Abah, J. (2020). An Appeal in the Case involving Conventional Teaching: 

Emphasizing the Transformation to Enhanced Conventional Teaching in 

Mathematics Education. VillageMath Educational Review (VER), 1(1), 1–10. 

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860320 

 

Abburi, R., Praveena, M., & Priyakanth, R. (2021). TinkerCad - a web based 

application for virtual labs to help learners think, create and make. Journal of 

Engineering Education Transformations, 34(Special Issue), 535–541. 

https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2021/v34i0/157209 

 

Adrina, N., Hashim, E., Surat, S., & Zulkifli, H. (2023). Kesahan dan 

Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen Pelaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran dalam 

Talian Guru Pendidikan Islam Sekolah Rendah. BITARA International Journal of 

Civilizational Studies and Human Sciences, 6(2), 124–140. 

 

Adler, M., & Ziglio, E. (Eds.). (1996). Gazing into the oracle. Bristol, PA: Kingsley. 

 

Afif Nawi, Zakaria, G. A. N., Hashim, N., & Ren, C. C. (2015). Penilaian kualiti 

modul iPBL: Aspek kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan (Assessing the quality of 

iPBL module: validity and reliability aspects). Journal of Quality Measurement 

and Analysis JQMA, 11(2), 1–10. 

 

Agudelo, J. F., & Morales Vasco, A. M. (2019). Project-Based Learning as a catalyst 

for Students and Teacher Autonomy development: The experience in a State 

School in Nilo, Cundinamarca. GIST – Education and Learning Research 

Journal, 19(19), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.699 

 

Aguti, B. (2015). A Model to Facilitate Effective E-learning in Technology-Enhanced 

Learning Environments within Universities. Retrieved from 

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.06.010 

 

Ahmad, M. T., Razalli, A. R., & Shaffeei, K. (2023). Tinjauan analisis keperluan 

modul pengajaran kemahiran membaca dalam kalangan guru pemulihan khas. 

Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI, 16, 92–104. Retrieved from 

https://ojs.upsi.edu.my/index.php/JPB/article/view/8000%0Ahttps://ojs.upsi.edu.

my/index.php/JPB/article/download/8000/4402 

 

Ain, N., Daud, M., & Ahmad, N. (2016). Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Modul I-Sc 

( Islamic Spiritual Counseling ) ke atas Pelajar Bermasalah Tingkah Laku. 

International Journal of Islamic Thought, 9, 32–43. 

 

Ali, A., & Yunus, F. (2019). Abstract and Concrete Teaching Methods in Improving 

Pre-Literacy. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 

284–295. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.4310025 

 

Ali, D. F., Yahya, S. S., & Omar, M. (2020). Penggunaan Aplikasi Augmented 

Reality dalam Topik Litar Asas Elektronik. Innovative Teaching and Learning 

Journal, 3(2), 1–7. 

 

Aliza, A., & Zahari, M. (2016). Pembangunan dan kebolehgunaan modul berasaskan 

bermain bagi pembelajaran kemahiran bahasa Melayu kanak-kanak prasekolah. 

Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 6(1), 16–29. 

 

Almelhi, A. M. (2021). Effectiveness of the ADDIE Model within an E-Learning 

Environment in Developing Creative Writing in EFL Students. English 

Language Teaching, 14(2), 20. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n2p20 

 

Alshatri, S. H. H., Wakil, K., Jamal, K., & Bakhtyar, R. (2019). Teaching Aids 

Effectiveness in Learning Mathematics. International Journal of Educational 

Research Review, 448–453. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573949 

 

Amrullah, M. F. N., Mohamad, W. M. R. W., & Mahamod, Z. (2022). Pembangunan 

Modul Pengajaran Simpulan Bahasa: Analisis Keperluan Guru. Jurnal 

Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 12(2), 82–93. Retrieved from 

https://spaj.ukm.my/jpbm 

 

Anggraeni, C. W. (2018). Promoting Education 4.0 in English for Survival Class: 

What are the Challenges? Metathesis: Journal of English Language, Literature, 

and Teaching, 2(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.31002/metathesis.v2i1.676 

 

Anis, A. (2015). The C Programming Language. International Journal of Innovative 

Research in Technology, 2(6), 107–108. 

 

Anne Myers, Christine H. Hansen (2011). Experimental psychology Wadsworth 

.Thomson Learning, Pacific Grove 

 

Anthony C. Fisher and John V (1975). Krutilla The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 

vol. 89, issue 3, 358-370 

 

Arumugham, K. S. (2020). Kurikulum, Pengajaran Dan Pentaksiran Dari Perspektif 

Pelaksanaan Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah. Asian People Journal (APJ), 3(1), 152–

161. https://doi.org/10.37231/apj.2020.3.1.175 

 

Asgari, S., Trajkovic, J., Rahmani, M., Zhang, W., Lo, R. C., & Sciortino, A. (2021). 

An observational study of engineering online education during the COVID-19 

pandemic. PLoS ONE, 16(4 April), 1–17. 

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250041 

 

Ashaari, O. (1999). Pengajaran Kreatif untuk Pembelajaran Aktif/ Omardin Ashaari. 

Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka 

 

Assem, H. (2018). Using Demonstration Method To Improve Basic Stage Two Pupils 

Performance on the Topic “Simple Electronic Circuit” At Juaben Presbyterian 

Primary School. International Journal of Advanced Research, 6(8), 507–514. 

https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/7548 

 

Azman, M. N. A., Azli, N. A., Mustapha, R., Balakrishnan, B., & Isa, N. K. M. 

(2014). Penggunaan alat bantu mengajar ke atas guru pelatih bagi topik kerja 

kayu, paip dan logam. Sains Humanika, 3(1), 77–85. 

 

Basu, R. (2018). Instructional Design Models : Benefits and Challenges. UGC 

Approved Journal, Vol.-41 N(June), 31–36. 

 

Berg, K., & Latin, R. (1994). Essential of modern research methods. Englewood 

Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc 

 

Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2003). Qualitative Research of Education: An 

Introductive to Theories and Methods (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon 

 

B. Amin, A. (2023). Hubungan Persekitaran Pembelajaran dan Pencapaian Akademik 

Pelajar Tingkatan Enam. Jurnal Pemikir Pendidikan, 11(1), 23–35. 

https://doi.org/10.51200/jpp.v11i1.4278 

 

Boulet, G. (2007). Rapid Prototyping : An Efficient Way to Collaboratively Design 

and Develop E-learning Content. 1–5. 

 

Branch, R. M. (2009). Approach, Instructional Design: The ADDIE. In Department of 

Educational Psychology and Instructional Technology University of Georgia 

(Vol. 53). 

 

Bruce W. Tuckman, Brian E. Harper 2012 Conducting Educational Research 

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers 

 

Budi, A. H. S., Juanda, E. A., Fauzi, D. L. N., Henny, H., & Masek, A. (2021). 

Implementation of simulation software on vocational high school students in 

programming and arduino microcontroller subject. Journal of Technical 

Education and Training, 13(3), 108–114. 

https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2021.13.03.010 

 

Budiastuti, P., Damarwan, E. S., Triatmaja, A. K., & Setyanto, B. N. (2023). 

Development of Electrical Machine Training Kits to Increase Competency in 

Practical Learning and Work Readiness in The Industry. ELINVO (Electronics, 

Informatics, and Vocational Education), 8(1), 96–102. 

