Thin-film photovoltaic materials like WS2 offer abundant, low-cost, transparent energy sources. WS2 boasts high carrier mobility, a superior optical absorption coefficient over 105 cm− 1, a favorable band gap of 1.3 eV, and non-toxic properties, making it a promising photon absorber. Previous studies explored various WS2-based solar cell designs for enhanced efficiency. This study investigates an ultrathin WS2 solar cell with Cu2O as the hole transport layer (HTL) and ZnSe as the electron transport layer (ETL). The traditional toxic CdS-based buffer structure is proposed to replace a ZnSe-based alternative. Results show significant enhancements in electrical characteristics, with a maximum conversion efficiency of 31.99% at the optimal bandgap, with a VOC of 1.03 V, a JSC of 35.26 mAcm− 2, and an FF of 88.08% with Cu2O HTL. On the other hand, we have got Voc of 0.97 V, Jsc of 35.02 mA/cm2, FF of 87.08%, and PCE of 29.72% without HTL. This suggests the potential of the proposed.....

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The current research aims to develop a Path Model for Under-17 Football Players in Indonesia and Malaysia. A qualitative approach toward Grounded theory was used to formulate the research. A total of 25 coaches, 15 from Malaysia and ten from Indonesia, participated in the current research, which was determined through a purposive sampling method. The criteria of the participants were having a coaching license and having a minimum of 5 years of coaching experience. The participants were interviewed to formulate the model for the Under-17 Football Players in Indonesia and Malaysia. The data collected was analyzed with qualitative research software, namely N-Vivo 14. In this study's approach to the evolved grounded theory, open encoding techniques, axial encodings, and selective encodes are used for data analysis. The result indicated that the model proposed in the current research consists of three aspects. The first aspect was the issue and challenges for the athlete's development, whic.....

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Purpose. This study aims to develop the construction of an agility test in wheelchair tennis. Material and methods.This research is a research development consisting of four stages. In the first stage, documents and research journals were analyzed to develop the construction of a wheelchair tennis agility test. The first step resulted in six aspects, namely: the definition of the agility test motion aspect, the suitability of the test to the state of the match aspect, ease in the agility test aspect, reliability aspect, clarity instructions on the image aspect, and security aspect. The Delphi technique was used in the second stage, and experts assessed the results of constructing the wheelchair tennis agility test in the first stage. In the third stage, the results of expert judgment with the Aiken formula were analyzed to test the validity of the contents. Participants in this study were documents and seven experts consisting of five national coaches and two experts with Doctoral degr.....

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The use of exercise in sports must be right on target on the physical component needed. Similarly, hurdling not only utilizes speed, but requires strength to get maximum results. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effects arising from the use of Running ABC exercises combined with Bodyweight Training. The study design used a two-group post-test pre-test of 22 trained male subjects enrolled in the study. The first stage includes initial tests to see initial ability and as a basis for determining the treatment group which is divided into two groups with ordinally paired patterns A-B-B-A for group alignment. Group 1 was given Running ABC exercises, and Group 2 Running ABC exercises were combined with Bodyweight Training. Each group was trained for 16 meetings. The test instrument used is a 50yard sprint over obstacles by measuring the speed of the athlete's travel time. The data analysis technique used was a difference test with IBM SPSS 24 statistics. The results of the study we.....

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The research reveals the impact of the course on English and English for mathematics conversations, highlighting improvements and identifying challenges in expressing mathematical ideas. Overall, it aims to analyze code-switching types and reasons in the English for Mathematics course context. Method: This qualitative case study explores code-switching in English for Mathematics courses, unveiling the nuanced types employed by lecturers and students during classroom interactions. From tag-switching to intrasentential and inter-sentential code-switching, the classroom becomes a dynamic linguistic canvas. The study investigates motivations behind this interplay, including internal factors like language proficiency and fear of linguistic missteps, and external influences like participant dynamics and contextual nuances. Research Findings and Discussions: Although this course is due in English, the use of the Indonesian language also happens for both lecturers and students. The occurrences.....

