The cocoa agroecosystem provides favorable conditions for numerous insect species, with more than 200 species were recorded in Malaysia. Some of the insects are economically important, particularly insects that are associated with cocoa plantation. A collection of insects was built up from 1981, throughout Malaysia via insect samplings and field observations in various landscapes, ranging from monoculture to intercropping planting systems. The sampling technique includes hand-picked, baiting techniques, sweeping for aerial and flying insects, trapping for crawling and ground surface insects as well as light traps for nocturnal insects. At current, more than 10,000 individual insects were collected. Of these, 11 orders of insect from 177 families belonging to more than 600 species were identified, deposited and conserved in the Entomology Laboratory at the Cocoa Research and Development Center Bagan Datuk (CRDC Bagan Datuk) of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB). In order to disseminate.....

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Tamadun Malayonesia yang sarjananya menggunakan bahasa Melayu sebagai pengungkap kecendekiawanannya, masih belum diiktiraf kewujudannya oleh sarjana Barat kerana ketiadaan bukti bertulis pencapaiannya yang tinggi dalam KeJuTSAMA/STEM. Dalam usaha memperbaiki keadaan inilah maka kami telah melakukan penyelidikan, ekskavasi ilmu, sejak 1990-an bagi memperoleh unsur-unsur sains dan matematik (SAMA) dalam bahasa Melayu yang asli dan terkehadapan daripada bangsa lain sezamannya terutamanya Inggeris. Di sini dipaparkan beberapa hasil penyelidikan yang mutakhir tentang perkara tersebut, khususnya untuk bidang angka. Ditunjukkan bahawa bangsa Malayonesia berbahasa Melayu adalah pencipta terawal di dunia sistem angka perpuluhan seperti sekarang ini, sekaligus menjadikan bangsa pencipta angka kosong yang tertua di dunia. Hal ini bertentangan dengan kepercayaan dunia selama ini bahawa sistem angka perpuluhan dengan kosong adalah ciptaan tamadun Hindu, Islam atau Khmer Lama.  ..

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Water pollution is a serious case when the amount of phosphate exceeds the safe level. This phenomenon will lead to eutrophication thus affecting the organisms under the water surface. Therefore, the water sample at the site area need to be tested directly so that contamination can be detected shortly. The objective of this study is to design a test kit for detection of phosphate content in water with minimum usage of reagents and water sample. Different volumes of ammonium molybdate reagent (0.5 and 1 mL) and stannous chloride (1 and 2 drops) were tested on different concentrations of phosphate. Reagents was then tested on different volume of water samples (25, 20, 15, 10 and 5 mL) and within 5 minutes, color changes were documented. It was found that the optimize reagents volume for phosphate contamination identification were 0.5 ml and 1 drop of molybdate reagent and stannous chloride, respectively. Minimum volume of water samples enough to react with reagents was at 15 ml. A phosph.....

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This  study  aimed  to  determine  the  protein  profiles  and  allergenic  characteristics  in different body parts and genders of Scylla paramamosain. Raw and boiled extracts of a mix  and six  individual body parts  were prepared from the respective crab muscle tissues    and    then     analyzed    by    sodium    dodecyl    sulfate-polyacrylamide    gel electrophoresis  (SDS-PAGE)   and  immunoblotting  using  sera  from  28  crab-allergic patients. The mix  body part contains 24   protein fractions, while all individual body parts have almost similar protein profiles with 16 to  21 protein bands between 15 to >250 kDa. The bands above 50 kDa were recognized as heat-sensitive proteins in the boiled extracts.  Therefore, the boiled extracts have fewer protein bands than the raw extracts. Both heat-sensitive  and heat-resistant protein bands have capabilities to bind to  IgE  antibodies  of  the  tested   sera,  but  w.....

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Recycling is known as the best approach to reduce disposal costs and prolongs the lifespan of landfill sites. However, the ignorance and negligence on the importance of recycling have lead to various solid waste management problems. This paper investigates the community willingness to participate in recycling practices through community waste bank in Kundasang, Sabah. Prior to the implementation of waste bank in Kundasang, a questionnaire survey was conducted to 300 households in four main villages. About 66.7% of respondents has agreed on the implementation of community waste bank as the community recyclables collection. The existing recycling activities were low as only 34.2% of the respondents practice solid waste separation at source. Other findings revealed that community’s recycling practices was influenced by their socio-economic background. Respondents’ education level was shown to influence their knowledge on solid waste separation and recycling practices. Although the maj.....

