 400 and 500 mg/mL showed the lowest disease incidence with mild severity of infection. There were 23 ch.....

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The present study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activities from the isolated phytochemicals of Piper retrofractum and Piper arborescens. Fractionation and purification of the extract of P. retrofractum yielded piperine (1), methyl piperate (2) and N-isobutyl-2E,4E,14Z-eicosatrienamide (3), while extracts of P. arborescens yielded sesartemin (4), diayangambin (5), and 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-4-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzyl)- tetrahydrofuran-2-ol (6). The structures of the isolated phytochemicals were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as well as the comparison with that of reported data. The antibacterial activity of the isolated phytochemicals was also evaluated by using the micro-dilution method. Compound (1) was found to show the significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC values of 225 µg/mL. This study reports amides and lignans as compounds that could be involved in antibacterial activity of Piper retrofractum .....

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Literature starting from its beginning has the usage of symbols. This paved the way to a literary concept symbolism. It is an art of using an object to describe or represent an abstract. All the abstract objects mentioned in literature have a symbolic meaning. Symbolism is used in different ways like colors, animals, birds, real objects, human, etc. In the classical stories one can find the use of caves, animals etc. and it is evident that the use of animals in our world from thousands of years ago, to today, has created deep meaning in our lives. The meanings of animals in literary works can be interpreted in different ways. The writers use animals which help them to write about subjects that are controversial and sensitive social issues which strengthen and emphasize their points and fulfil the purpose of their work. Jonathan Swift is one of the writers to use symbolism in his literary works. In his The Battle of the Books, the spirit of the controversy caught on towards the end of t.....

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