UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : |
Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(2): 53-60, 2016 – Many previous studies focus on attention has consistently demonstrated that an external focus (movement effect) enhances motor performance and learning relative to an internal focus (body movements). However, the effectiveness of the external focus direction and internal focus on the press behind neck lift not yet again compared among the weightlifter. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the three conditions (external focus, internal focus and control) that brings the best performance in the press behind neck. Besides that, a total of 30 athletes Selangor weightlifters performed the pre-test before they are divided into treatment groups (external focus and internal focus) and a control group. There are changes in the score in force between the test scores (pre, post and retention test) and the group will be analyzed using Two Way ANOVA Repeated Measure. The results showed that, there are the main effect of testing, F(2, 54) = 1671.065 p = 0.001 means there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test . There is a main effect for group, F (2, 27) = 16,646, p = 0.001. Meanwhile, there was a significant interaction between the test group f (4. 54) = 378,732 p = 0.001. There are no significant differences between the three groups during the pre-test. However, in the post-test found an external focus groups (M = 51.5 kg, SP = 7.4) and an internal focus group (M = 49.5kg, SP = 6.6) is better and has significant differences to the control group (M = 30.5kg, SP= 6.9). Besides that, the external focus group retention test (M= 59.5 kg, SP=6.0) is better and has a significant difference compared with internal focus (M= 43.2kg, SP = 5.9) and the control group (M= 30.1, SP = 6.3). Therefore, the overall direction of a focus of external forces show better performance compared to foc |
References |
1. Adams, K., O'Shea, J.P., O'Shea, K.L., & Climstein M. (1992) The effects of six weeks of squat, plyometrics, and squat plyometric training on power production. Journal of Applied Sports Science Research, 6, 36-41. 2. Ajan, T., Carrard, M.F., Coffa, S., Nagy, R., Kayser, B., Chinen, R., Bulgaridhes, J., Lassen, M., Adamfi, A. & Nemeth-Mora, A. (2013). IWF Handbook technical and competition rules & regulations 2013-2016. Budapest. 3. An, J., Wulf, G., & Kim, S. (2013). Increased carry distance and X-factor stretch in golf through an external focus of attention. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 1, 2-11. 4. Chiviacowsky, S., Wulf, G., & Wally, R. (2010). An external focus of attention enhances balance learning in older adults. Gait & Posture, 32, 572-575. 5. Deniskin, V.N., Verhoshannky, U.V. and Medvedev (1984). Speed strength preparation of weightlifters in the pre-competetive phase. Soviet Sports Rev, 19, 15-19. 6. Jackson, B.H., & Holmes, A.M. (2011). The effects of focus of attention and task objective consistency on learning a balance task. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82, 574-579. 7. Lohse, K. R., Sherwood, D. E., & Healy, A. F. (2011). Neuromuscular effects of shifting the focus of attention in a simple force production task. Journal of Motor Behavior, 43, 173–184. 8.Marchant, D. C. (2011). Attentional focusing instructions and force production. Frontiers in psychology, 1, 210. 9. Marchant, D.C., Greig, M., Bullough, J., & Hitchen, D. (2011). Instructions to adopt an external focus enhance muscular endurance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82, 466-473. 10. Marchant, D.C., Greig, M., & Scott, C. (2009). Attentional focusing instructions influence force production and muscular activity during isokinetic elbow flexions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23, 2358-2366. 11. McNevin, N.H., Shea, C.H., & Wulf, G. (2003). Increasing the distance of an external focus of attention enhances learning. Psychological Research, 67, 22-29. 12. Ormsbee, M. J., Thomas, D. D., Mandler, W. K., Ward, E. G., Kinsey, A. W., Panton, L. B., Scheett T.P., Hosshmand S., Simonavice, E., & Kim, J. S. (2013). The effects of preand post-exercise consumption of multi-ingredient performance supplements on cardiovascular health and body fat in trained men after six weeks of resistance training: a stratified, randomized, double-blind study. Journal of Sport Nutrition and Metabolism, 10(1), 39. 13. Porter, J. M., Anton, P. M., Wikoff, N. M., & Ostrowski, J. B. (2013). Instructing skilled athletes to focus their attention externally at greater distances enhances jumping performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2073-2078. 14. Vance, J., Wulf, G., Tollner, T., McNevin, N.H., & Mercer, J. (2004). EMG activity as a function of the performers‟ focus of attention. Journal of Motor Behavior, 36, 450-459. 15. Wulf, G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of 15 years. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6(1), 77-104. 16. Wulf, G., Dufek, J.S., Lozano, L., & Pettigrew, C. (2010). Increased jump height and reduced EMG activity with an external focus of attention. Human Movement Science, 29, 440-448. 17. Zarghami, M., Saemi, E., & Fathi, I. (2012). External focus of attention enhances discus throwing performance. Kinesiology, 44, 47-51. |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |