Calixarenes is widely used as a sensor material due to nanoporous film structure. We used a type of calix[4]arenes to observe the suitability of calixarenes paired with Pb2+ ions. Langmuir Blodgett technique was used to observe the surface pressure-area (Π-A) isotherm, surface potential-area (ΔV-A) isotherm and effective dipole moment (μ⊥) characteristic of the calixarenes due to the binding interaction. The radius of Calixarenes‘ cavity was determined from its isotherm and we found that the cavity‘s radius is inversely proportional to spreading volume. When the PbCl2 salt is introduced into the subphase, the Pb2+ions begin to interact with Mat 3 until stabilization is achieved indicating the greatest number of ions that can bind with Mat 3 has been reached. Hence, ion sensing of Pb2+ ions using Mat 3 can be achieved over the range of 0 - 6.50×10−2-2 mM..

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This study aims to develop novel calixarenes monolayer and multilayer films for sensing properties of heavy metals ion, namely Pb2+ and Cd2+, using Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films techniques. Langmuir monolayer formation at the air-water interface was achieved by spreading amphiphilic molecules on water subphase and compressing them into an ordered arrangement. LB films were formed by transferring the floating monolayer molecules at the air-water interface onto a solid substrate. The properties of the calixarenes molecules developed from Langmuir film were discussed on terms of surface pressure-area (?-A) isotherms, surface potential (ΔV) and effective dipole moment (μ?) of the molecules in the absence and presence of metal ions. The calixarenes LB films were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy to identify their optical properties. FTIR analysis yielded useful information regarding the specific interactions of calixarenes and the tested metal ions. Under the optimum ex.....

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