 

Campbell, dan Stanley. (1963). Experimental and quasi experimental design for 

research. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780195389678-0053 

 

Che Noh, M. A., Mohamad, N., Abd Halim, A. H., & Abu Bakar, A. A. (2018). 

Perlaksanaan Kaedah Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek dalam Pengajaran dan 

Pembelajaran Kaedah Fiqh. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special 

Needs, 2(2), 14–23. https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol2no2.15 

 

Chin Soon, C. (2019). The moderating effect of logic in the learning of C++ computer 

programming using screencasting. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational 

Technology, 7(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.17220/mojet.2019.02.006 

 

Chua Yan Piaw. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Asas Statistik 

penyelidikan buku 2. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw-Hill. 

 

Chua, Y. (2014). Asas statistik penyelidikan(Edisi ke3). Kuala Lumpur: : McGraw-

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. 

 

Clayton, M. J. (1997). Delphi: A technique to harness expert opinion for critical 

decision-making tasks in education. Educational Psychology, 17(4), 373–

386. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341970170401 

 

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed 

Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 

 

Creswell,J.W.(2016). Educational research: Pearson new international edition: 

planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th 

Ed. ). Boston: Pearson Education Limited 

 

C. M. Smith & Michael J. Parsons (1972) Comparative Education, The Educational 

Forum, 37:1, 109-110, DOI: 10.1080/00131727209339150 

 

Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. 

Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. 

 

D’Angelo, T., Bunch, J. C., & Thoron, A. C. (2018). Instructional Design Using the 

Dick & Carey Systems Approach. Edis, 2018(2), 1–5. 

https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-wc294-2018 

 

Dean, J., Rieland, J. M., & Love, B. J. (2021). Development of a Microcontroller-

Based, Small-Scale Rotational Fiber Collection Device. Journal of Chemical 

Education, 98(12), 4061–4066. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00720 

 

Dewey, J. (1897). My pedagogic creed. The School Journal, 54, 77-80. 

 

De Vellis, R. F. (2003). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (2nd ed., Vol. 

26). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 

 

Diana, N., Yohannes, & Sukma, Y. (2021). The effectiveness of implementing 

project-based learning (PjBL) model in STEM education: A literature review. Journal 

of Physics: Conference Series, 1882(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-

6596/1882/1/012146 

 

Dias, M. , & Brantley-Dias, L. (2017). Setting the Standard for Project Based 

Learning: A Proven Approach to Rigorous Classroom Instruction. 

Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 11(2). Available at: 

https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1721 

 

Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. O. (2005). The systematic design of instruction. 

(6th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. 

 

Eldridge, S. M., Lancaster, G. A., Campbell, M. J., Thabane, L., Hopewell, S., 

Coleman, C. L., & Bond, C. M. (2016). Defining feasibility and pilot studies in 

preparation for randomised controlled trials: Development of a conceptual 

framework. PLoS ONE, 11(3), 1–22. 

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150205 

 

Enlow, J. L., Marin, D. M., & Walter, M. G. (2015). Developing a Polymer 

Semiconductor Education Kit and Curriculum for High School Science 

Classrooms. Macromolecular Symposia, 355(1), 43–51. 

https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.201500079 

 

Epin, A., & Nasri, N. M. (2021). Modul Celik Karangan: Meningkatkan Kemahiran 

dan Minat Murid Tahun Enam Dalam Penulisan Karangan Jenis Fakta (Essay 

Literacy Module: Improving the Skills and Interest of Year Six Pupils in Writing 

Factual Essays). 3(2), 130–143. Retrieved from 

http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd 

 

Erdogan, R., Saglam, Z., Cetintav, G., & Karaoglan Yilmaz, F. G. (2023). 

Examination of the usability of Tinkercad application in educational robotics 

teaching by eye tracking technique. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1). 

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00242-0 

 

Eryilmaz, S., & Deniz, G. (2021). Effect of Tinkercad on students’ computational 

thinking skills and perceptions: A case of Ankara Province. TOJET: The Turkish 

Online Journal of Educational Technology, 20(1), 25–38. Retrieved from 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-740Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0932-6133 

 

Farhana, N., Jais, M., Ishak, S. A., & Yunus, M. (2022). Developing the Self-Learning 

Interactive Module using ADDIE Model for Year 5 Primary School Students 

Developing the Self-Learning Interactive Module using ADDIE Model for Year 5 

Primary School Students. 1(1), 615–630. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-

i1/11919 

 

Fathia, N. F., Hanafi, I., & Rif’an, M. (2018). Development of microprocessor 

learning media using zilog z-80 for vocational school students of electronic 

engineering expert program. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 8(3), 238. 

https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v8i3.20795 

 

Fatriyana, M. (2020). Cnc Program and Programming of Cnc Machine. Journal of 

Mechanical Science and Engineering, 7(1), 019–023. 

https://doi.org/10.36706/jmse.v7i1.37 

 

Fauzi Hussin, Jamal Ali, & Mohd Saifoul Zamzuri Noor. (2014). Kaedah 

penyelidikan & analisis data SPSS. UUM Sintok, Kedah: UUM Press 

 

Flannelly, K. J., Flannelly, L. T., & Jankowski, K. R. B. (2018). Threats to the 

internal validity of experimental and quasi-experimental research in healthcare. 

Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 24(3), 107–130. 

https://doi.org/10.1080/08854726.2017.1421019 

 

Furwana, D., & Syam, A. T. (2021). “Listening is Hard”: ADDIE Model on the 

Development of English Listening Worksheets. Journal of Language and 

Literature, 16(1), 52–60. https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v16i1.30355 

 

Garson, G. D. (2016). Validity and Reliability. Statistical Associates Publishing. 

Retrieved from www.statisticalassociates.com 

 

Gero, A., Stav, Y., & Yamin, N. (2017). Use of real world examples in engineering 

education: The case of the course Electric Circuit Theory. World Transactions on 

Engineering and Technology Education, 15(2), 120–125. 

 

Ghazali Darusalam dan Sufian Hussin. (2016). Metodologi Penyelidikan dalam 

pendidikan: Amalan dan analisis kajian. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit UM 

 

Ghavifekr, S., & Rosdy, W. A. W. (2015). Teaching and learning with technology: 

Effectiveness of ICT integration in schools. International Journal of Research in 

Education and Science, 1(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.21890/ijres.23596 

 

Goldman, R., Eguchi, A., & Sklar, E. (2004). Using educational robotics to engage 

inner-city students with technology. Proceedings of the 6th International, 

2003(I), 214–221. Retrieved from 

http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1149151%5Cnpapers2://publication/uuid/65BF6840-A961-4FCE-B0B8-7C8B88AF6FAF 

 

Güven, Y., Coşgun, E., Kocaoğlu, S., Ezİcİ, H. G., & Yilmazlar, E. (2017). 

Understanding the Concept of Microcontroller Based Systems To Choose The 

Best Hardware For Applications Understanding the Concept of Microcontroller 

Based Systems To Choose The Best Hardware For Applications. Research 

Inventy: International Journal of Engineering And Science, 6(December), 38–44. 

