This study is intended to discover a methodology to lower the readability index of certain Malay literature texts, such as short stories and novels, used in Malaysian schools. A study was made on the methodology used to lower the readability index of Daniel Defoe’s . Oxford University Press lowered the readability index for , for three groups of readers, namely the university readers, and those of grades three and four. The methodology was adapted and used to lower the readability index of Usman Awang’s . This is a short story written by a well-known Malaysia’s literary figure, and his works are read by pupils in the secondary schools. The readability index of the short story was determined using Khadijah Rohani’s formula (1982). Subsequently, the readability index for the short story was lowered so that pupils from standard five in primary school can read it. It is hoped that, the methodology used in this study will be able to make a contribution in similar exercises to lower .....

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Fokus kajian ini ialah menyiasat keberkesanan pendekatan pengajaran Bahasa Melayu secara autentik terhadap penulisan karangan pelajar. Pendekatan autentik yang digunakan dalam kajian ini disandarkan model pengajaran dan pembelajaran autentik Zemelmen dan rakan-rakan (2005). Kajian kuasi eksperimen yang melibatkan dua kelas Tingkatan Dua yang setara, iaitu kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan eksperimen digunakan. Kumpulan kawalan menjalani aktiviti PdP karangan secara konvensional, manakala kumpulan rawatan mengikuti aktiviti PdP melalui pendekatan autentik. Ujian pra, ujian pasca, dan soal selidik digunakan. Ujian pra dan ujian pasca dijalankan bagi mendapatkan data tentang keberkesanan pendekatan autentik meningkatkan skor karangan pelajar. Dapatan kajian mendapati gred karangan pelajar dapat ditingkatkan setelah mengikuti pendekatan autentik ini. Dapatan kajian juga mendapati pendekatan ini dapat meningkat skor min karangan dalam ujian pasca secara signifikan. Dapatan kajian turut menunjuk.....

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Kajian yang dijalankan adalah bertujuan untuk mengenali bentuk dan amalan kesantunan berbahasa di sekolah. Dalam kajian ini, bentuk dan amalan kesantunan berbahasa di sekolah dilihat dari tiga aspek, iaitu aspek sosiolinguistik, pragmatik dan bahan bertulis, iaitu dokumen dan surat-menyurat. Sebanyak enam buah sekolah di sekitar negeri Perak dipilih untuk mendapatkan data yang berbentuk rakaman, pemerhatian, temu bual dan dokumen. Data-data yang dikutip melibatkan semua golongan yang berada di sekolah, iaitu pelajar, guru, pentadbir dan kakitangan. Hasil dapatan kajian ini menyenaraikan bentuk amalan kesantunan berbahasa yang menjadi amalan di sekolah. Selain itu, dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa kesantunan berbahasa masih menjadi amalan di sekolah namun ia berada pada tahap yang sederhana dan masih boleh diperbaiki dari masa ke masa. Oleh itu, dicadangkan agar kajian susulan dilakukan untuk mencari atau membina strategi atau kaedah yang dapat mempertingkatkan amalan kesantun.....

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Kajian yang dijalankan adalah bertujuan menentukan tahap bacaan murid terhadap bahan bacaan yang dihasilkan melalui Prosedur Menurunkan Tahap Kebolehbacaan. Ujian Kloz dan Inventori Bacaan Tidak Formal yang digunakan sebagai alat kajian adalah berdasarkan cerpen Kami yang Terlibat versi asal dan versi yang diturunkan tahap kebolehbacaannya. Kajian ini hanya menggunakan min dan peratus bagi menganalisis data. Dapatan kajian ini membuktikan Prosedur Menurunkan Tahap Kebolehbacaan berupaya menghasilkan bahan bacaan mengikut tahap yang diingini dan boleh digunakan sebagai teknik menghasilkan bahan bacaan...

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Purpose – The purpose of the study is to review readability formulae and offer a critique, based on a comparison of the grading of a variety of texts given by six well-known formulae. Methodology – A total of 64 texts in English were selected either by or for native English speaking children aged between six and 11 years. Each text was assessed using six commonly used readability formulae via the Words Count website (http://www.wordscount. info/) which provides automated readability indices using FOG, Spache, SMOG, Flesh-Kincaid and Dale-Chall. For the ATOS formula, the Renaissance Learning website was used (http://www.renlearn.com/ar/overview/atos/). Statistical tests were then carried out to check the consistency among the six formulae in terms of their predictions of levels of text difficulty. Findings – The analysis demonstrated significantly different readability indices for the same text using different formulae. It appeared that some of the formulae (but not all) were cons.....

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Purpose This study aims to develop a teaching model of the Malay language for non-native and foreign speakers in schools. Implementing this model can assist educators in teaching the Malay language to students who do not use it as their first language in everyday use. Methodology This study used a qualitative approach to develop teaching models for non-native and foreign Malay speakers. Interviews were conducted with 27 teachers and 23 stakeholders who are experts in teaching the Malay language, especially in teaching non-native speakers. A prototype model was developed thematically as a result of interviews using ATLAS.ti 22. Further, the prototype model was used by ten teachers from primary, secondary, and international schools in their teaching. Findings This study has succeeded in developing a model for teaching the Malay language to non-native speakers and foreigners that includes five elements: teaching strategies, individual differences, input, social, and motivation. This model.....

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This article aims to measure the effects of reading literacy to mathematical comprehension of fifth grade elementary students both in Indonesia and Malaysia. This article used quasi-experiment with factorial design. Samples included 398 students that consisted of 173 elementary students in Indonesia and 216 elementary students in Malaysia. The data were taken by using three instruments: a test and three questionnaires. A test was used to assess the students mathematical comprehension. Meanwhile, the questionnaires were used to measure their reading literacy and motivation to study mathematics. They have been validated by two experts and estimated the reliability coefficient by using the Cronbach Alpha formula. Experts judged the instruments were valid based on the content validity. The reliability coefficient of all of the instruments was more than 0.5 so they were reliable. A descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe the data, while the analysis variant was used to examine.....

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