Teachers regularly attend assessments on students to identify students’ levels of mastery. Achievement tests as a quality measurement tool are quintessential so that the conclusions obtained are reliable and significant. Therefore, high-quality achievement tests need to satisfy specific criteria by going through standard procedures. Nonetheless, time and competency constraints lead teachers to utilise economic test questions that do not reach specific standards. Therefore, this research intended to develop and test the validity and reliability of economic achievement tests. An economic achievement test instrument was developed, consisting of 30 objective questions based on Bloom’s taxonomy. The testing of the instrument involved 40 respondents of Form Six economics students. The researchers appointed five experts to evaluate the validity of the content of the achievement test questions. At the same time, the construct validity and instrument reliability test analysis involved item-.....

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Malaysia is committed to intensifying digital services to satisfy the demands and needs of today’s society. The Jalinan Digital Negara (JENDELA) (2020-2022) was launched to concentrate on home learning needs by expanding broadband access with more reliable internet coverage as one of the national agendas. Google Classroom is one of the learning management system applications that are the top choice employed in Malaysia. The application enables communication and discussion facilities to facilitate students to perform collaborative learning. Earlier collaborative learning researchers have often examined its influence on academic achievement. Nevertheless, it leaves the question of to which extent Google Classroom’s collaborative learning approach impacts economics students’ self-efficacy. This research intended to test the effect of Google Classroom-assisted learning on the self-efficacy of economics students. This quasi-experimental study employed pre-questionnaires and post-quest.....

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It is important to educate financial literacy to pre-service teachers to manage their money well and to disseminate the knowledge to their students. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of MOOC in promoting financial literacy among pre-service teachers. This paper also examines the correlation among the variables of financial literacy, collaborative skills, problem-solving, accountability, and decision-making. Pre-service teachers' views were discussed after attending the MOOC. The study adopted a mixed-method research design. A total of 100 pre-service teachers were selected through a random-sampling technique to participate in the survey. A purposive sampling technique was used to pick five of the participants for the follow-up interview. The quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative data were analyzed on the basis of content analysis. The quantitative method yielded favourable descriptive statistics; and they also show.....

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Artikel ini membincangkan tentang Rumah Besar Penghulu Raja Bilah di Papan yang dibina pada tahun 1896 dan hubungannya dengan masyarakat Mandailing di Perak sehingga 1940. Objektif utama kajian ini ialah membuktikan bagaimana kewujudan Rumah Besar tersebut sebagai simbol kepada penyatuan dan kekuatan masyarakat Mandailing di Perak semenjak akhir kurun ke-19. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif menerusi pendekatan sejarah iaitu mendapatkan bahan, menilai kesahihan, menganalisis kandungan dan seterusnya mensintesis bahan menjadi sebuah karya sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa Rumah Besar Penghulu Raja Bilah di Papan dibina selepas kehadiran masyarakat Mandailing dari Sumatera ke Ipoh pada tahun 1896 selepas Raja Bilah dilantik sebagai penghulu. Seni bina Rumah Besar ini menggunakan campuran kayu dan batu untuk menghasilkan struktur bangunan dua tingkat. Gaya seni bina Rumah Besar ini mengikut gaya seni bina Mandailing iaitu Bagas Godang. Bagas Godang bagi masyarakat Mandai.....

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