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The issue of undergraduate law students tends not to have clear work readiness, the data is obtained from several research results, the research findings have an indication of concern in interpreting the data which has an impact on inaccuracies in analyzing the data, the unclear construct of the instrument items studied, the measurements obtained depend on the characteristics of the test used, the item parameters depend on individual abilities, and measurement errors can only know for groups not individuals. Measuring instruments need to be tested for validity and reliability before being used on individuals to achieve valid and reliable goals. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of work readiness instruments based on the Work-Readiness Integrated Competence Model (WRICM) theory. Method: This research was conducted on 720 participants from several universities in Indonesia with a Cross Sectional Survey research design. The results of data collection were then analyzed .....

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This qualitative research explores the complex domain of comedy films in Indonesia and Malaysia, revealing the subtle cultural conflicts embedded within their mise-en-scène. This study examines the transforming function of cross-border humour, drawing upon Alfred Gell's notion of the "technology of enchantment.". By thoroughly examining four specific humour approaches, namely Language, Logic, Identity and Action, this study sheds light on the interconnected relationship between cultural negotiations and the development of shared experiences. The analysis of these films unveils cross-cultural humour, as a form of enchanting technology skilfully utilised by filmmakers to overcome intricate cultural disparities. This research examines the role of humour as a tool of enchantment, which can transcend linguistic, cultural, and social barriers and bring about significant changes in transcultural contacts. These films effectively combine elements of horror with humour, integrating feelings of.....

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the needs of athletes regarding monitoring the implementation of training programs for Android-based athletes and trainers. This research method is descriptive quantitative. The samples in this study were 20 athletes, 5 licensed trainers in petanque sports, and 1 expert in the fields of physical conditioning, 1 information, and technology. The data collection technique for this research was purposive sampling. The results of this study are that researchers found various things athletes need based on data in the field. The data is based on the results of distributing questionnaires and interviews with athletes, licensed petanque trainers, experts in physical conditioning, and experts in information and technology. These needs can be summarized in an Android-based application that can record data and athlete training developments on the field. Additional information from experts on physical conditions that monitor the implementation of petanque sp.....

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Background: The speed world record (WR) performance is an achievement made by athletes in the competitive rock-climbing category, where the athlete must complete the climbing route on a standard artificial climbing wall with a height of 15 m in the shortest possible time. Purpose: This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of visualization and relaxation training on athlete's performance; (2) the effect of self-efficacy on athlete's performance, and (3) the interaction between exercise (visualization, relaxation) and self-efficacy on the performance of rock-climbing athletes in the speed world record category. Design/methodology/approach: This research is experimental research with a true experimental design modified with a factorial design (2x2). The population in this study was all junior and youth WR speed rock climbing athletes, aged between 15-20 years in Yogyakarta and Central Java. A sample of 20 men athletes was taken with the Slovin Formula and ordinal pairing technique. The.....

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Las técnicas son un conjunto de formas que se utilizan como pautas para que cada movimiento sea más fácil de practicar y los resultados sean más perfectos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo descubrir la efectividad de la influencia del entrenamiento del drive de derecha en el tenis de mesa utilizando medios de tablero de retorno. Los investigadores llevaron a cabo el método experimental dando tratamiento a 120 estudiantes. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que la variable habilidad del golpe de derecha influye en la práctica de utilizar medios de tablero de retorno. Esto se desprende de un aumento en el valor promedio del pretest 21,42 y el postest 25,03 aumentó en 3,62. Además, visto de los resultados de la prueba T entre el pretest y el postest, se obtuvo un valor sig = 0,000, lo que significa < 0,05, por lo que Ho rechazó y Ha aceptó. Esto influye en el nivel de golpe de derecha antes y después del ejercicio. Se puede concluir que el entrenamiento de rebote tien.....

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