The tenth year anniversary of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) provides an opportune moment to reflect on its true devastation on national industries. While many economists regard it as a global watershed, Indonesia was among the isolated few that emerged relatively unscathed. However it would be erroneous to assume that all of its economic sectors enjoyed the same fortune. A study was conducted to determine the most significant economic event for Indonesia’s public listed housing developers in the years leading up to, and after the GFC. Panel data regression analysis was conducted on the financial data of the sampled companies. The analysis shows that the GFC of 2008 was not the most significant event for the study period for housing market players, nor was it the previous year when housing investor confidence was shaken. Instead that accolade goes to the event of 2012. While public-listed nonfinancial companies were affected by the Eurozone Crisis that year, a combination of facto.....

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This study was conducted to measure the level of wellbeing among elderly in Selangor and effect of the determinants of subjective wellbeing (SWB) and income on the level of wellbeing among elderly in Selangor. A survey method was used to collect data. The sample comprised 480 respondents living in rural and urban area in Selangor. Regression analysis was performed to measure the influence of the determinants of subjective wellbeing (personal factor, social participation, financial and neighborhood) and income on the level of wellbeing among elderly in Selangor. The findings demonstrated that all the determinants have influence the level of wellbeing among elderly. While, income have less influence with the wellbeing. The implication of this study suggested that elderly must be provided with their needs to increase their level of wellbeing...

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Risk assessment really a complex decision-making process in the domain of in-formation security areas. There are a lot of unclear model of software domain and the lack of associated uncertainty are two main reasons that directly affect individual decisions making regarding risk assessment. When artificial enabled social engineering attacks are effectively may happening in every levels of domain. On the other hand, the risk assessment conducted on the safety requirements on artificial enabled social engineering attacks. So the simple meaning of social engineering is to refers to the psychologically and mentality use people to give secret information in the context of information security. A strategy of self-confidence for information collection, fraud, or access to the system, is different from a traditional "con" that it is often one of the more complex fraudulent schemes. That is why in this paper we proposed theoretical framework, which can not only demonstrate its potential for the .....

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The Earth is sick! The fact of climate change is now widely accepted by every major scientific body universally. The environment is positing challenges to everyone. People around the world have taken notice of the world's ills, and major governments are working on solutions to curb with the pressing issues to slow down the effects and begin to shape a better world for the future. Some of the initiatives by the Malaysian Government is the introduction of tax incentives among the companies. This study aims to provide an overview of the current tax incentive issues among companies in Malaysia. Purposive sampling method was adopted to collect responses from Malaysian companies by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results reveal that majority of the companies acknowledged the predicament of rising production cost and emerging environmental issues yet most of them are unaware about the tax incentives offered by the Government. The study informed that the facilitating factors for tax.....

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Assessments play an important role in chemistry learning and for specific uses. The construction of a test based on multiple representation approaches is needed for measuring the 21st century thinking skills. This study aims to construct and validate a standardized test to measure students’ analytical thinking and chemical representation ability in rate of reaction topic. The test captures four aspects on analytical thinking and four levels of multiple representations (macroscopic, sub-microscopic, symbolic and mathematic). A group of experts confirmed the construct and face validity of the Test of Analytical Thinking based on Multiple Representation (TAT-MR) with 32 items. The TAT-MR was then validated by participating 449 high school students. The test characteristics were analyzed usingRasch model with Partial Credit Model-1 Parameter Logistic (PCM-1PL) approach. The results of theRaschmodeling show that there are 22 TAT-MR items with excellent reliability. Hence, the TAT-MR is ac.....

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The Indian labour movement in the estates in Kedah, occurs within a short period of time without bringing any new changes to them. The experience of Indian labourers who joined the INA during the Second World War enabled them to join the labour movements to overcome oppression against them. The Indian labour movement in the estates in Kedah has undergone radical and militant changes within a short period of time. This change has been manifested in the form of a strike and disruption due to the willingness of Indian estate workers to cooperate with any parties willing to work with them in particular CPM. The Indian labour movement in the estates in Kedah was also stunted as they did not act individually to achieve their goals. The Indian estate labour movement’s move to accept CPM as its counterpart is a major mistake as it has brought Indian labour movement particularly in the estates in Kedah and Malaya generally towards the brink of destruction...

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Creative movement is one of the teaching and learning methods that helps to develop one’s potential in communicating expressions creatively, applied through a series of movements. This type of learning relies on imaginations to explore movements, depending on the types of movements to be created. Exploration of creative movements by using variety of props lead to the freedom of ideas in creative imaginations. The ability to master the process of movements’ creation by using props is essential in giving interpretations and forming the thoughts towards active and dynamic levels, to improve imaginative abilities. Therefore, this research was conducted to discover how the use of props helped in improving children’s imaginative abilities through exploration of creative movements. Props were selected as tools and stimuli to enable the children to carry out imaginative explorations in movements, portraying their creative ideas. Important focus was given to kinesthetic stimulation in for.....

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A valid and reliable instrument is needed to assess the implementation of a program known as ‘Program Guru Penyayang’ in schools. The purpose of this study is to develop the instrument and validate it. The instrument is in the form of questionnaire distributed to a sample of 230 primary school teachers teaching Orang Asli students. The content validity is assessed by the experts and the construct validity is measured by Exploratory Factor Analysis. The reliability of the instrument is measured using internal consistence reliability, which is alpha coefficient reliability or Cronbach Alpha. Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested that 23 items need to be removed due to their non-dimensionality as they have more or less equal loadings on several factors. Thus, the final draft of the instrument contains 46 items which is valid and reliable. It yielded high values of internal consistency as reflected by the Cronbach alpha values. Even though the validity and reliability of the.....

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Ta?abbudi and Ma?qulatul al-Ma?na are two topics of discussion among Usul al-Fiqh scholars pertaining to Qiyas chapter and it is utmost vital in the process of developing and forming the Shariah law. Looking at the current development of Islamic Law and the need to research on the processes of how the Shariah law (hukm) is formed, this study is done. With a concrete understanding of the Ta’abudi and Ma’qulatul al-Ma’na concepts along with both of its application will definitely assist those who are involve in deducing the law; Law which conforms to the existing methodology and accurate “instibat” law practices. Without a clear understanding of the two concepts, it is feared that the law will not meet the Syarak requirements and methodology that have been set by Islamic scholars especially from Shafie School of law.Utilizing entirely the library research method, this study tried to analyze these two concepts by looking at its meaning and understanding, as well as its applicati.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti kesan latihan kemahiran psikologi Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) ke atas tekanan emosi dalam kalangan pemain bola jaring berumur 10 dan 11 tahun. Sampel kajian adalah terdiri daripada 10 orang pemain yang berumur 10 tahun dan 10 orang berumur 11 tahun (N = 20). Data kajian ini diperoleh melalui skor borang soal selidik Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) untuk mengukur tahap tekanan emosi. Analisis nilai min dan peratusan digunakan untuk melihat tahap tekanan emosi manakala ujian Mixed Anova digunakan untuk mengkaji kesan latihan PMR terhadap kumpulan rawatan iaitu pemain bola jaring yang menyertai Karnival Tunas Mini Olimpik (KATMO). Subjek dibahagikan kepada kumpulan kawalan yang menjalani sesi menyejukkan badan seperti biasa manakala kumpulan rawatan menjalani PMR. Hasil kajian menunjukkan perbezaan kesan yang signifikan antara skor kumpulan kawalan dan rawatan, F(1, 18) = 50.22, p = .00, ηp 2 = 0.74) di mana kumpulan rawatan .....

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