Due to the scale of recent development and rapid urbanisation in Kelantan, Malaysia, there is a general lack of understanding and appreciation of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. This PhD research was undertaken in order to identify the characteristics and identity of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Through this improved understanding, it is hoped to better respect the heritage in contemporary planning and landscape design. The investigation highlights the authentic traditional elements that the inherited landscape can offer to contemporary planners, landscape architects, and municipal administrators in order to preserve the integrity and the beauty of the Kelantan Malay landscape. The search for the Kelantan Malay regional identity is quite a complicated endeavour both because of the diverse causes of change, and the difficulties in obtaining references and documentation about the; Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. There is an urgent and imperative task to sec.....

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Dalam  pembelajaran  gitar  jaz,  selain  penguasaan  terhadap  alat  muzik,  pengetahuan terhadap  harmoni jaz sangat diperlukan. Ini kerana pengetahuan harmoni ini bukan saja dapat   membantu    dalam   melakukan   improvisasi,   ia   boleh   digunakan   dalam menghasilkan gubahan semula dalam  bentuk kord melodi. Sebab itu wujudnya banyak buku panduan atau buku metod gitar jaz dalam pasaran  global. Malahan pembelajaran gitar jaz di Malaysia juga banyak menumpukan pembelajaran teknik  pengharmonian menggunakan repertoir barat yang dikenali sebagai standard jaz, sedangkan pendidikan  muzik  di  Malaysia  seharusnya  mengangkat  repertoir  muzik  tradisional  tempatan. Hasilnya,  repertoir tradisional kekal seperti dahulukala. Keadaan ini juga disebabkan dogma  yang  tertanam   dalam  kalangan  pengiat  muzik  tradisional  yang  risau  akan kehilangan  nilai  autentik  dalam   sesebuah  muzik  tradisional  itu.  Impli.....

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This paper aims to assist the administration departments of medical organisations in making the right decision on selecting a suitable multiclass classification model for acute leukaemia. In this paper, we proposed a framework that will aid these departments in evaluating, benchmarking and ranking available multiclass classification models for the selection of the best one. Medical organisations have continuously faced evaluation and benchmarking challenges in such endeavour, especially when no single model is superior. Moreover, the improper selection of multiclass classification for acute leukaemia model may be costly for medical organisations. For example, when a patient dies, one such organisation will be legally or financially sued for incidents in which the model fails to fulfil its desired outcome. With regard to evaluation and benchmarking, multiclass classification models are challenging processes due to multiple evaluation and conflicting criteria. This study structured a dec.....

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This study presents a prioritisation framework for mobile patient monitoring systems (MPMSs) based on multicriteria analysis inarchitectural components. This framework selects the most appropriate system amongst available MPMSs for the telemedicineenvironment. Prioritisation of MPMSs is a challenging task due to (a) multiple evaluation criteria, (b) importance of criteria, (c)data variation and (d) unmeasurable values. The secondary data presented as the decision evaluation matrix include six systems(namely, Yale–National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), advanced health and disaster aid network, personalisedhealth monitoring, CMS, MobiHealth and NTU) as alternatives and 13 criteria (namely, supported number of sensors, sensorfront-end (SFE) communication, SFE to mobile base unit (MBU) communications, display of biosignals on the MBU, storage ofbiosignals on the MBU, intra-body area network (BAN) communication problems, extra-BAN communication problems, extr.....

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The study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the Collaborative Teaching Approach Manual (CTAM) on the mastery of the basic standard of literacy writing Malay language level one. The study was conducted by quasi-experiment using CTAM in teaching and facilitating. This study was conducted in Primary School in Pasir Gudang district which involved a sample of 70 students in year two. The two teachers involved were Remedial Teacher and Malay Teacher in this study. The t-test is used to test the hypothesis of the study. The findings showed that there was a significant difference to the experimental group using CTAM in achieving the overall basic standard of literacy writing Malay language students. The findings show that the use of CTAM is able to increase the level of literacy mastery more effectively to the pupils.   ..

