Development of Music Appreaciation Learning Activity Framework using Guzheng musical instruments to high school students un China

This study aims to develop a Music Appreciation Learning Activity Framework using Guzheng musical instruments for high school students in China to enhance their aesthetic experience and cultural appreciation. A modified Design and Development Research (DDR) approach was used, comprising three phases: (1) Framework Requirements Analysis, (2) Framework Design and Development, and (3) Framework Usability Evaluation. In the first phase, data from 100 high school music appreciation educators were collected through questionnaires to assess the need for framework development. The second phase involved constructing the framework using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) with nine selected experts, resulting in 25 agreedupon elements. In the third phase, the usability of the framework was evaluated through the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) involving 30 secondary school music appreciation students, with defuzzification values ranging from 24.0 to 33.6 indicating moderate expert agreement. The resulting framework serves as a practical guideline for future developments in music education, particularly in music appreciation, and can inform curriculum design, support the creation of educational models and modules, and be adapted for use with various musical instruments or student groups.