 

Hamid, M. A., Permata, E., Aribowo, D., Darmawan, I. A., Nurtanto, M., & 

Laraswati, S. (2020). Development of cooperative learning based electric circuit 

kit trainer for basic electrical and electronics practice. Journal of Physics: 

Conference Series, 1456(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1456/1/012047 

 

Hamid, M. F. A., Halim, Z. A., & Sahrir, M. S. (2020). An insight on needs analysis 

towards the development of animated infographic module in Arabic grammar 

learning. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16(3), 1387–1401. 

https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.803813 

 

Hamidah Yusof, Jamal Yunus, & Khalip Musa. (2014). Kaedah penyelidikan 

pengurusan pendidikan. Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Hamzah, N., Roziyati Omar, Ariffin, A., Rubani, S. N. K., & Subramaniam, T. S. 

(2018). Penggunaan Kaedah Nyanyian dalam Mata Pelajaran Reka Bentuk dan 

Teknologi. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 3(Multidisciplinary Research 

in Education), 179–185. 

 

Hanif, A. S., Azman, M. N., Pratama, H., Nazirah, N., & Imam, M. (2016). Kit 

pemantauan penyambungan litar elektrik: satu kajian efikasi alat bantu mengajar. 

Geografia : Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 12(3), 69–78. 

 

Hariatul Hafidzah Mahmad Khory, Mohd Nazri Abdul Rahman, & Muhammad Azhar 

Zailani. (2021). Pengurusan Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah Mata Pelajaran Bahasa 

Arab Berasaskan Keperluan Pembelajaran Murid. Jurnal Kepimpinan 

Pendidikan, 8(2), 41–57. 

 

Harris, J. L., Al-Bataineh, M. T., & Al-Bataineh, A. (2020). One to One Technology 

and its Effect on Student Academic Achievement and Motivation. Contemporary 

Educational Technology, 7(4), 368–381. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/6182 

 

Hew, K. F., Jia, C., Gonda, D. E., & Bai, S. (2020). Transitioning to the “new normal” 

of learning in unpredictable times: pedagogical practices and learning 

performance in fully online flipped classrooms. International Journal of 

Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1). 

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00234-x 

 

Husin, N. A., Ramli, M., & Alwi, D. M. (2022). Tinkercad simulation software to 

optimize online teaching and learning in embedded internet of things. Journal of 

Counseling and Educational Technology, 5(2), 49–57. 

 

Hussain, A., Hammad, M., Hafeez, K., & Zainab, T. (2016). Programming a 

Microcontroller. International Journal of Computer Applications, 155(5), 21–26. 

https://doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016912310 

 

Hussin Sarju, Rohana Hamzah, & Amirmudin Udin. (2010). Pendidikan: Matlamat 

Dan Fungsinya. Seminar EduPress, 1–11. Retrieved from 

http://eprints.utm.my/14919/ 

 

Ibrahim, A. B., Yahya, F. H., Hanafi, H. F., & Omar, N. H. (2019). Simulation of 

Electronic Circuit for Design and Technology Subject in Secondary Schools. 

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 

9(2), 477–486. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i2/5581 

 

Ibrahim, D. S., & Rashid, A. M. (2022). Effect of Project-Based Learning Towards 

Collaboration among Students in the Design and Technology Subject. World 

Journal of Education, 12(3), 1. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v12n3p1 

 

In, J. (2017). Introduction of a pilot study. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 70(6), 

601–605. https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2017.70.6.601 

 

Intan Shafinaz, Syafiq, luqman, R. (2020). Persepsi Pengguna Terhadap 

Pembangunan & Penggunaan “ Digital Trainer- Book Kit ” Sebagai Alat 

Bantuan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran untuk Kursus. E- Jurnal LIS Liga Ilmu 

Serantau 2018 Persepsi, 1(December), 160–168. 

 

Irvani, A. I., & Warliani, R. (2022). Development of Physics Demonstration Videos 

on Youtube (PDVY) as Physics Learning Media. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika 

Indonesia, 18(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v18i1.26723 

 

Isa, Z. C., & Azid, N. (2021). Analisis Statistik Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Ujian 

Pencapaian Reka Bentuk Elektrik Abstrak Statistical Analysis of Validity and 

Reliability of Electrical Design Achievement Tests Abstract Pengenalan. 

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(8), 196–206. 

 

Ismail, H. M. B. B. Z. H. Bin, & Abdullah, M. Bin. (2007). Pelaksanaan Mata 

Pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup di Sekolah Rendah Daerah Besut, Terengganu. 

Seminar Penyelidikan Pendidikan Institut Perguruan Batu Lintang Tahun 2007, 

(1993), 1–16. 

 

Ismail, M., & Che Kob, C. G. (2023). Perspektif Guru Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi 

terhadap Elemen Multimedia Modul Sequin Topik Reka Bentuk Fesyen. 

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(1), e002085. 

https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i1.2085 

 

Ismail, R., Zaman, H. B., & Mohammad, U. H. (2022). A Visual-Based Project 

Production Package for Design and Technology Subject Based on Computational 

Thinking Skills Across-STEM. International Journal on Informatics 

Visualization, 6(2–2), 445–454. https://doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.2-2.1029 

 

Ismailov, A. S., & Jo’rayev, Z. B. (2022). Study of arduino microcontroller board. 

Science and Education Scientific Journal, 3(3), 172–179. 

 

Jaafar, H., Pendidikan, U., Idris, S., & Kewangan, P. (2023). Kesahan Dan 

Kebolehpercayaan Modul Mahir Pk Dalam Penyediaan Penyata Kewangan. 

Malaysian Online Journal of Education, 7(1), 1–9. 

 

Jackson, S. L. (2016). Research Methods and Statistics (Fifth Edit). Cengage 

Learning. 

 

Jackson, S. (2016). Research methods and statistics: A critical thinking approach. 

Boston,MA: Cengage Learning. 

 

Jaidi, N., Abdullah, Y., Tarasat, S., & Kartika, S. (2014). Kesan penggunaan perisian 

iMindMap dalam penulisan karangan jenis rencana. Procedia - Social and 

Behavioral Sciences, 134, 389–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.261 

 

Jamaludin Ahmad. (2002). Kesahan, kebolehpercayaan dan keberkesanan modul 

program maju diri ke atas motivasi pencapaian di kalangan pelajar sekolah 

menengah negeri Selangor. Tesis PhD. Universiti Putra Malaysia. 

 

Jamaludin Ahmad.(2016). Modul motivasi diri. Kuala Lumpur/; Dewan Bahasa dan 

Pustaka 

 

Jamaluddin1, J., Din, N. M., Ahmad, M. A. N., Jabar, Abdul, F., Fadzillah, … 

Zuhariah. (2016). Keberkesanan Kaedah Permainan dalam Pengajaran dan 

Pembelajaran Prinsip Perakaunan di Sekolah Menengah. Konferens Akademik 

Universiti Teknologi MARA, (July 2017), 53–57. 

 

Janan, D. (2017). Keberkesanan Kaedah Pengajaran Bersama Dalam Meningkatkan 

Pencapaian Penulisan Karangan Murid Tingkatan 4. Pendeta Journal of Malay 

Language, Education and Literature, 6812, 59–65. 

 

Jim McKinley, & Heath Rose. (2019). The Routledge Handbook of Research 

Methods in Applied Linguistics. In Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. 

 

Jing Rui, T., Vengidason, S., Hanapi, Z., & Ma’arof, N. N. M. I. (2020). Academic 

World: How Do We Face The Challenges Of Fourth Industrial Revolution? 

ICMR 2019 8 Th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research, 431–

439. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.03.03.51 

 

Juanda, E. A., & Khairullah, F. (2021). Tinkercad Application Software to Optimize 

Teaching and Learning Process in Electronics and Microprocessors Subject. 

520(Tvet 2020), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.101 

 

Jusup, Y., & Sharif, S. (2021). Kajian Analisis Keperluan : Pembangunan Modul 

Pembelajaran Literasi Tenaga Pengintegrasian STEM Sekolah Rendah Abstrak 

Need Analysis Study : Development of Energy Literacy Learning Module with 

STEM Integration for Primary School Abstract Pengenalan Litera. 6(8), 325–

338. 

 

Kadar, R., Abdul Wahab, N., Othman, J., Shamsuddin, M., & Mahlan, S. B. (2021). A 

Study of Difficulties in Teaching and Learning Programming: A Systematic 

Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive 

Education and Development, 10(3), 591–605. 

https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v10-i3/11100 

 

Kamaluddin, N. A., & Husnin, H. (2022). Penggunaan Teknologi Maklumat Dan 

Komunikasi (TMK) Dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 4(2), 333–

343. https://doi.org/10.55057/jdpd.2022.4.2.29 

 

Kaniki, R. L. (2020). Transformative Experience in Learning Qualitative. 

International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 8(8), 37–46. 

 

Karim, M. E., Lemaignan, S., & Mondada, F. (2016). A review: Can robots reshape 

K-12 STEM education? Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics 

and Its Social Impacts, ARSO, 2016-March. 

https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO.2015.7428217 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016). Buku teks reka bentuk dan teknologi RBT 

tingkatan satu. Kuala Lumpur: Bahagian Perkembangan Kurikulum. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.(2016a). Buku Penerangan Kurikulum Standard 

Sekolah Menengah (KSSM).Putrajaya, Malaysia: Kementerian Pendidikan 

Malaysia. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.(2019) Buku Perangkaan Pendidikan Malaysia 

2019. Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.(2019) Buku Panduan Pengurusan Mata Pelajaran 

Reka Bentuk Dan Teknologi (RBT) 2019. Bahagian Perkembangan Kurikulum. 

 

Khaing, S. W., Nopparatjamjomras, S., Nopparatjamjomras, T. R., & Chitaree, R. 

(2018). Development of Arduino-based logic gate training kit. Journal of 

Physics: Conference Series, 1144(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-

6596/1144/1/012134 

 

Kob, C. G. C., Abdullah, A. S., & Shamsuddin, H. (2019). Effects of Learning Aid 

(KIT) on Student Performance for Electric Circuits Topics. International Journal 

of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(1), 320–330. 

https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i1/5400 

 

Kob, C. G. C., Shah, A., Shamsuddin, H., & Norizan, N. A. A. (2019). The effect of 

using learning kit material among students. International Journal of Recent 

Technology and Engineering, 7(6), 239–242. 

 

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and 

development (Vol. 1). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 

 

L. R. Gay, Geoffrey E. Mills, P. A. (2012). Educational Research Competencies for 

Analysis and Applications. Retrieved from 

http://library1.nida.ac.th/termpaper6/sd/2554/19755.pdf 

 

Lara, R. J. L. De. (2020). Development of a Low Cost 

Microprocessor/Microcontroller Training Module and Laboratory Manual 

Designed for Outcome Based Electronics and Computer Engineering Education. 

Global Scientific Journals, 8(7), 2332–2363. 

 

Leask, R., Cronje, T., Holm, D. E., & van Ryneveld, L. (2020). The impact of 

practical experience on theoretical knowledge at different cognitive levels. 

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 91, 1–7. 

https://doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v91i0.2042 

 

Li, L. (2015). Project-based learning in electronic technology: a case study. European 

Journal of Engineering Education, 40(5), 499–505. 

https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2014.987650 

 

Lian Ai Chen, & Mohd Said, N. D. (2018). Kajian Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran 

Berasaskan Masalah ( PBM ) Untuk Kursus Litar Elektronik Dalam Kalangan 

Pelajar . 4th International Seminar: Research For Science, Technology and 

Culture (IRSTC 2017), (February), 0–6. 

 

Ling, Y., & Sarawak, P. K. (2020). Peranan bahan bantu mengajar dan persekitaran 

maklum balas dalam meningkatkan kualiti pembelajaran pelajar. Conference: 

National Research Innovation Conference (NRICon 2020), (October). 

 

Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017). 

Descriptive analysis in education: A guide for researchers. U.S. Department of 

Education, Institute of Education Sciences. National Center for Education 

Evaluation and Regional Assistance, (March), 1–40. Retrieved from 

https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED573325 

 

Lowe, D. (2017). Electronics All-in-One For Dummie. In BMC Public Health 

(Vol.5). Retrieved from 

https://ejournal.poltektegal.ac.id/index.php/siklus/article/view/298%0Ahttp://repositorio.unan.edu.ni/2986/1/5624.pdf%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2015.10.005%0Ahttp://www.biomedcentral.com/14712458/12/58%0Ahttp://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&P 

 

Maarif, E. S., & Suhartinah, S. (2018). Compact Portable Industrial Automation Kit 

for Vocational School and Industrial Training. IOP Conference Series: Materials 

Science and Engineering, 384(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-

899X/384/1/012011 

 

Magued Iskander. (2008). Innovative Techniques in Instruction Technology, E-

learning, E-assessment, and Education. In Academic Social Science Journal 

(Vol. 7). 

 

Maharani, A., Sunaryo, S., & Astra, I. M. (2023). Development of Electronic Module 

Based on Interactive Lecture Demonstrations With Microsoft Sway on Direct 

Current Electrical Circuit. XI, 347–354. https://doi.org/10.21009/03.1102.pf48 

 

Majid K. (2009). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa 

dan Pustaka. 

 

Majid, U. (2018). Research Fundamentals: Study Design, Population, and Sample 

Size. Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology 

(URNCST) Journal, 2(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.26685/urncst.16 

 

Makhbul, Zafir Khan Mohamed, M. N. A. L. (2017). Mengurus Modal Insan Dalam 

Industri 4.0 Ke Arah Kecemerlangan Negara. Journal of Social Sciences and 

Humanities, 16(6), 1–13. 

 

Marczyk, G., DeMatteo, D., & Festinger, D. (2006). Essentials of research design and 

methodology. In Choice Reviews Online (Vol. 43). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 

https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.43-5572 

 

Marlina, M., Hadi, S., & Rahim, A. (2021). Media Demonstrasi Dan Eksperimen 

Berbasis Animasi: Efektifitas Meningkatkan Keterampilan Siswa Memecahkan 

Masalah Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Indonesia, 5(2), 

60. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpk.v5i2.33659 

 

Martua, N. E., Abindinhazirb, Z., Ramliᶜ, M. F., & Bsv, K. (2020). Keperluan Kit BSV 

Sebagai Bahan Bantu Belajar Kepada Murid-Murid Di Sekolah Dalam 

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Seni Visual. 2(1), 121–128. 

