This paper examines empirically the nature of the impact of the exchange rate on import, export and economic growth in Malaysia from 2009 until 2018. The objective of this study is to investigate the long-term and short-term relationship between endogenous and exogenous variables and also to identify the effects of exchange rates on dependent variables including imports, exports and the Gross Domestic Product (DGP) that represent the productivity of the country. This study further focuses on investigating the impact or the role of export in drive the county economic growth. In achieving these objectives, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) testing procedure is used to test the presence of unit root. In order to investigate the incidence of long run relationship between the data series, the Johansen Juselius Cointegration Vector is utilized. The Granger Causality in Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) framework is employed to differentiate between short run and long run causal effects in.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai dan fungsi yang terdapat dalam beberapa tangon-tangon (cerita rakyat) masyarakat Kadazandusun, serta mengenal pasti strategi pengajaran   guru  dalam  mendedahkan  nilai-nilai  murni  yang terdapat  dalam  tangon- tangon (cerita rakyat)  bagi pembentukan karakter murid sekolah rendah. Reka bentuk kajian   ini   merupakan   kajian   kes     yang   menggunakan   pendekatan   kualitatif. Pengumpulan  data  melalui  tiga  sumber  iaitu   pemerhatian,  temu  bual  dan  analisis dokumen.    Dokumen    yang    dianalisis    ialah     Himpunan    Cerita    Kadazandusun menggunakan Teori Pendekatan Moral sebagai landasan utama dan  Teori Formalistik sebagai teori sokongan pengkaji. Kaedah persampelan digunakan untuk menentukan  kesesuaian responden agar selari dengan objektif kajian. Seramai 7 orang guru Bahasa Kadazandusun  dan 72 orang murid tahap dua di beberapa buah sekolah rendah .....

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The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign languag.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti jenis kefahaman dalam pecahan mengikut dua  jenis  kefahaman  iaitu  kefahaman  instrumental  dan  kefahaman  relasional  dalam kalangan   murid  Tahun  Lima  dalam  menyelesaikan  masalah  matematik  berbentuk pecahan.  Kefahaman   instrumental  diklasifikasikan  berdasarkan  model  kefahaman Skemp manakala kefahaman relasional  diklasifikasikan berdasarkan Model Kefahaman Matematik oleh Pirie Kieren. Pendekatan kualitatif  telah digunakan dalam kajian kes ini. Pemilihan peserta kajian dijalankan secara pensampelan  bertujuan melibatkan 10 orang pelajar  Tahun Lima di sebuah sekolah di daerah Pekan, Pahang.  Instrumen yang digunakan  ialah  set  ujian  penyelesaian  masalah  matematik  pecahan.  Kajian   ini menggunakan  teknik  pengumpulan  data  secara  menyuarakan  fikiran  (think  aloud), temubual,  pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen. Data diperoleh daripada rakaman video dan audio. K.....

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The persistent rise in criminal cases of rape among teenagers has raised vital concern among the community. Due to this serious problems, it is really crucial to apprehend the psychological aspects of teenage rape victims on the basis of CTRT. The methodology used in this study was the case study method. Nine trainees from the Adolescent and Children Protection Centre were chosen and interviewed as study samples. The NVivo 12 software was used to analyse the findings. Based on findings, it is comprehensible that there are four psychological aspects of teenage rape victims on the basis of CTRT, namely acting, feeling, thinking and physiology. Main acting that they would execute are to tell their parents about what had happened before, lodge a police report, be in quiescent and hurt themselves. The teenage rape victims also show the thinking of blaming themselves, feeling useless, have an empty mind and thought of hurting themselves as well as to abort the child in the womb. In terms of .....

