UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan satu Pembangunan Model Aktiviti
Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran dalam Kurikulum Pemakanan Seimbang Bagi Pelajar
Sekolah Menengah. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian reka bentuk dan
pembangunan yang diperkenalkan oleh Richey dan Klien. Kajian ini dibahagikan
kepada tiga fasa iaitu fasa analisis keperluan, fasa reka bentuk dan pembangunan serta
fasa implementasi dan penilaian. Fasa analisis keperluan bertujuan bagi mendapatkan
tahap keperluan 601 orang pelajar dan 176 orang guru sekolah menengah terhadap
pembinaan model dan isi kandungan model melalui soal selidik yang diedarkan. Fasa
kedua bertujuan bagi mengumpul elemen melalui temu bual dan perbincangan
bersama-sama 15 orang pakar dan seterusnya membina model melalui kaedah
Nominal Group Technique (NGT) dan Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
bersama 15 orang pakar dipilih. Fasa terakhir kajian bertujuan bagi mendapatkan nilai
kesepakatan 48 pakar (pendidik sekolah menengah dan pensyarah Universiti Awam)
terhadap kesesuaian dan kebolehgunaan model melalui kaedah Fuzzy Delphi (FDM)
berdasarkan soal selidik. Dapatan fasa pertama berdasarkan nilai min dan sisihan
piawai persepsi terhadap keperluan pembinaan kandungan model, masing-masing
4.37 dan 4.63. Sebanyak 30 elemen telah dipersetujui oleh pakar terlibat bagi
pembinaan model dalam fasa kedua. Bagi nilai defuzzification kebolehgunaan
klasifikasi elemen, keseluruhan 5 item yang berada dalam julat 44.11 hingga 44.59
dan nilai defuzzification kebolehgunaan senarai elemen, 5 item berada dalam julat
44.16 hingga 45.31. Nilai defuzzification kebolehgunaan hubungan antara elemen, 5
item berada dalam julat 44.11 hingga 44.83. Manakala nilai defuzzification
kebolehgunaan keseluruhan model, 5 item berada dalam julat 44.52 hingga 44.73.
Dapatan fasa terakhir iaitu fasa implementasi dan penilaian pula menunjukkan pakar
sepakat sangat setuju terhadap kesesuaian dan kebolehgunaan model apabila nilai
kesepakatan defuzzification yang diperolehi berada dalam julat 42.72 hingga 45.22.
Model ini telah berjaya digunapakai ketika sesi latihan guru-guru bukan opsyen
Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesihatan Negeri Selangor. Model yang dihasilkan boleh
dijadikan sebagai garis panduan dalam kajian lanjutan seperti pembinaan modul
aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta penambahbaikan kurikulum pendidikan
terutamanya di Malaysia, penggunaan sampel berlainan sektor pekerjaan berlainan
dan kajian berkaitan kepenggunaan teknologi dalam pendidikan seperti era terkini
pendidikan Alaf 21. |
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