 

Marzni Mohamed Mokhtar, Yaakub, R., Amzah, 3fadzilah, & Jamil, M. (2019). 

Analisis Tematik Dalam Pembelajaran Dan Pemudahcaraan (Pdpc) Proses 

Penulisan Karangan Argumentatif Berasaskan Kbat: Pemahaman Dan Amalan 

Pedagogi Guru Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan Empat. (November 2018). 

 

Massad Awdah Alatawi. (2017). Overcoming The Limitation Of Cluster Samples 

With A Simplified. International Journal of Research in Management & Social 

Science, 5(3), 7–11. 

 

Megayanti, T., Busono, T., & Maknun, J. (2020). Project-based learning efficacy in 

vocational education: Literature review. IOP Conference Series: Materials 

Science and Engineering, 830(4), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-

899X/830/4/042075 

 

Mete, P., & Yıldırım, A. (2016). Views of Teaching Staff About Application in 

Chemistry Classes of Context-Based Learning Method. National Chemistry 

Education Congress. 

 

Mladenović, M., Krpan, D., & Mladenovi, S. (2017). Learning programming from 

scratch. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2017(November 

Special Issue INTE), 419–427. 

 

Mohamad Rofian Ismai, & Muhamad Daoh. (2020). Tahap Kerelevanan Isi 

Kandungan Modul Kemahiran Menulis Karangan Bahasa Arab Mengikut 

Persepsi Pelajar Sarjana Muda Bahasa Arab di USIM. Selangor Humaniora 

Review , (June 2021), 24–36. 

 

Mohammad, Z. O., Amar Faiz, Z. A., Syahrul, H. M., Nur Dalila, K. A., & Ismail, N. 

(2019). E-logic trainer kit: Development of an electronic educational simulator 

and quiz kit for logic gate combinational circuit by using arduino as application. 

International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, 15(14), 67–77. 

https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i14.11410 

 

Mohd Taher, F. I., & Abdul Razak, K. (2022). Mastery of Student Communication 

Skills Through Animated-Oriented Project-Based Learning. International 

Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 7(45), 501–515. 

https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.745038 

 

Moore, K., Jones, C., & Frazier, R. S. (2017). Engineering Education For Generation 

Z. American Journal of Engineering Education (AJEE), 8(2), 111–126. 

https://doi.org/10.19030/ajee.v8i2.10067 

 

Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., & Kemp, J. E. (2019). Designing Effective Instruction. 

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 

 

Muhajirah. (2020). Basic Of Learning Theory (Behaviorism, Cognitivism, 

Construtivism and Humanism). International Journal Asian Education, 1(1), 37–

42. Retrieved from https://ijae.journal 

asia.education/index.php/data/article/download/23/23/ 

 

Muhammad Rahawaluddin Ismail, & Bity Salwana Alias. (2021). Amalan pengurusan 

program akademik pentadbir dan perkembangan murid berpencapaian rendah 

akademik di sekolah agama bantuan kerajaan Pendahuluan. PANRITA Journal of 

Science, Technology, and Arts, 1(1), 70–82. 

 

Murati, R. (2017). The Use of Technology in Educational Teaching. 8(6), 197–199. 

 

Murdani, E., & Sumarli, S. (2019). Penggunaan contoh-contoh dunia nyata dalam 

pendidikan sains dan kejuruteraan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran 

yang efektif, sementara dari perspektif afektif, contoh-contoh tersebut dapat 

menimbulkan minat dan kepuasan. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 

1153(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1153/1/012119 

 

Muthusamy, J. (2016). Keberkesanan kaedah demonstrasi video dalam pengajaran 

dan pembelajaran bagi modul pendawaian elektrik tiga fasa. Journal of ICT in 

Education, 3(1), 34–54. 

 

Nachiappan, S., Abdul Rahim, S. A., Othman, M., & Balakrishnan, V. D. (2017). 

Usage of teaching aids in increasing cognition among slow learners through art 

lessons. Journal Of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher 

Education, 7(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.37134/jrpptte.vol7.no1.3.2017 

 

Nagaraj, K., & Mahmud, M. S. (2023). Kesan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berasaskan 

Projek (PBL) dalam Pendidikan Matematik: Tinjauan Literatur Bersistematik 

(SLR). Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 4(4), 260–274. 

https://doi.org/10.55057/jdpd.2022.4.4.22 

 

Nair, R. S., & Chuan, T. C. (2021). Integrating Technology that Uses Modified 

SAMR Model as a Pedagogical Framework in Evaluating Learning Performance 

of Undergraduates. The Educational Review, USA, 5(10), 373–384. 

https://doi.org/10.26855/er.2021.10.001 

 

Nasuha, S., Azli, H., Afifi, M., Setambah, B., & Rahim, A. (2023). Video Animasi 

Operasi Asas Topik Algebra : Satu Kajian Kuasi- Eksperimen terhadap 

Pencapaian Matematik Murid Tingkatan 1. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 5(1), 582–

588. 

 

Net, W. W. W. P. (2021). The Effect of Using Project Based Learning on Improving 

the Critical Thinking among Upper Basic Students from Teachers ’ Perspectives. 

11(2), 52–57. https://doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2021.00 

 

Ngadiran, N. M., Anuar, N., & Fauzi, F. F. M. (2021). M-Learning Module for Self-

Directed Language Learning : A Study of Students ’ Needs Analysis. 

EProceedings International Virtual Symposium: Research, Industry & 

Community Engagement, 1(June), 37–43. 

 

Nidzam, C., Ahmad, C., Yahaya, A., & Sani, S. S. (2020). Pembangunan modul 

Video Amali (V-Lab) bagi mempertingkatkan pengajaran dan pemudahcaraan 

biologi tingkatan empat. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains & Matematik Malaysia, 10(2), 

1–7. 

 

Nielsen, J. (1994). Usability Engineering (p. 165). Cambridge, MA: Academic Press 

Inc. 

 

Nilsook, & Chatwattana. (2017). A Web-based Learning System using Project-based 

Learning and Imagineering. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in 

Learning, 12(05), 4–22. 

 

Niyitanga, T., Bihoyiki, T., & Nkundabakura, P. (2021). Factors Affecting Use of 

Practical Work in Teaching and Learning Physics: Assessment of Six Secondary 

Schools in Kigali City, Rwanda. African Journal of Educational Studies in 

Mathematics and Sciences, 17(1), 61–77. 

 

Noraini Idris, (2010). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan (2th ed.). Kuala Lumpur: Mc 

Graw- Hill Education 

 

Noor, A. M., & Saibon, J. (2021). Teachers ’ Attitudes Level Towards the Use of 

Microcontroller Development Boards in Secondary Schools. 3(1), 246–266. 

 

Nor Izzati Mahd Nor. (2019). Kaedah berasaskan projek dalam pengajaran dan 

pembelajaran pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Refleksi Kepemimpinan, 2019, 26–40. 

Retrieved from http://103.8.145.246/index.php/jrk/article/view/9433 

 

Nor Khayati, B., Mohd Isa, H., & Khadijah, A. R. (2017). Sikap dalam pembelajaran 

berasaskan projek terhadap pencapaian pelajar di Politeknik Perak. Tinta 

Artikulasi Membina Ummah, 3(1), 1–14. 

