UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About
Menu Icon

QR Code Link :

Type :thesis
Subject :RA Public aspects of medicine
Main Author :Mohd Hafiz Mustafa
Title :Kesedaran, penerimaan dan keberkesanan Prosedur Standard Kawalan Pergerakan bagi mencegah COVID-19 di Sekolah Menengah
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan
Year of Publication :2023
Corporate Name :Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun
PDF Guest :Click to view PDF file

Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tahap kesedaran, penerimaan dan keberkesanan perlaksanaan Prosedur Standard Kawalan Pergerakan (SOP) norma baharu COVID-19 dalam kalangan murid sekolah di daerah Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. Selain itu, hubungan antara kesedaran murid dengan penerimaan norma baharu serta hubungan antara penerimaan murid dengan keberkesanan perlaksanaan SOP norma baharu COVID-19 dalam persekitaran sekolah juga turut dikaji. Seramai 310 orang murid yang terdiri daripada 103 orang murid lelaki (33.2 %) dan 207 orang murid perempuan (66.8%) telah dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden kajian. Satu set soal selidik yang mengandungi 40 item telah digunakan sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Data telah dianalisis menggunakan statistik Paket Sains Sosial (SPSS) Versi 27.0. Analisis statistik deskriptif (analisis kekerapan, peratusan, min dan sisihan piawai) dan statistik inferensi (analisis korelasi dan analisis regresi) telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap kesedaran, penerimaan dan keberkesanan perlaksanaan SOP norma baharu COVID-19 dalam persekitaran sekolah berada pada tahap tinggi iaitu masing-masingnya adalah M=4.653, SP=.483, M=4.429, SP=.612 dan M=4.573, SP=.559. Dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif yang kuat dan signifikan antara kesedaran murid dengan penerimaan norma baharu (r=.667, p=.000) serta penerimaan murid dengan keberkesanan perlaksanaan SOP norma baharu COVID-19 dalam persekitaran sekolah (r=.685, p=.000). Kesimpulannya, dapatan kajian ini telah berjaya memperoleh hasil yang positif dengan berjaya mengadaptasi serta menerima norma baharu yang telah diaplikasikan dengan sangat baik. Dapatan kajian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan garis panduan kepada pihak kerajaan untuk membangunkan SOP norma baharu yang lebih strategik, dinamik dan mampan. Seterusnya, memudahkan pihak sekolah dalam melaksanakannya SOP norma baharu tanpa mengganggu proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta mampu mewujudkan persekitaran sekolah yang selamat dan kondusif kepada murid.

References

Abd Hamid, S. R. A., Hassan, S. S. S., & Ismail, N. A. H. (2012). Teaching quality and performance among experienced teachers in Malaysia. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(11), 85-103. 

 

Abdul Rashid A. A., Nathratul Ayeshah Z, Nor Hamizah A. R., Mohd Zaini O., & Nurun Najihah M. (2022). Pengajaran dan pembelajaran semasa norma baharu: Tinjauan terhadap tahap kebahagiaan pelajar. Diperoleh pada Jun 16, 2022 daripada https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358581951_PENGAJARAN_DAN_PEMBELAJARAN_SEMASA_NORMA_BAHARU_TINJAUAN_TERHADAP_TAHAP_KEBAHAGIAAN_PELAJAR  

 

Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (2015). The health belief model. Predicting and changing health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models (3rd edition), 2, 30-55. 

 

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. 

 

Alea, L. A., Fabrea, M. F., Roldan, R. D. A., & Farooqi, A. Z. (2020). Teachers' Covid-19 awareness, distance learning education experiences and perceptions towards institutional readiness and challenges. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 127-144. 

 

Ali, A. M., & Yusof, H. (2011). Quality in qualitative studies: The case of validity, reliability and generalizability. Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting, 5(1), 25-64. 

 

Alzaeem, A. Y., Sulaiman, S. A. S., & Gillani, S. W. (2010). Assessment of the validity and reliability for a newly developed Stress in Academic Life Scale (SALS) for pharmacy undergraduates. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health, 2(7), 239-256. 

 

Amani N. & Umi Hamidaton (2020). Penerimaan pelajar Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) terhadap penggunaan Microsoft teams sebagai platform pembelajaran–Satu tinjauan. 315-330. 

 

Amir, L. R., Tanti, I., Maharani, D. A., Wimardhani, Y. S., Julia, V., Sulijaya, B., & Puspitawati, R. (2020). Student perspective of classroom and distance learning during COVID-19 pandemic in the undergraduate dental study program Universitas Indonesia. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1-8. 

 

Anderson, R., & Smith, D. (2021). keberkesanan pelaksanaan sop norma baharu COVID-19 di sekolah: Kajian kuantitatif dalam konteks pelbagai sekolah di Negeri Sembilan. Jurnal Kesejahteraan Sekolah, 15(1), 75-92. 

 

Angeli, F., & Montefusco, A. (2020). Sensemaking and learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: A complex adaptive systems perspective on policy decision-making. World Development, 136, 1-4. 

 

Arina Anis A., Mohammad Rezal H., Tham J. S., Suffian H. A., & Emma M. (2020). Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. Plos one, 15(5), 1-15. 

 

Ashford, J. W., Gold, J. E., Huenergardt, M. A., Katz, R. B. A., Strand, S. E., Bolanos, J., et al. (2021). MMR vaccination: A potential strategy to reduce severity and mortality of COVID-19 Illness. The American journal of medicine, 134(2), 153-155.  

 

Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to online education in schools during a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), 1-9. 

 

Baskaran, P., Raghav, P., Naveen, K. H., & Saurabh, S. (2021). Enabling readiness of a school to reopen during a pandemic–A field experience. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1-5. 

