UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Extensive studies related to womens entrepreneurial motivation are available in the western context, however, only a few studies are found focused on factors that motivate Egyptian women to engage in entrepreneurial activities. The study explores in-depth the motivations behind female entrepreneurs efforts to establish business ventures in Egypt. It analyses the influence of macrosocial realities and cultural values on the motivation for entrepreneurship. The finding demonstrates how post materialism factors motivate Egyptian women to embrace entrepreneurial activity as a way to maintaining personal freedom. The results demonstrate the impact of the Arab patriarchal culture on shaping the Egyptian women motivation. The qualitative research approach is adopted in this study to explore the entrepreneurial motivations of Egyptian women entrepreneurs. Through purposeful sampling, 20 women entrepreneurs were selected from five Egyptian governorates to administer a semi structured interview for the collection of primary data. The findings indicated that the motivation of Egyptian women entrepreneurs cover a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Intrinsic motivations include maintaining personal freedom, satisfying their creative impulses, utilizing their knowledge derived from education training courses and work experiences, exploiting business opportunities, achieving a sense of self -actualization, improving social motivation. On the other hand, extrinsic factors include the inability to find a suitable job, death or illness of a family member, the need to supplement the family income, unfavorable job routine. The research on female entrepreneurs in the context of Egypt is essential as this study responded to calls for a thorough understanding of womens entrepreneurial motivations. By studying these factors, the study would be able to show that motivations are unique and differentiate from other contexts. The Author(s) 2023. |
References |
Abou-Moghli, A. A., & Al-Abdallah, G. M. (2019). A systematic review of women entrepreneurs opportunities and challenges in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(6), 1–14. Adam, S., Mahrous, A. A., & Kortam, W. (2017). The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, marketing innovation and competitive marketing advantage of female entrepreneurs in Egypt. International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 16(2), 157–174. https://doi.org/10.1386/tmsd.16.2.157_1 Adzo Seshie-Nasser, H., & Daagye Oduro, A. (2018). Womenowned businesses and household welfare. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-01-2018-0001 Aeeni, Z., Motavaseli, M., Sakhdari, K., & Saeedikiya, M. (2019). Extending the potential of Baumol’s entrepreneurial allocation theory: Toward the entrepreneur-institution nexus. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 11(3), 416–435. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2018-0067 Agarwal, S., Agrawal, V., & Agrawal, A. M. (2018). Motivational and success factors: Through the lens of women entrepreneurship. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 17(4), 307–328. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2018.096231 Al-Asfour, A., Tlaiss, H. A., & Shield, S. W. (2021). Work experiences of Native Americans: A qualitative study. Journal of Career Development, 48(2), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319832129 Alexandre, L., & Kharabsheh, R. (2019). The evolution of female entrepreneurship in the Gulf Cooperation Council, the case of Bahrain. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-02-2019-0041 Aljuwaiber, A. (2021). Entrepreneurship research in the Middle East and North Africa: Trends, challenges, and sustainability issues. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(3), 380–426. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeee-08-2019-0123 Alreshoodi, S. A., Rehman, A. U., Alshammari, S. A., Khan, T. N., & Moid, S. (2022). Women Entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia: A Portrait of progress in the context of their drivers and inhibitors. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 30(03), 375–400. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218495822500121 Alsaadi, K., Rahman, R. A., & Bentahar, Y. (2019). International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research women entrepreneurs in United Arab Emirates: Enablers and challenges. www.ijsser.org Al-Weshah, G., Kakeesh, D., & Alhammad, F. (2022). Entrepreneurial Marketing in Jordanian SMEs: Initiatives and Challenges. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80071-517-220221005 Ames, H., Glenton, C., & Lewin, S. (2019). Purposive sampling in a qualitative evidence synthesis: A worked example from a synthesis on parental perceptions of vaccination communication. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 19(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-019-0665-4 Amoro´ s, J. E., Cristi, O., & Naude´ , W. (2020). Entrepreneurship and subjective well-being: Does the motivation to startup a firm matter? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.11.044 Arabiyat, T. S., Mdanat, M., Haffar, M., Ghoneim, A., & Arabiyat, O. (2019). The influence of institutional and conductive aspects on entrepreneurial innovation: Evidence from GEM data. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 32(3), 366–389. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-07-2018-0165 Azungah, T. (2018). Qualitative research: Deductive and inductive approaches to data analysis. Qualitative Research Journal, 18(4), 383–400. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrj-d-18-00035 Barba-Sanchez, M. E. L., & Tahir, R. (2019). Behind the veil:The challenges and impediments encountered by women entrepreneurs in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 11(3), 258–282. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijev.2019.101397 Barba-Sanchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2017). Entrepreneurial motivation and self-employment: Evidence from expectancy theory. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13, 1097–1115. Bastian, B. L., Sidani, Y. M., & El Amine, Y. (2018). Women entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa: A review of knowledge areas and research gaps. Gender in Management, 33(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2016-0141 Benhamed, A., Yaseen, F. H., & Amara, N. (2019). Modeling the decision-making process of financial path transition from entrepreneur’s perspective using a fuzzy cognitive mapping. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJSTSD-04-2021-0046 Benzing, C., & Chu, H. M. (2009). A comparison of the motivations of small business owners in Africa Retired nowchanged fields View project A comparison of the motivations of small business owners in Africa. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000910932881 Bohra, J., Abdullah, S., Thennarasu, A., & Jagannathan, K. K. (2020). Push or pull motivation A study of migrant women entrepreneurs in UAE. International Journal of Family Business and Regional Development, 1(1), 8–24. Bui, H. T. M., Kuan, A., & Chu, T. T. (2018). Female entrepreneurship in patriarchal society: Motivation and challenges. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 30(4), 325–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2018.1435841 Busetto, L., Wick, W., & Gumbinger, C. (2020). How to use and assess qualitative research methods. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z Camelo-Ordaz, C., Dia´nez-Gonza´ lez, J. P., & Ruiz-Navarro, J. (2016). The influence of gender on entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of perceptual factors. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 19(4), 261–277. CAPMAS. (2018). Population report. https://www.capmas.gov.eg/HomePage.aspx CAPMAS. (2017). Population report. https://www.capmas.gov.eg/HomePage.aspx Classification, J. E. L. (2019). Abeer A. Mahrous, 6718(1), 151–160. Constantinidis, C., Mohammed, U., & Salman, N. (2019). How families shape women’s entrepreneurial success in Morocco: an intersectional study Manal El Abboubi. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2017-0501 Dawson, C., & Henley, A. (2012). Push’’ versus ‘‘pull’’ entrepreneurship: an ambiguous distinction? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 18, 697–719. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551211268139 Dzingirai, M. (2021). The role of entrepreneurship in reducing poverty in agricultural communities. Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy, 15, 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-01-2021-0016 El-Fiky, S. (2022). Shattering the second glass ceiling: an empirical study on women entrepreneurs in Egypt. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-07-2021-0109 Fuentelsaz, L., Gonza´ lez, C., & Maicas, J. P. (2019). Formal institutions and opportunity entrepreneurship. The contingent role of informal institutions. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 22(1), 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brq.2018.06.002 Galindo-Martı´n, M. A., Me´ndez-Picazo, M. T., & Castan˜ o-Martı´nez, M. S. (2019). The role of innovation and institutions in entrepreneurship and economic growth in two groups of countries. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2019-0336 Ghouse, S., McElwee, G., Meaton, J., & Durrah, O. (2017). Barriers to rural women entrepreneurs in Oman. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 23(6), 998–1016. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2017-0070 Goswami, K., Hazarika, B., & Handique, K. (2019). Socio-cultural motivation in women’s entrepreneurship: Exploring the handloom industry in Assam. Asian Journal of Womens Studies, 25(3), 317–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2019.1637391 |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |