Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan Pentaksiran Berasaskan Sekolah (PBS) dalam kalangan guru-guru sekolah rendah di Daerah Hulu Terengganu. Elemen yang dikaji adalah pengetahuan, kelengkapan dan sokongan, serta amalan guru sekolah rendah terhadap pelaksanaan PBS. Seramai 100 orang guru telah dijadikan sampel. Kajian ini telah dijalankan secara tinjauan dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian. Data telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensi, menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap pengetahuan guru terhadap PBS berada pada tahap yang tinggi (min = 4.29), manakala tahap kelengkapan dan sokongan berada pada tahap yang sederhana (min =2.94 ) serta tahap amalan PBS berada pada tahap yang tinggi (min = 4.23). Kajian juga mendapati tiada perbezaan yang signifikan antara kelayakan akademik dengan amalan PBS (p = 0.156). Akan tetapi terdapat perbezaan yang si.....

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The purpose of the study was to develop and validate an authentic assessment module to assess  higher order thinking skills. This study used Collect-Relate-Create-Donates (CRCD) model by Ben  Shneiderman as the basis for the contents of the module. The module   was   developed   by   using    ADDIE   (Analysis,   Design,   Development, Implementation,  and  Evaluation)  model.  This   module  underwent  validation  process using  Fleiss'  Kappa  agreement  coefficient  by  eight   experts.  This  study  was  also designed  to determine the effect of  the module towards higher  order thinking skills (HOTS)  amongst  the  students  in  terms  of  their  reasoning  and  problem   solving.  A sample of 30 students was selected from a secondary school in Selangor. This study  involved the administration of pre- and post-tests on the 30 form four Biology students. The module  was conducted during Biology lesson for 12 weeks. .....

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Kajian ini adalah untuk menilai kebolehgunaan permainan Edu-Environment dalam membantu pelajar Tingkatan 1 memahami topik mengenai alam sekitar di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seremban. Dalam kajian ini, pembangunan permainan Edu- Environment adalah berdasarkan kepada model ADDIE. Pendekatan kuasi eksperimen telah diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Seramai 80 orang murid dipilih sebagai responden. Murid dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Setiap kumpulan diberi kaedah rawatan yang berbeza di mana kumpulan kawalan menggunakan kaedah konvensional dan kumpulan rawatan menggunakan permainan digital. Data dikumpul melalui ujian pra-pasca dan soal selidik serta dianalisis menggunakan ujian-T dua kumpulan sampel tak bersandar. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara markah pencapaian kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan dalam ujian pasca. Hasil dapatan yang diperoleh telah menunjukkan kumpulan rawatan telah mencatat .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti maksud pentaksiran kreatif mengikut pandangan guru prasekolah.Selain itu kajian ini adalah untuk menilai amalan pentaksiran kreatif di kalangan guru dalam pendidikan prasekolah berdasarkan temubual, pemerhatian dan cara guru menilai hasil kerja murid serta membina contoh rubrik penilaian hasil kerja murid berdasarkan elemen kreativiti(kelancaran,keluwesan,kejelasan dan keaslian)selari dengan prinsip pentaksiran kreatif.Pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kes telah digunakan dalam kajian ini dengan melibatkan kaedah triangulasi data iaitu pemerhatian,temu bual dan analisis dokumen.Subjek kajian melibatkan empat orang guru prasekolah dari empat jenis prasekolah yang berbeza di Daerah Tanjong Malim,Perak. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah protokol temubual dan nota catatan lapangan.Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis transkip temubual dan pemerhatian serta analisis dokumen. Hasil dapatan kajian .....

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Controlling and manipulation of inter-repetition rest (IRR) could develop diverse levels of fatigue  and manifest changes to lifting mechanics. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of  IRR on kinematic and kinetic of snatch lifting during multiple set exercise protocol. Fifteen male  (n=15) athletes participated in this study (age = 21.0 ± 1.41 years; body weight = 60.82 ± 2.45 kg; height = 165.70 ± 10.88 cm; snatch one- repetition   maximum  (1RM)/body  weight  =  0.73  ±  0.117).  Session  1  consisted  of anthropometric and 1RM  determination. Sessions 2-4 involved subjects performing 3 sets  x  5  repetitions  of  85%  1RM   with  10,  30,  or  50  seconds  of  IRR  implemented randomly. Joint angle displacement, joint  velocity, ground reaction force (GRF), and barbell  velocity  (BV)  were  obtained  during  each   protocol  using  VICON  Motion Analysis   (100Hz)   and   AMTI   force   plate.  Â.....