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Erbium nano particles (NPs) doped tellurite glasses were prepared via melt-quenched technique and their chemical composition are as follows; {[(TeO 2 ) 0.70 (B 2 O 3 ) 0.30 ] 0.7 (ZnO) 0.3 } y (Er 2 O 3 NPs) 1−y , y = 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05. The amorphous state of the glass system was revealed and the  structural parameters indicating the formation of non-bridging  oxygen was shown. The current work underlines the spectral parameters from Judd–Ofelt (JO) studies, and upconversion spectra. The existence of erbium NPs was found experimentally using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Judd–Ofelt analysis suggests that the radiative probability, A rad is strong at ² H 11?2 —> ? I 15?2 and a longer lifetime at ? I 11?2 —> ? I 15?2 . The Argon laser beam was used to determine the upconversion emission peaks. The upconversion radiation emission excited at 800 nm was found in the range 390 nm.  ..

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We report on the optical efficiency of samarium nanoparticles (NPs) doped tellurite glasses experimentally, for the first time to the best of our knowledge. A high optical efficiency of samarium NPs doped tellurite glasses stable against crystallization was fabricated via melt- quenched technique. In particular, this work underlines the enhancement of optical properties with increasing samarium NPs concentration and the change of polarizability of tellurite glass network with the presence of samarium NPs. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and transmission electron spectra (TEM), the amorphous arrangement, structural assignments and particle size had been revealed. The optical performance of samarium NPs doped tellurite glass was characterized by EL X-02C high accuracy ellipsometer and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on ellipsometer and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the refractive index was found slightly increases meanwhile the optical band .....

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In this work, the novel direct synthesis method of dimethylacetamide-based graphene oxide (GO) was performed through electrochemical exfoliation assisted by commercially available single-tail sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) surfactant. Then, the synthesised GO (SDS–GO) was incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution to produce a nanofiltration (NF) membrane through the phase immersion method. The addition of GO into the preparation of membrane solution alters the membrane morphology and improves the hydrophilicity. TiO2 was also used as an additive for the NF membrane fabrication to further increase the membrane hydrophilicity. The fabricated PVDF/SDS–GO/TiO2 and PVDF/SDS– GO NF membranes were compared with pure PVDF membrane. Then, the fabricated NF membranes were tested for methylene blue (MB) rejection with 10 ppm MB concentration. On the basis of the dead end cell measurement operated at the pressure of 2 bar, the PVDF/SDS–GO/TiO2 presents high MB rejection (92......

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The use of erbium ions, Er3+ to enhance the dielectric properties is investigated in tellurite glass system for the frst time, tothe best of our knowledge. A glass series of tellurite glass with chemical composition, {[(TeO2)70(B2O3)30]70(ZnO)30}100−y(Er2O3)y (y = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05) was fabricated via melt-quenched technique. The X-ray difraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis proved the amorphous structure and the formation of nonbridging oxygen in the glass system. The Er3+ ions afect greatly to the dielectric constant, ε′ in which the dielectric constant, ε′ show high value at a lower frequency and higher temperature (above 110 °C). The reduction of dielectric constant, ε′ is found with the increment value of frequency, which corresponds to the formation of the hindrance efect on heavy dipoles caused by the mixed transition-ion efect. Meanwhile, the dielectric constant, ε′ is enhanced with the increase of temperature. The .....

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A system of erbium oxide nanoparticles doped rice-husk-silicate borotellurite glasses with compositional formula, {[(TeO2)0.7 (B2O3)0.3]0.8 (SiO2)0.2}1−y (Er2O3 NPs)y with y = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 was fabricated using the method of melt-quenching. Various characterizations and measurement techniques such as density and molar volume, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy were carried out to study the structural, morphological and optical properties of the fabricated glasses. The density values for the glasses increased from 4.1900 to 4.6003 g cm−3 with the addition of 1% to 5% of Er2O3 NPs in the glass structure. The increase can be ascribed to increase in the overall molar weight of the glass caused by the higher molecular weight of erbium. The microstructural nature revealed in the glass morphological evidence of nanoparticle agglomerations in the glasses. From the UV–Vis spectra both direct and i.....

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