UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aimed to develop and investigate the effectiveness of literary Critical
Thinking Module (CTM) to enhance higher order thinking skills (HOTs) in the teaching of Literature.
This study employed module development research design using both qualitative and quantitative
approaches in collecting data. CTM was developed using ADDIE instructional design model. Test
papers, classroom observation, field notes and interviews were used to measure the effectiveness of
CTM in enhancing HOTs among ESL students. Nine subjects of different proficiency level and two
teachers were involved in the study. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics
and content analysis. After 18 weeks of using CTM in the literature classes, the subjects’ answers
for analysis, synthesis and evaluation questions contained HOTS’ characteristics namely
examining, explaining, inferring, categorizing, predicting, summarizing, creating, giving opinion,
imagining and criticizing. From the classroom observation and field notes, the subjects were found
to be engaged and participated actively throughout the 18 weeks of classes. The interview with the
teachers revealed that CTM was adaptable, interesting and was capable of generating HOTs among the
students. It can be concluded that CTM was able to develop students’ analysis, synthesis and
evaluation skills in learning literature. The implication of this study is that CTM can be used as
an alternative tool to promote students’ HOTs in their Literature classes.
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