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Despite the vast research globally on the domestic violence, there is a little understanding of the experiences of multiracial women survivors in non-western countries. The overall image of domestic violence that emerges from the literature tends to concentrate on a privileged epistemological standpoint in western theory. Domestic violence is thus only understood in culturally-specific terms, as initially posited by white western feminists. Adopting a qualitative and participatory approach drawing Oll postcolonial theories, this paper presents the spatial and cultural accounts of multiracial women survivors of abusive relationships in Malaysia. The findings reveal that abused women lived in a form of intimate captivity under the perpetrator's intimate control centred on women's psyche and body. As a form of entrapment, every action or sign of resistance from the women is countered with various tactics by the perpetrator. This prevents the abused women fleeing, leading to a co.....

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The debate on the positive and negative dimensions of security tends to draw from securitization theory. Securitization theory has provided a service to this debate by exploring what happens when particular threats are labelled as a security issue by the securitizing actors. The positive/negative debate of securitization theory, especially in relation to migration, the environment and health, has been well established over the last decade. However, like other international relations (IR) theories, securitization theory is arguably 'western-centric' in outlook and scope, and the debate has not reflected the voices and experiences of other regional contexts. This thesis contributes to securitization debates by adding the perspective and experience of the Southeast Asia region. Southeast Asia provides a complex testing site for the securitization processes and debates in relation to a key public 'security' challenge, that of public health. The thesis empirically tests the consequences of .....

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Virtual environments and serious games are a popular media used to fulfil a variety of purposes, including teaching and learning. The former are computer-generated environments that present three-dimensional spatial representations. The latter are games which fundamentally combine virtual environments and gamification, and are used for objectives other than pleasure and pure entertainment. Most recent works have investigated the effect of virtual reality technology on learners, sense of presence and so on. However, less investigated is the relationship between the achievement oflearning objectives and the knowledge delivery methods utilised (knowledge representations and instruction modalities); or the effect of technology-enhanced learning on learner's mood after the intervention (and consequently, the learning) and whether there is any gender difference; or finally, the transfer of knowledge from virtual to the real world and its long-term retention; which are all elements .....

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In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), network nodes typically have short lifespans given that they are mobile, self-reconfigurable, and dependent on the battery power. To help mitigate such a problem, the Optimize Link State Routing protocol (OLSR) is considered the most appropriate routing protocol to extend nodes' lifespans. As such, this study was undertaken with the main aim to enhance the energy-saving system of MANET, with which nodes can function without failure by using a newly developed algorithm of the OLSR protocol. Specifically, the study involved the developments of three schemes, namely a new Load Balance Energy Distributed (LBED) scheme, a new enhancement energy-saving (NEES) scheme, and a New Enhanced OLSR Willingness Calculation (NEWC) scheme. Accordingly, a series of simulations was carried out to measure and quantify the performances of the LBED, NEES and NEWC schemes using the OLSR protocol. The performance criteria were based on the level of remaining bat.....

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The research aims to clarify the reality of the chaos of fatwas, and explain their forms, causes   and  roots,  with  setting  useful  solutions  and  major  remedies  in  providing  a solution to  this phenomenon. The research has followed a descriptive and analytical approach, by accurately  describing the phenomenon, analyzing its reasons, and then presenting  the  solutions  emerging   from  the  analysis  citing  the  legal  texts  and  the scholar’s opinion. The problem of research  is in the existence of this phenomenon and its spread and the multiplicity of its causes. The  research has reached conclusions on the  chaos  of  fatwas  topic  that  fatwas  have  been  since   the  dawn  of  Islam  the  most important mean for spreading and telling legal rulings, and the  role of fatwas in the development  of  contemporary  societies  politicaly,  economically  and   socially.  The causes of the chaos of fatwas are .....

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