UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Tujuan kajian ini adalah mengenalpasti pemikiran inovatif, ciri-ciri dan kompetensi dalam kalangan teknousahawan Industri Kecil Sederhana (IKS) Bumiputera lepasan pusat latihan kemahiran. Berdasarkan teori keusahawanan Leibenstein dan Katarzyna serta model keusahawanan Prodan, Man, dan model inovasi Kuratko, tiga konstruk utama kajian dipilih iaitu pemikiran inovatif, ciri-ciri dan kompetensi teknokeusahawanan. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah kajian kes dan data dikumpul menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pemilihan peserta kajian ini adalah dalam kalangan 32 teknousahawan Bumiputera yang berjaya di Semenanjung Malaysia serta memiliki latar belakang teknikal dan vokasional. Teknik teknik bola salji digunakan untuk memilih peserta kajian. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada profil teknousahawan, soal selidik, temubual, pemerhatian dan verifikasi dokumen. Data empirikal kajian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif menggunakan analisis tematik. Dapatan utama kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa peserta kajian percaya bahawa mereka memiliki pemikiran inovatif (M=4.14, SP=0.18), ciri-ciri teknokeusahawanan (M=4.14, SP=0.18) dan kompetensi teknokeusahawanan (M=4.01, SP=0.37). Namun demikian kelemahan utama teknousahawan yang dikenalpasti dalam kajian ini adalah daripada aspek kurang sokongan dan jaringan, kompetensi kepimpinan yang rendah, kelemahan pemasaran, kekurangan bahan mentah serta sumber manusia (pekerja mahir), dan masalah kewangan. Kesimpulan daripada kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa untuk menjadi teknousahawan yang berjaya, mereka perlu memiliki pemikiran inovatif, ciri-ciri dan kompetensi teknokeusahawan serta elemen-elemen lain seperti daya tahan, spirituality, sokongan keluarga, dan kemahiran teknikal. Implikasi kajian ini adalah penghasilan satu kerangka baharu pembangunan pemikiran inovatif untuk teknousahawan. Untuk membangunkan pemikiran tersebut, elemen-elemen utama seperti pemikiran kritis dan strategik, kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah, ketahanan dalaman, jaringan serta penyediaan inkubator adalah penting untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah yang akan menjadikan teknousahawan lebih berkeyakinan untuk berjaya dalam dunia perniagaan yang kompetitif. |
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