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The implementation of the SME Masterplan 2012-2020 for the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is expected to raise contribution share to total exports in gross domestic product (GDP) by 2020 in Malaysia. In this regard, the role of information, communication and technologies (ICT) is inevitable. This paper has two objectives. First is to identify the types of ICT device and network used by SMEs and their levels of ICT usage. Second is to determine their levels of exporting activity. Questionnaire is a main instrument for the data collection. Respondents consist of 14 SMEs. Sample size was determined after the discussion with the staff of SME Corp. Malaysia in the head office in Kuala Lumpur in this year, 2018. Majority of SMEs are from Selangor, followed by Perak and Kedah. Tablets/smartphones are the most popular types of ICT device among the respondent SMEs. In general, most respondents have only a moderate level of ICT usage in their business operations. Meanwhile, their level of e.....

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The aim of the study is to identify the materials used for teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) reading and the difficulties in selecting materials that cater to learners’ needs   and  abilities.  It  is  also  aimed  to  analyse  teachers’  views  on  English  Language Teaching  (ELT) materials in reading lessons and the principles considered in selecting or constructing  reading materials. Qualitative method was applied in this study. The data were collected through  pre-interview, reading lesson plans and post interview which involved three  English  as  Foreign   Language  (EFL)  Libyan  teachers  from  Libyan  international schools. The data was analysed using  the semantic analysis. The finding showed that the common  reading  materials  used  by  English   as  a  Foreign  Language  (EFL)  teachers  are reading  texts,  quizzes,  pictures,  and  music   videos.  It  was  proven  that  the  factors  that .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membina instrumen penilaian pembelajaran asas pembezaan dalam kalangan pelajar kejuruteraan di politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah. Instrumen yang dibina adalah   berbentuk  rubrik  dua  lapis  bagi  menilai  domain  kognitif  dan  afektif  pelajar. Domain   kognitif  terdiri  daripada  dua  konstruk  iaitu,  pengetahuan  sedia  ada  asas matematik dan  pengetahuan teknik asas pembezaan. Konstruk pengetahuan sedia ada asas matematik melibatkan  pengetahuan asas pelajar dalam aspek operasi bercampur, pecahan, indeks dan persamaan kuadratik.  Manakala konstruk pengetahuan teknik asas pembezaan pula dalam aspek kaedah pembezaan fungsi  polinomial, hasil tambah, tolak, darab  dan  bahagi,  dan  fungsi  gubahan.  Domain  afektif  pula   melibatkan  konstruk penerimaan pelajar terhadap pembezaan dalam aspek minat, sikap, kebimbangan  dan tabiat  pembelajaran  pelajar.  Semua  panel  pakar  mengesahkan  dan  bersetuju  unt.....

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This study is intended to develop a test instrument in testing sign language listening in School-based Assessment (SBA) and to test the effect of using the tests on deaf students. The purpose of this study is also to obtain validity and reliability of the test instrument known as Sign Language Listening Test for Deaf Candidate (IPULDCP). IPULDCP contains six elements namely instrument type, task, task form, item type, presentation mode and scoring method. This study involves the construction phase, the validity and reliability testing phase. It also examines the effect of IPULDCP usage on deaf students. The construction phase is to obtain data through questionnaires to special education teachers to determine the key elements in IPULDCP. The second phase is to obtain value of validity through interviews and written responses from a group of experts/specialists. In measuring the IPULDCP reliability, 40 special education teachers from Perak and Selangor were selected as the study responde.....

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This research is aimed to produce an efficient implementation technique for the 2-stage (G2) and 3-stage (G3) implicit Runge-Kutta Gauss methods in solving mathematical stiff problems.   Both methods are constructed by using Maple software and have been implemented by using Matlab  software numerically.  This research applied four imple- mentation strategies which are full Newton  without compensated summation (FNWSN), full Newton with compensated summation (FNCS), simplified  Newton without com- pensated summation (SNWCS) and simplified Newton with compensated summation  (SNCS). Comparison have been done with the implementations of Hairer and Wanner scheme, Cooper and  Butcher scheme, and González scheme. Results for stiff test prob- lems showed that SNCS is the most  efficient technique in solving some real life mathe- matical problems such as the Kepler,  Oregonator, Van der Pol, HIRES and Brusselator problems.  According to the numerical results, the  impleme.....

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