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Type :thesis
Subject :LC Special aspects of education
Main Author :Khan, Abdul Mujeeb
Title :A cross-cultural study of migrant workers Malay language learning approaches and intercultural adjustment process in Malaysia
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Pembangunan Manusia
Year of Publication :2023
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
PDF Guest :Click to view PDF file

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
This study aimed to explore how migrant workers (MWs) from Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan adjust to Malaysian culture, including their well-being and language acquisition. It also examines potential differences in their learning approaches and if MWs received orientation/training on Malaysian culture and language or not. Using the qualitative methodology and phenomenological approach, thirty MWs were interviewed about their lived experiences which were selected via purposive (snowball) sampling technique. The thematic analysis indicated 42 themes. NVivo -12 software was used to measure response frequency to integrate quantitative elements for a better understanding of the data. The results discovered that initially in new culture MWs preferred socializing with other MWs from their countries and believed in the superiority of their own culture. MWs have faced well-being issues like uncertainty, culture shock, isolation, worries, stress, and language difficulties. They were not given orientation on Malaysian culture and language before/after migrating. They experienced difficulties in communication, thus, began to learn Malay unaided for survival purposes, utilizing methods like sign language, Google Translator, and language books, without the aid of a teacher. Further, they asked co-workers and other MWs the meaning of words in the Malay language. MWs learned to speak the basics of Malay language within the first two years, and above, and acquired partial Malay language reading and writing skills. With time and developing understanding of the Malay language, they progressed toward intercultural adjustment. Comparing the learning and adjustment approaches among MWs, Nepalis tend to have more difficulty socializing with locals, Pakistanis struggled with adjusting to different lifestyle, and Bangladeshis faced challenges in improving their living and working conditions due to language and cultural differences. This study highlights need of cultural orientation and language training to help MWs for intercultural adjustment in Malaysia. Policymakers in Malaysia and MWs' sending countries should consider this.

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