Mallee Biomass is considered to be a second-generation renewable feedstock in Australia and will play an important role in bioenergy development in Australia. Its production is of large-scale, low cost, small carbon footprint and high energy efficiency. However, biomass as a direct fuel is widely dispersed, bulky, fibrous and of high moisture content and low energy density. High logistic cost, poor grindability and mismatch of fuel property with coal are some of the key issues that impede biomass utilisation for power generation. Therefore, innovations are in urgent need to improve biomass volumetric energy densification, grindability and good fuel matching if co-fired with coal. Biomass pyrolysis is a flexible and low-cost approach that can be deployed for this purpose. Via pyrolysis, the bulky biomass can be converted to biomass-derived high-energy-density fuels such as biochar and/or biooil. So far there has been a lack of fundamental understanding of mallee biomass pyrolysis and pr.....

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This thesis furnishes a clear idea on the current scenario of word-formation in Tamil, particularly in the Malaysian context. A total of 496 words have been collected as data for this study from the nationwide published Malaysian Tamil newspaper; 'Malaysia Nanban'. This study by and large answered technical questions: word-formation processes, genres and classes of words and identifying linguistic and grammatical weakness and conflicts. Field study has been conducted to answer social questions such as: attitudes of language users, their expectation and suggestions for better word-formation in Tamil. It was found that the language users were not very satisfied with the current progress of word-formation in Tamil. The result obtained from the questionnaire demonstrates that the language users are supportive of language development, particularly in word-formation. The analysis of this study has been divided into three sections based on the source of data viz. newspaper, questionnaire and .....

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Ahmad,  KB.  (2002) An Overview of Architecture Education  in the Contemporary  Muslim World.  In:  Petruccioli, A  & Pirani,  KK,   2002. Understanding  Islamic Architecture,  Oxon: RutledgeCurzon,  pp. 129-132.   Akib,   M.S.,Yaacob,   A,Jusoh,W.J.And   Ibrahim,S .(2000)  Muzium-muzium   di   Kelantan.  Malaysia. Perbadanan Muzium Negeri Kelantan.   Andaya,  L.Y.(2001)  The  Search  for  the  ' Origins '  of  Melayu.  Journal  of  Southeast  Asian  Studiest, 32(3), 315-330   Antrop,  M.  (2004)    Rural-urban  Conflicts  and  Opportunities.    The  Dimensions  of  the  European Landscape, 83-91   Antrop,  M.  (2005)  Why  landscapes  of  the  past  are  important  for  the  future.  Landscape  Urban Planning. 70 (l-2), 21-34   Ardalan,  N.(2002)  "Simultaneous  Perplexi ty":  The  Paradise  Garden  as  the  Quintessential  Visual  Paradigm  of Islamic  Architecture  and  Beyond .  I.....

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This thesis aims to study adjectives in the Malay language with particular focus on adjectives related to senses. 38 adjectives have been chosen as sample for this study. Component meaning analysis is used to analysis the adjectives related to senses. This component meaning analaysis aims to analayse and interpret the meaning of every word based on the similarity of the features which is shared by these words. Words with high levels of synonymity leads to share a number of fetures compared to a low level of synonymity. The synonymity of words can be seen clearly based on the similarity of features with is symbolised as [ + ]. This study also reveals that there are words that neither share any general meaning features nor diagnostic features. Every adjective is interpreted using collocation methodology. This refers to the utilisation of words in sentences contexts and reveals the meaning of the words that are being studied based corpus data from Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). The subst.....

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Student's academic performance is a prime concern to high level educational institution since it will reflect the performance of the institution. The differences in academic performance among students are topics that has drawn interest of many academic researchers and our society. One of the biggest challenges in universities decision making and planning today is to predict the performance of their students at the early stage prior to their admission. We address the application of inferring the degree classification of students using their background data in the dataset obtained from one of the high level educational institutions in Malaysia. We present the results of a detailed statistical analysis relating to the final degree classification obtained at the end of their studies and their backgrounds. Classification tree model produce the highest accuracy in predicting student's degree classification using their background data as compared to Bayesion network and naive Bayes. The signi.....

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The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the implementation of Computer in Education Program (COEP/KDP) and its effect to students in few selected schools in Sabak Bernam. It is a descriptive correlation study to measure knowledge about computer, understanding about computer, importance of computer usage and effect on academic performance among students after the KDP’s programme. This observavation had been made on 200 form two students in several school using 2 sets of quirie form. The data then collected and analised using the Science Social Package of Statistic(SPSS 11.5). The descriptive and infrence had been used to analise the questions. The thesis is made to investigate about the situations below here’s a significance coloration between the improvement usage of the computer and the KDP’S program. There’s a significance coloration between the improvement of understanding of computer and the KDP’S programme. There’s a significance coloration between the expertise in u.....

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Phenotyping of human muscle based on its profile of myosin heavy chain isoforms is commonly used to help understand changes in muscle function. However, in many instances, measureable changes in force output or contractility occur in the absence of any change in myosin heavy chain profile. Therefore, more sophisticated analysis is required. Proteomic techniques including 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, highperformance liquid chromatography and peptide mass spectrometry can be used to investigate changes in the abundance of hundreds of proteins simultaneously. To date, such techniques have not been used to specifically characterise the human myofibrillar proteome, or study how the myofibrillar proteome relates to muscle outputs such as peak isometric force or the velocity of contraction. This thesis presents a series of studies that develop proteomic techniques for the analysis of myofibrillar proteins as well as optimisation of techniques for measuring the range of muscle output fro.....

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The chromaticity of graphs is the term used referring to the question of chromatic equivalence and chromatic uniqueness of graphs. Since the arousal of the interest on the chromatically equivalent and chromatically unique graphs, various concepts and results under the said areas of research have been discovered and many families of such graphs have been obtained. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute new results on the chromaticity of graphs, specifically, K4 - homeomorphs with girth 9 and 6-bridge graphs. A K4 - homeomorph is a graph derived from a complete graph, K4. Such a homeomorph is denoted by K4(a, b, c, d, e, f) where the six edges of K4 are replaced by the six paths of length a, b, c, d, e and f. Let N and Ok be a set of natural numbers and a multigraph with two vertices and k edges, respectively. For any aI, a2, ... , ak E N, the graph O(al' a2, ... , ak) is a subdivision ofOk where the edged of Ok are replaced by paths of length a1,a2,...,ak,respectively. The subdivis.....

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This thesis aimed to investigate digital methods for identification, classification, and correction of particle images using digital holographic microscopy. The work begins with a micro-scale flow experiment employing a digital off-axis holographic microscope. To overcome noise from out-of-focus particle images due to the increase in the particle concentration, a new particle image identification algorithm with threedimensional reconstruction was introduced. It shows that individual particle images could be identified at about 62% of the expected number of particles. However, a cylindrical micro-channel used in the experiment was found as the main source of astigmatism. Following this, an automatic image classification using neural network was proposed to classify reliable and astigmatic particle images. A feed-forward backpropagation neural network with two class classifier was trained, achieving overall accuracy of 99.8%. Next, an original method of aberration correction using a prio.....

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The classical landscape poetry has its own function of aesthetics of life according to the traditional Chinese literary criticism. This thesis explores the structure of aesthetics of life of the contemporary classical landscape poetry created by the Nam Chou Poetry Anthology in Malaysia from 1973 to 1990. To expose the nature of the structure, this thesis also indicates it from the perspective of aesthetics of life of Tang's landscape poetry. Throughout the study, the implication of the Nam Chou Poetry's landscape poetry can be divided thematically into three phases: the Autumn Period (1973), the Mount and Water Period (1974-1980), and the Mount Period (1981-1990). However, the nature of the whole landscape poetries can be aesthetically summarized as quite similar to the leisure poetry of the great landscape poet in the Tang, Bai Juyi (772-846), which is smooth and graceful in feeling and its beauty, plain and fascinating. In a nutshell, for the Nam Chou Poetry's poets, landscape poetr.....

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