Kesan pendigitalan dan pelaburan langsung asing terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Malaysia melalui pendekatan ARDL

Nurul Syamimi Sifaa Adenan

Abstract

Pada zaman modenisasi ini, perkembangan digital dan pelaburan langsung asing telah meningkatkan kebergantungan sesetengah negara terhadap faktor-faktor tersebut. Bagi negara seperti Malaysia, pendigitalan seperti penggunaan internet dan selular mudah alih boleh dianggap masih baru digunakan berbanding negara-negara maju yang lain. Impak faktor-faktor ini tergantung kebergantungan ekonomi sesebuah negara terhadap pembolehubahpembolehubah ini. Selain itu, keadaan ekonomi juga merupakan antara faktor yang mampu mempengaruhi kebergantungan negara terhadap faktor-faktor ini. Oleh yang demikian, tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji kesan pendigital dan pelaburan langsung asing terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Malaysia. Pembolehubah Langganan Internet Pengguna dan Langganan Selular Mudah Alih digunakan sebagai penunjuk bagi pendigitalan. Manakala, aliran masuk pelaburan langsung asing digunakan sebagai penunjuk pelaburan langsung asing. Data tahunan bagi setiap pembolehubah diperolehi daripada pelbagai sumber yang dipercayai untuk mendapatkan keputusan yang tepat. Pendekatan Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) dijadikan sebagai ujian kointegrasi untuk menjawab semua persoalan dan mencapai objektif kajian. Secara keseluruhannya kesemua pembolehubah menunjukkan hubungan yang positif ke atas pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diwakili oleh keluaran dalam negara kasar. Keputusan kajian ini disokong oleh hasil kajian lampau yang juga menunjukkan keputusan yang hampir sama. Sebagai sebuah negara yang sedang membangun, penggubalan dasar yang mengetengahkan pembolehubah-pembolehubah ini mampu membantu mempercepatkan lagi proses pertumbuhan ekonomi Malaysia.

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