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Phytochemical studies on the stem bark of Garcinia parvifolia and pericarp of Garcinia hombroniana have been investigated. The crude extracts were purified using chromatographic techniques to obtain pure compounds named as rubraxanthone (1), parvixanthone G (2) cowanin (3), garcihombronane B (4), garcihombronane C (5) and stigmasterol (6). The structures of all compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The extracts and phytochemicals were tested for their antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Acetone extract of the pericarp of G. hombroniana showed the most significant antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 225 μg/mL, meanwhile compound (3) exhibited the most significant antibacterial activity compared to other xanthones with MBC value of 225 μg/mL...

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This paper discusses the application of discrete-event simulation (DES) in modelling the waiting lines in a printing shop located in Universiti Utara Malaysia. The paper demonstrates the methodology used to develop the simulation model of the existing system. The developed model was run to further understand the state of operations in the printing shop. The developed model also facilitates experimenting for a possible alternative solution. The finding of this study has given insight to reduce the waiting time for a better service in the printing shop...

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Kertas kerja ini adalah untuk meneliti secara ilmiah makna yang dirujuk kepada konsep kesenian Melayu melalui aspek dan pemikiran etnomatematik. Ianya boleh dilihat menerusi seni ukiran, seni anyaman, seni lukis, seni bina dan seni tekstil. Corak dan motif dalam hasil kesenian Melayu kaya dengan nilai dan amalan matematik yang boleh dilihat melalui reka bentuk geometri. Kajian ini merupakan kajian analisis simetri yang menerapkan kaedah kualitatif. Reka bentuk kesenian dianalisis dalam konteks formalistik bagi menghuraikan konsep simetri yang wujud dalam pendekatan etnomatematik. Pengumpulan data bertulis dan visual dibuat melalui kaedah dokumentasi, visual rakaman, dan pemerhatian bagi mendapatkan maklumat. Dapatan kajian mendapati hubung kait antara seni dan matematik tidak dapat disangkal lagi kerana melalui keindahan hasil kerja kesenian juga mempunyai keindahannya dari aspek matematik. Implikasi daripada penyelidikan ini bertujuan melihat kesenian bukan sahaja daripada sudut apres.....

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This study examined the effects of watching subtitled English movies on vocabulary learning. Fifty-four students from a Community College who participated in the study were    randomly   assigned   to   experimental   and   control   groups   with   28   and   26  participants respectively. Both groups were presented with the same English movies but  the   control  group  watched  the  movies  without  subtitles,  while  the  experimental group watched  the movies with subtitles for three consecutive weeks. The participants completed  the  Vocabulary   Knowledge  Scale  (VKS)  pre-test,  post-test  and  delayed test, as well as questionnaire. Results  from t-tests (pretest: t (52) = -1.233, p = 0.223, post-test: t (52) = 1.717, p = 0.094) revealed  that both groups progressed significantly from pre-test to post-test. The findings revealed that  with or without the appearance of subtitles,  the  participants  in  both  group.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara penggunaan media sosial dengan tingkah  laku agresif dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah menengah swasta. Kajian juga  meninjau  dan  meneliti   jenis-jenis  media  sosial  yang  dominan  serta  perbezaan penggunaan media sosial dan tingkah  laku agresif di kawasan bandar dan luar bandar. Kajian   ini   berbentuk   kajian   kes   dengan    menggunakan   pendekatan   kuantitatif menggunakan  instrumen  soal  selidik.  Pemilihan  responden   kajian  dijalankan  secara persampelan rawak mudah yang melibatkan 278 orang pelajar dari  Tingkatan 3 hingga Tingkatan 5 di sekolah menengah swasta kawasan Ipoh dan Taiping, Perak.  Instrumen kajian   yang   digunakan   ialah   soal   selidik   berstruktur.   Data   dianalisis    dengan menggunakan   analisis   deskriptif   dan   inferens.   Analisis   deskriptif   mengukur  penggunaan  media  sosial  pelajar  da.....

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