 

Nor, W., Ezwane, S., Hi, K., Park, T., Kedah, K., Hi, K., … Kedah, K. (2020). 

Development of Portable Electronic Sensor Trainer ( PEST ) for Teaching and 

Learning Purpose. 2(1). 

 

Noradilah binti Aziz, & Lai Wei Sieng. (2019). Impak Pendidikan Berasaskan 

Teknologi Terhadap Peningkatan Prestasi Pelajar di UKM. Jurnal Personalia 

Pelajar, 22(1), 69–75. 

 

Noraini Nasirun, Sarina Muhamad Noor, Rushami Zien Yusoff, & Abdul Aziz 

Othman. (2016). Isu Kesahan Dalaman Terhadap Kaedah Penyelidikan Kuasi 

Eksperimen di Dalam Pendidikan Keusahawanan. ASEAN Entrepreneuship 

Journal, 2(2), 80–86. 

 

Noranizahhafizah, B. S., Basri, J. M., Azah, R. N., & Shamsinor, A. A. M. (2020). 

ADDIE Model Design Process For 21st Century Teaching and Facilitation 

Activities (Pdpc) In Nationhood Studies Module. International Journal of 

Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(9), 2115–2124. 

 

Norizah Aripin, Hasrina Mustafa & Adnan Hussein. (2008). Communication 

technology in workplace: A study in organization status of the Multimedia Super 

Corridor. Unpublished Research Report. Penang: Universiti Sains Malaysia. 

 

Noridahayu, Norhayati, & Dalilah. (2015). Keberkesanan Proses PdP di dalam 

Bengkel Amali Masakan di Sekolah Menengah Harian Negeri Johor The 

Effectiveness of Teaching and Learning Process in Pratical Cooking Lab at 

Secondary Daily Schools in Johor. EDUCATUM-Journal of Science, 

Mathematics and Technology, 2(1), 48–60. 

 

Nurhasanah, A. (2017). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Pendidikan Matematika 1 Untuk 

Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran Mahasiswa Pgsd Universitas Kuningan. 

EduHumaniora | Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Kampus Cibiru, 9(2), 67. 

https://doi.org/10.17509/eh.v9i2.7017 

 

Nunnally, J.C. (1978) Psychometric theory. 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York. 

 

Nurroini, I. F., & Amir, M. F. (2023). Analogy-Based Selective Problem-Solving 

Learning on the Skill to Solve Word Problems A . Introduction. Edunesia: 

Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 4(3), 1357–1371. 

 

Nurul Haniza Samsudin, Puteri Roslina Abdul Wahid, & Salinah Ja’far. (2017). 

Pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu kanak-kanak Pemulihan Khas: Pembinaan bahan 

bantu mengajar. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu, 28, 164–193. 

 

Nurul Ihsaniah, O., & Abu Bakar, I. (2020). Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Litar 

Elektronik Berbantukan Komputer Terhadap Motivasi Pencapaian Dan Bebanan 

Kognitif Pelajar. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy (IJEAP), 

2(4), 130–139. Retrieved from http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijeap 

 

Ogunseye, T. T., Egbeyale, G. B., Bello, A. K., & Ajani, A. S. (2022). Design and 

Construction of a Microcontroller Based Electronic Moving Message Display. 

Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(04), 434–454. 

https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2022.124030 

 

Ohwojero. (2015). Teaching Aids a Special Pedagogy Tool of Brain Development in 

School Children, Interest and Academic Achievement to Enhance Future 

Technology. International Journal of Education and Practice, 6(3), 219–233. 

Retrieved from 

http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1081258&

site=ehost-live 

 

Onyema, E. M., Obafemi, F., Sen, S., & Alsayed, A. O. (2020). Impact of 

Coronavirus Pandemic on Education. Journal of Education and Practice, (May). 

https://doi.org/10.7176/jep/11-13-12 

 

Ordu, U. B.-A. (2021). The Role of Teaching and Learning Aids/Methods in a 

Changing World. Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), 19, 210–

216. 

 

Pallant J. (2007). SPSS Survival Manual. Sydney: Ligare Book Printer. 

 

Pallant,J., dan Neal, P. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. 

Newbury Park:Sage Publications 

Papapostoli, I., Lammert, F., & Stokes, C. S. (2016). Effect of short-term vitamin D 

correction on hepatic steatosis as quantified by controlled attenuation parameter 

(CAP). Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 25(2), 175–181. 

https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.252.cap 

 

Parai, M. K., Das, B., & Das, G. (2013). An Overview of Microcontroller Unit: From 

Proper Selection to Specific Application. International Journal of Soft 

Computing, (6), 228–231. Retrieved from 

http://www.ijsce.org/attachments/File/v2i6/F1161112612.pdf 

 

Paul C. Price, Rajiv S. Jhangiani, I-Chant A. Chiang, Dana C. Leighton, A., & 

Cuttler, C. (2017). Research methods in psychology (3rd Americ). 

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203079379-7 

 

Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013 – 2025, Buletin Transformasi 

Pendidikan Malaysia, Bil 5/2015 

 

Perumal, P., Husin, M. R., & Nachiappan, S. (2022). Analisis Gaya Kognisi dan 

Afeksi Murid dalam Penulisan Karangan Bahasa Melayu di Sekolah Rendah. 

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 22–28. 

https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.jhass-0401.340 

 

Piaget, J. (1970). Equilibration of cognitive structure. New York: Viking Press. 

 

Pilcher, J. (2016). Learning Needs Assessment: Not only for Continuing Education. 

Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 32(4), 185–191. 

https://doi.org/10.1097/NND.0000000000000245 

 

Prasad, C., & Pushpa Gupta, M. (2020). Educational Impact on the Society. 

International Journal of Novel Research in Education and Learning, 7(7), 1–7. 

Retrieved from www.noveltyjournals.com 

 

Radi, N. H., & Amran, S. (2023). Strategi dan Cabaran Pelaksanaan Pendekatan 

Pembelajaran Terbeza dalam Kalangan Guru di Sekolah Rendah. Malaysian 

Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(5), e002336. 

https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i5.2336 

 

Raghupathi, V., & Raghupathi, W. (2019). Exploring science-and-technology-led 

innovation : a cross-country study. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 

8(1), 1–45. 

 

Raja, R., & Nagasubramani, P. C. (2018). Impact of modern technology in education. 

Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, 3(S1), 33. 

https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3is1.165 

 

Raihana, N., Razak, M., Nazihah, A., Daud, M., Ariffin, N. H., Pendidikan, J. P., … 

Malim, T. (2023). Pembangunan Modul Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek bagi 

Subtopik Sumber Air Semulajadi untuk Subjek Sains Tahun Dua. 11, 120–127. 

 

Raman, S., Zainal, M. Z., & Amzah, F. (2023). Pembinaan, Kesahan dan 

Kebolehpercayaan Modul Penulisan Karangan Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan Dua. 

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(1), e002031. 

https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i1.2031 

 

Ramli, Saipolbarin;, Abdul Ghani, M. T., Atoh, N., & Muhammad Romli, T. R. 

(2019). Integrasi elemen Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi ( KBAT ) berasaskan 

Kit Media dalam amalan pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan guru pelatih Bahasa 

Arab. International Journal of Language Educationand Applied Linguistics 

(IJLEAL), 9(1), 33–44. 

 

Ramli, Saipolbarin, Atoh, N., Zakaria, Z., & Ariffin, M. (2017). I-Kit Bahasa Arab 

Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Ism Bahasa Arab Dengan Pendidikan Upsi : Satu. 

3(7), 79–89. 

 

Ramly, N., Rosli, A. N., Suhaimi, S., Helmy, M., & Wahab, A. (2017). The Effects of 

Using Educational Videos in Online Learning : A Case Study for Basic 

Computer Science Subject. International Journal of Recent Technology and 

Applied Science, 5(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijortas-

0501.479 

 

Rasdi, S. S., Masnan, A. H., Hamzah, M., & Ghazali, M. (2021). Development and 

usability of a teaching module based on board game in the learning of numeric 

operation among preschoolers National Child Development Research Centre. 

Jurnal Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak Kebangsaan, 10(2), 71–84. 

 

Rasmita, & Amna, S. (2020). Need Analysis of Developing English Module Through 

Poster Presentation Assisted by Vlog. 463, 43–47. 

https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200819.009 

 

Rcdet, T. B., & Mulwa, V. (2020). Remote-Controlled Digital Electronics. (April), 0–

5. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28602.34245 

 

Reddy, S. R. N., Kaur, J., Chande, S., & Challa, R. K. (2018). My smartphone kit: 

Design and development of an integrated platform for innovation and product 

design in engineering education. Computer Applications in Engineering 

Education, 26(3), 642–654. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.21919 

 

Resita, I., & Ertikanto, C. (2018). Designing electronic module based on learning 

content development system in fostering students’ multi representation skills. 

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1022(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-

6596/1022/1/012025 

 

Rini, D. S., Adisyahputra, & Sigit, D. V. (2020). Boosting student critical thinking 

ability through project based learning, motivation and visual, auditory, 

kinesthetic learning style: A study on Ecosystem Topic. Universal Journal of 

Educational Research, 8(4A), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081806 

 

Ruslin, Mashuri, S., Abdul Rasak, M. S., Alhabsyi, F., & Syam, H. (2022). Semi-

structured Interview: A Methodological Reflection on the Development of a 

Qualitative Research Instrument in Educational Studies. IOSR Journal of 

Research & Method in Education, 12(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.9790/7388-

1201052229 

 

Robinson, P. B., Stimpson, D. V., Huefner, J. C., & Hunt, H. K. (1991). An Attitude 

Approach to the Prediction of Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and 

Practice, 15(4), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879101500405 

 

Russell,J. (1974). Modular Instruction: A Guide to the design,selection,utilization and 

evaluation of modular materials. Minneapolis,Minnesota:Burgess. 

 

Safapour, E., Kermanshachi, S., & Taneja, P. (2019). A review of nontraditional 

teaching methods: Flipped classroom, gamification, case study, self-learning, and 

social media. Education Sciences, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9040273 

 

Sahaat, Z., & Mohamad Nasri, N. (2020). Cabaran Pelaksanaan Mata Pelajaran Reka 

Bentuk dan Teknologi Sekolah Menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 45(1), 

51–59. 

 

Sahaat, Z., Nasri, N. M., & Abu Bakar, A. Y. (2020). ADDIE Model In Teaching 

Module Design Process Using Modular Method: Applied Topics in Design And 

Technology Subjects. 464(Psshers 2019). 

https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200824.161 

 

Sallehin, S. A., Halim, A., Pendidikan, F., Tun, U., & Onn, H. (2015). Penggunaan 

alat bahan bantu mengajar berasaskan multimedia dalam pengajaran dan 

pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Zon Benut. Fakulti Pendidikan Teknikal 

Dan Vokasional, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 1–7. 

 

Sandars, J., Patel, R. S., Goh, P. S., Kokatailo, P. K., & Lafferty, N. (2015). The 

importance of educational theories for facilitating learning when using 

technology in medical education. Medical Teacher, 37(11), 1039–1042. 

https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2015.1019438 

 

Schunk, D. H. (2012). Learning theories: An educational perspective. In Reading 

(Vol. 5). Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com/Learning-Theories-

Educational-Perspective-6th/dp/0137071957 

 

Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-

experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton, Mifflin and 

Company. 

 

Selami Eryilmaz, G. D. (2021). Information Technology Teachers’ Views on the Use 

of Tinkercad. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, (Special 

Issue). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guelhanim-Deniz-

2/publication/355061473_Information_Technology_Teachers’_Views_on_the_Use_of_Tinkercad/links/615c30f0fbd5153f47dcbc7f/Information-Technology-

Teachers-Views-on-the-Use-of-Tinkercad.pdf 

 

Serban, M., Vagapov, Y., & Holme, R. (2014). Universal platform for functional 

testing of printed circuit boards. International Journal of Circuits and 

Architecture Design, 1(3), 222. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijcad.2014.068296 

 

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business: A skill-building 

approach (5th ed.). Haddington: John Wiley & Sons. 

 

Sidek Mohd Noah dan Jamaludin Ahmad. (2005). Pembinaan Modul: Bagaimana 

Membina Modul Latihan dan Modul Akademik. Serdang: Penerbit Universiti 

Putra Malaysia. 

 

Sidek Mohd Noah, dan Jamaludin Ahmad. (2008). Pembinaan Modul: Bagaimana 

membina modul latihan dan modul akademik. Serdang: UPM 

 

Sonte, S. @ S., & Sharif, S. (2021). A Need Analysis for Developing Inquiry 

Learning – Project-Based Learning Module (Modul PI-PBPj) in Secondary 

Science Subject. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive 

Education and Development, 10(3), 1107–1117. 

https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v10-i3/11483 

 

Sungkono, dkk. (2009). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar. Yogyakarta: FIP UNY. 

 

Spatioti, A. G., Kazanidis, I., & Pange, J. (2022). A Comparative Study of the ADDIE 

Instructional Design Model in Distance Education. Information (Switzerland), 

13(9), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13090402 

 

Steinberg, J., Andrews-Todd, J., Forsyth, C., Chamberlain, J., Horwitz, P., Koon, A., 

… McCulla, L. (2020). The Development of a Content Assessment of Basic 

Electronics Knowledge. ETS Research Report Series, 2020(1), 1–19. 

https://doi.org/10.1002/ets2.12311 

 

Suanto, E., Zakaria, E., & Maat, S. M. (2019). Impak Pendekatan Pembelajaran 

Pengalaman terhadap Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi Topik Bongkah Geometri 

Tiga Dimensi. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 44(01SI), 121–134. 

 

Sukir, S., & Wardhana, A. S. J. (2019). Performance of A Programmable Logic 

Controller Based Electrical Machine Trainer Kit. Journal of Physics: Conference 

Series, 1413(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1413/1/012011 

 

Sulong, N., & Sulong, S. N. (2022). Implementasi Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek 

(PBP): Manfaat dan Cabaran kepada Pelajar dan Guru. Malaysian Journal of 

Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(10), e001796. 

https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i10.1796 

 

Supardi, B., Kadarismanr, N., Kuswanto, H., & Purwanto, A. (2022). Arduino 

Tinkercad Simulator Training for Applied Physics MGMP Vocational Teachers 

in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Proceedings of the 9th International 

Conference on Education Research, and Innovation (ICERI 2021), 358–363. 

Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-67-1 

 

Suradi Hassan, Marzni Mohamed Mokhtar, Shamsudin Othman, & Azhar Md Sabil. 

(2021). Penerokaan Potensi Modul Permainan Peribahasa ADDIE terhadap 

Penguasaan Penulisan Rumusan dalam Talian Google Meet dan e-mel. Jurnal 

Sains Sosial Dan …, 2(1), 86–98. Retrieved from 

https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jossted/article/view/15187%0Ahttps://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jossted/article/download/15187/7816 

 

Syed Ismail Syed Mustapa, Ismail Raduan & Bushro Ali, Asas Penyelidikan dalam 

Pendidikan (Petaling Jaya: Sasbadi Sdn Bhd, 2018) 

 

Syamsulaini Sidek, M. H. (2016). Video-Based Teaching in Student-Centered 

Learning: Analysis and Critical Review. Journal of ICT in Education, 3, 2289–

7844. 

 

Tajudin, M. S. R. & N. M. (2021). Analisis keperluan untuk membangunkan Modul 

Pembelajaran Berasaskan Challenge dalam Mempelajari Matematik bagi murid 

tingkatan 4. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 11(February), 

50–58. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.sp.5.2021 

 

Talib, Othman (2013) Asas penulisan tesis, penyelidikan & statistik. Universiti 

Putra Malaysia Press, Serdang, Selangor. ISBN 9789673443352 

 

Taub, H., & Verner, I. (2009). Teaching Electronics through Constructing Sensors 

and Operating Robots. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 

44 CCIS(September). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03986-7 

 

Tee, T. K., Fadzil, N., Yunos, J. M., Heong, Y. M., Mohamad, M. M., & Othman, W. 

(2019). Pembangunan Modul Strategi Pembelajaran Koperatif Bagi Bakal 

Pensyarah Kolej Vokasional. Online Journal For TVET Practitioners, 4(2), 11–

29. Retrieved from https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/oj-

tp/article/view/5088 

 

Thomas, Y., & Srinivasan R. (2016). Emerging shifts in learning paradigms- From 

Millenials to the digital natives. International Journal of Applied Engineering 

Research, 11 (5), 361-3618. 

 

Tonge, M. L., & Mahamod, Z. (2020). Kesan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek 

terhadap Kemahiran Menulis Karangan Murid Sekolah Rendah. Jurnal 

Pendidikan Malaysia, 45(01), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.17576/jpen-2020-45.01-

02 

 

Tuli, N., Singh, G., Mantri, A., & Sharma, S. (2022). Augmented reality learning 

environment to aid engineering students in performing practical laboratory 

experiments in electronics engineering. Smart Learning Environments, 9(1). 

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-022-00207-9 

 

UNESCO (2015) Education 2030. World Education Forum 2015, 51. 

 

Vexler, V., Aibashev, M., Saipbekova, A., Fominykh, I., & Bazhenov, R. (2022). 

STEM course on circuit design accomplished to enhance scientific and 

technological capabilities of students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 

2193(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2193/1/012082 

 

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological 

processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 

 

Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). Thinking and speech. In R.W. Rieber & A.S. Carton 

(Eds.), The collected works of L.S. Vygotsky, Volume 1: Problems of general 

psychology (pp. 39–285). New York: Plenum Press. (Original work published 

1934.) 

 

Wan Nawang, W. M. Z., Sa’at, N. H., Ahmad, S., & Mamat, I. (2015). Kebaikan 

Pekerjaan Keusahawanan Sebagai Pengantara Antara Faktor-Faktor Peramal dan 

Kecenderungan Pelajar Menceburi Kerjaya Keusahawanan. Sains Humanika, 

8(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v8n1.697 

 

Wan Rashid, W. H., Che Kob, C. G., & Abdullah, A. S. (2020). Modul Pembelajaran 

Berasaskan Projek: Kesan terhadap Pencapaian Teori dalam Projek Tahun Akhir 

1 di Kolej Vokasional. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 3(1), 83. 

https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v3i1.1409 

 

Xu, X., B, R. Y., & Yan, X. (2022). Design of Circuit Course Micro-course Based on 

ADDIE Model. In Proceedings of the 2022 3rd International Conference on 

Modern Education and Information Management (ICMEIM 2022) (Vol. 2). 

Atlantis Press International BV. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-044-2 

 

Yaakub, M. Y., Hamzah, M. I. M., & Nor, M. Y. M. (2020). Pengesahan soal selidik 

kepimpinan distributif menggunakan kaedah fuzzy delphi. JuPiDi: Jurnal 

Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 7(2), 58–70. 

 

Yalçin, S. A., Yalçin, P., Akar, M. S., & Sağirli, M. Ö. (2017). The Effect of 

Teaching Practices with Real Life Content in Light and Sound Learning Areas. 

Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(9), 1621–1631. 

https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.050920 

 

Yang, C. C. (2021). Keberkesanan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Permainan Digital ( 

PBPD ) Terhadap Pencapaian Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Murid Sekolah Rendah. 

Innovative Teaching and Learning Journal, 5(1), 49–53. 

 

Yanti, F. A., Kuswanto, H., Habibi, H., & Kinasih, A. (2020). Development of 

Analogy-Based Material Physics Module to Provide Analogy Ability of Physics 

Teachers Candidates. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 16(1), 34–40. 

https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v16i1.9122 

 

Yuniar, N. (2016). Learning Through Media Development Model Application Assure. 

IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 21(11), 20–25. 

https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2111032025 

 

Yusof, R., Othman, N., & Karim, F. (2005). Strategi Pembelajaran Pengalaman 

Berasaskan Model Kolb dalam Pendidikan Perakaunan. Pengalaman Beras, 30, 

113–128. 

 

Yusoff, M. S. B. (2019). ABC of Content Validation and Content Validity Index 

Calculation. Education in Medicine Journal, 11(2), 49–54. 

https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6 

 

Yusriza Mohamd Yusof, Afida Ayob, & Mohamad Hanif Saad. (2021). Penggunaan 

Teknologi Kejuruteraan dalam Pendidikan STEM Bersepadu. Jurnal 

Kejuruteraan, 33(1), 1–11. 

 

Zahri, A. binti M., & Osman, M. I. bin. (2019). Kit Pembelajaran Litar Siri, Selari dan 

Siri-Selari. Journal of Technical and Vocational Education, 1, 15–22. 

 

Zhang, Z., Hansen, C. T., & Andersen, M. A. E. (2016). Teaching Power Electronics 

with a Design-Oriented, Project-Based Learning Method at the Technical 

University of Denmark. IEEE Transactions on Education, 59(1), 32–38. 

https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2015.2426674 

 

Zur’ain Harun, *, Izzuddin, M., Pisol, M., Falina Rosli, H., Rashed, Z. N., Najib, M., 

Zulkifli, H. (2022). Teori Vygotsky dalam Pembelajaran Murid dan Kaitan 

dengan Ciri Murid Bekeperluan Khas Penglihatan. Malaysian Online Journal of 

Education, 6(1), 57–63. 

 

Zurina, M., & Zaharah, H. (2021). Tahap Pengetahuan Kurikulum dan Amalan 

Pedagogi Terbeza Guru-guru Pendidikan Islam Zon Selatan Malaysia. Tinta 

Artikulasi Membina Ummah, 7(2), 1–11.