UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology and risk factors of
Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii infection
among Orang Asli school children in Perak. Stool samples were collected from 544
school children and the DNA extracted were amplified using nested multiplex PCR.
The univariate and multivariate regression analyses were then used to determine the
risk factor associated with Entamoeba species infection. The overall prevalence of
Entamoeba complex infections was 21.3% (116/544). The total of school children
infected with E. moshkovskii was 10.7% (58/544) followed by 9.0% (49/544) of E.
dispar and 5.0% (27/544) of E. histolytica. One sample was positive for the mixed E.
histolytica and E. dispar infection, five samples were positive for the mixed E.
histolytica and E. moshkovskii infection, and 12 samples were positive for the mixed
E. dispar and E. moshkovskii infection. As a result of the univariate analysis, there
were 19 statistically significant factors, but only one remained a significant risk factor
for E. histolytica infection in the logistic regression model, namely not washing hands
after using the toilet. Meanwhile, risk factors for E. moshkovskii infection were school
children older than 10 years old, possessed high BMI, stayed with working mother,
have uneducated mothers, absence of toilet in the house, not washing hands after
using the toilet, and having clinical symptoms of fever. On the other hand, drinking
water from the river, well, and rain was associated with a decreased risk of E. dispar
infection. In conclusion, these findings showed a high prevalence of Entamoeba
species infection among Orang Asli school children in Perak. Thus, the implication of
this study shows that elucidation of species-specific risk factors will be the key in
reducing protozoan parasite transmission among Orang Asli children. |
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