 

Bernama (2021). Institusi pendidikan, sekolah catat peningkatan kluster COVID-19. Diperoleh pada Februari 5, 2022, daripada https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/institusi-pendidikan-sekolah-catat-peningkatan-kluster-covid19-294739  

 

Boast A, Munro A, & Goldstein H. (2020). An evidence summary of paediatric COVID-19 literature. Diperoleh pada April, 3, 2020 daripada https://www.healthynewbornnetwork.org/resource/an-evidence-summary-of-paediatric-covid-19-literature/  

 

Bond, T. G., & Fox, C. M. (2015). Applying the Rasch Model Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences (Third Edition). New York & London: Routledge. 

 

Bonell, C., Melendez-Torres, G. J., Viner, R. M., Rogers, M. B., Whitworth, M., Rutter, H., et al (2020). An evidence-based theory of change for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in reopened schools. Health & place, 64, 1-6. 

 

Brug, J., Aro, A. R., Oenema, A., De Zwart, O., Richardus, J. H., & Bishop, G. D. (2004). SARS risk perception, knowledge, precautions, and information sources, the Netherlands. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10(8), 1486-1490. 

 

Buheji, M. (2020). The new normal- A new era full of inspiration and resilience after COVID-19. International Journal of Inspiration & Resilience Economy, 4(2),1-2. 

 

Cahapay, M. B. (2020). Rethinking education in the new normal post-COVID-19 era: A curriculum studies perspective. Aquademia, 4(2), 1-5. 

 

Campbell, L. (2020). It’s critical parents make kids follow social distancing guidelines. Diperoleh pada Januari 7, 2021 daripada https://www.healthline.com/health-news/social-distancing-is-important-for-kids-too 

 

Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., et al. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 1-6. 

 

Chavatzia, T., & Watanabe, M. (2020). Preparing the reopening of schools. Resource Paper. Education Covid-19 Response. Ajuba, Bangkok, Beijing, Hanoi, Mexico, and Santiago: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP), 1-26. 

 

Chittleborough, C. R., Nicholson, A. L., Basker, E., Bell, S., & Campbell, R. (2012). Factors influencing hand washing behaviour in primary schools: process evaluation within a randomized controlled trial. Health Education Research, 27(6), 1055-1068. 

 

Chua, Y. P. (2009). Statistik penyelidikan lanjutan: ujian regresi, analisa faktor dan analisis SEM (Vol. 5). McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd. 

 

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, pp.155-159. 

 

Cohen, R., Delacourt, C., Gras-Le Guen, C., Launay, E., & Society, F. P. (2020). COVID-19 and schools. Guidelines of the French Pediatric Society. Archives de Pédiatrie, 27(7), 388-392. 

 

Coman, C., .îru, L. G., Mese.an-Schmitz, L., Stanciu, C., & Bularca, M. C. (2020). Online teaching and learning in higher education during the coronavirus pandemic: Students’ perspective. Sustainability, 12(24), 1-24. 

 

Cooper, S., Kinsman, L., Buykx, P., McConnell-Henry, T., Endacott, R., & Scholes, J. (2010). Managing the deteriorating patient in a simulated environment: nursing students’ knowledge, skill and situation awareness. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(15-16), 2309-2318. 

 

Coronavirus Outbreak (2020). COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. Diperoleh pada 7 Januari, 2021 daripada https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/  

 

Coughlan S. (2020). How reopened schools in Denmark keep children safely apart - BBC News. BBC. Diperoleh pada Mei 12, 2020 daripada https://www.bbc.com/news/education-52550470.  

 

Creswell, J. W. ( 2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (2nd edition). USA: Sage Publication. 

 

Davis, L. L. (1992). Instrument review: Getting the most from a panel of experts. Applied Nursing Research, 194-197.  

 

Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpinski, Z., & Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. 

 

Dong, Y., Mo, X., Hu, Y., Qi, X., Jiang, F., Jiang, Z., et al. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China. Pediatrics, 145(6), 1-10. 

 

Eberhart, M., Orthaber, S., & Kerbl, R. (2021). The impact of face masks on children-A mini review. Acta Paediatrica, 110(6), 1778-1783. 

 

Elengoe, A. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives. 11(3), 93-100. 

 

Endsley, M. R. (1990). Predictive utility of an objective measure of situation awareness. Dalam Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting, pp. 41-45. 

 

Endsley, M. R. (1995). Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Human Factor, 37(1), 32-64. 

 

Evans, M. J. & Rosenthal, J. S. (2004). Probability and statistics: The science of uncertainty. United States: Freeman Company. 

 

Fazley F., Nur Najwa Ariena M. N., & Siti Sarah (2020). Kesan-Kesan Wabak COVID-19 Terhadap Kehidupan Seharian Pelajar-Pelajar Universiti. Diperoleh pada Januari 7, 2022 daripada https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345033712_Kesan-Kesan_Wabak_COVID-19_Terhadap_Kehidupan_Seharian_Pelajar-Pelajar_Universiti_diploma_work  

 

Ferlito, C. & Perone, G. (2020). Covid-19 & the MCO: Exit Strategy for Malaysia. Diperoleh pada Mei 15, 2021, daripada https://www.ideas.org.my/?smd_process_download=1&download_id=5508  

 

Fink, A. (2003). How to sample in surveys (Vol. 7). London: Sage Publication Fracker, M. L. (1991). Measures of situation awareness: Review and future directions. Diperoleh pada Ogos 29, 2023 daripada https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA262672  

 

Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (1993). How to design and evaluate research in education. International Edition. USA: McGrow Hill. 

 

Geldsetzer, P. (2020). