Adams, D., Sumintono, B., & Mohamed, A. (2018). E-Learning Readiness Among Students of Diverse Backgrounds in A Leading Malaysian Higher Education Institution. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 15(2), 227–256.
Al-Amri, M. (2020). Investigating EFL Students’ teacher perception of self-study in Saudi Arabian Context. Journal of Education for Teaching, 47(1), 75-88.
Bidokht, M.H., & Assareh, A. (2011). Life-long Learners through Problem-based and Self-Directed Learning. Procedia Computer Science. 3, 1446-1453.
Chen, N. S., Cheng, I. L., & Chew, S. W. (2016). Evolution is not enough: Revolutionizing current learning environments to smart learning environments. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26(2), 561- 581.
Chinaza, N.K., Juliana, A.C.B.A., & Efeyaelu, U.H. (2015). Compueter Self-Efficacy, Computer-Related Technology Dependance and Online Learning Readiness of Undergraduate Students. International Journal of Higher Education Management (IJHEM), 1 (2), 60-71.
Dontre, A.J. (2021). The Influence of Technology on Academic Distraction; A Review. Hum Behav & Emerg, 3, 379-390.
Farahani, M. (2014). From spoon feeding to self-feeding: are Iranian EFL learners ready to take charge of their own learning? Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 11, 98–115.
Goodwill, A., & Chen, A. S. H. (2021). The science of lifelong learning. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Institute for Lifelong Learning.
Gürsoy, G. (2021). Digital Storytelling: Developing 21th Century Skills in Science Education. European Journal of Educational Research. 10 (1), 97-113.
Imran, M., Kalantan, S.A., Alkorbi, M.S., & Shamim, M.S. (2021). Perceptions of Saudi Medical Students Regarding Self-Directed Learning; A Qualitative Study. J Pak Med Assoc. 71 (5), 1403-1408.
Jansen, R.S., Leeuwen, A.V., Janseen, J., Kester, L., & Kalz, M. (2016). Validation of the Self-Regulated Online Learning Questionnaire. J. Comput High Educ. DOI 10.1007/s12528-016-9125-.
Karatas K., & Arpaci I. The Role of Self‐Directed Learning, Metacognition, and 21st Century Skills Predicting the Readiness for Online Learning. Contemp Educ Technol. 2021;13(3):371‐377. doi:10.30935/cedtech/10786
Knowles, M. S. (1975). Self-directed learning: A guide for learners and teachers. New York: Association Press.
Li, L., & Lee, L. (2016). Computer Literacy and Online Learning Attitude Toward Gsoe Students In Distance Education Programs. Higher Education Studies, 6(3), 147–156.
Moore, M. G. (1973). Toward a theory of independent learning and teaching. Journal of Higher Education, 44(9). 661-679. https://doi.org/10.2307/1980599.
Mohideen, R.S., Ramlan, A.F., & Kamal, R,M. (2020). Online Distance Learning Readiness During Covid-19 Outbreak among Undergraduate Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 10 (5), 642-657.
Omar, S., Shaharuddin, W.Y.W., Azim, A.F., Nawi, N.S.M., Zaini, M., & Syahfutra, W. (2021). Academic Motivation in English Online Course; A Comparative Study of Universities in Malaysia and Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(2), 477-487.
O’Shea, E. (2003). Self-directed learning in nurse education: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing 43, no. 1: 62_7
Stewart, R.A. (2007). Investigating the link between self-directed learning readiness and project based learning outcomes: the case of international Masters Students in an engineering management course. European Journal of Engineering Education, 6 (1), 59-62. doi. 10.1080/03043790701337197
Tamer, O. (2013). Students’ Readiness for Autonomous Learning of English as a Foreign Language. Unpublished MA thesis, University of Sunderland, UK.
Tekkol, I.A., & Demirel, M. (2018). An Investigation of Self-Directed Learning Skills of Undergraduate Students. Students.Front. Psychol. 9, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02324
Taqi, A.A. (2019). The perspective of Kuwaiti Students Towards the Effectiveness and Value of Self-Study. International Education Studies, 12(9), 105- 116.
Wahyudi, G,S., Artini, L.P., & Padmadewi, N.N. (2021). Self-directed learning in EFL During Covid -19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Teachers’ Perception and Students’ Learning Autonomy. International Journal of Language and Literature, 5 (2), 93-104.