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Tan Sri P. Ramlee’s (1929-1973) music dominated the popular music scene in Malaya (prior to 1957 when Malaysia became independent) during the mid-twentieth century. The local communities during his time were captivated by his velvety crooning voice and musical style. P. Ramlee’s music featured strong influences from Western tonality, yet exuded the musical aesthetics of the cultures inherent in Malaya. His music was influenced by the demands and aesthetics of urban entertainment, the rich multi-cultural society and the socio-political atmosphere. Many of P. Ramlee’s songs were influenced by the background of its directors who suited his songs to the themes and storyline of their films. The interplay between these various power structures were important in shaping P. Ramlee’s music. In this article, I argue that although P. Ramlee’s music mainly utilised Western musical instruments, tonality, and harmonies, his music was also localised to the flavour of the Malay, Chinese, Ind.....

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The music acquisition and aesthetics of children in two Orang Asli villages, the Mah Meri of Kampung Sungai Bumbun, Carey Island, Selangor; and the Semai of Kampung Ulu Geroh, Gopeng has shifted from an oral tradition transmitted from ancestral lineages to institutionalized learning acquired from a teacher outside the Orang Asli cultural traditon. The interaction of Orang Asli children with friends from multicultural backgrounds, exposure to the mass media, and the evangelization of religious groups has also increasing dislocated Orang Asli children's music from a place-based and ethnic heritage to one "deterritorialized" space and time. These phenomena emerged due to the nation's hegemonic policies of assimilation, development and globalization since Independence in 1957. This article discusses the variable that influence and determine the music acquisition of Mah Meri and Semai children today. These variables include; issues of identity, worldviews and religion, tourism, locality, th.....

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This article's aim is to provide an overview of network security encryption technologies. This article discusses the different types of cryptographic techniques, advantages, and disadvantages of cryptography on network security. First, we will go over the different cryptographic techniques' operational characteristics. The approach entails comparing and observing the outcomes of 20 different papers. The survey's findings would demonstrate the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages posed by cryptographic technology, allowing the general public to gain a deeper understanding of the technology...

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The Jahai are one among 18 indigenous Orang Asli groups in peninsular Malaysia. They perform the traditional pinloin, a song and dance genre, during the pano ceremony (séances) and tree and fertility rituals. The song text and music of pinloin is taught to the Jahai halaq (shaman) by their chenoi (spirit guide) through dreams. Pinloin song text manifests the flora and fauna of the rainforest of Malaysia as depicted by the chenoi. Today (2016), the function of pinloin as a ritual enactment has shifted to a form of entertainment or cultural experience for tourists, visitors and visiting dignitaries. This change has resulted in a disruption in the transmission of the traditional pinloin song text. In this article, I argue that there is an increase in the use of the pastiche approach such as random sharing of fragments of song text, sporadic unfolding of narratives and little connection between the title and song text in pinloin song text compositions due to the influence of the ‘touris.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membina modul pembacaan awal yang berunsurkan integrasi muzik dan gerakan (MUZKAN). Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk interaktif dan holistik. Seorang guru dan 18 orang kanakkanak prasekolah yang dipilih secara bertujuan dilibatkan sebagai peserta dalam tiga fasa kajian iaitu pembinaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian. Modul yang mengandungi empat sub topik, iaitu ‘Nyanyi Fonik ABC’, ‘Rasa Sayang KV’, ‘Saya Suka Baca’ dan ‘Nyanyi dan Baca’ dibina berteraskan Model Dick dan Carey. Data kajian dikumpul menerusi proses pencerapan pengajaran dan pembelajaran, temu bual, dan bukti dokumen. Data tersebut dianalisis bagi mendapatkan maklumat tentang kekuatan dan kelemahan modul ini dalam proses pembinaannya. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa modul MUZKAN yang dibina dapat menggalakkan kemahiran kesedaran fonologikal, kelancaran membaca dan kefahaman kandungan bahan bacaan. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa modul in.....

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This article provides a critical reflection on the participatory approach methodology and the collaborative creation approach used in an advocacy project to sustain the musical heritage of the indigenous Semai community in Malaysia. These approaches were examined through the medium of an advocacy project that aimed to stimulate the interest of Semai youth in traditional music through relevance, engagement, and connection with their current musical interest and skills. The intention of the project was to also co-create new traditional music with the Semai youth through live musical interaction, improvisation and jam sessions with the research team. This article explored the research team?s use of the ?Participatory Action Research? (PAR) method, which involved planning, action, observation, reflection, and revision during the initial stages of our advocacy project. Our findings suggest a narrative style in discussing advocacy processes because they occur in a lateral than the linear or .....

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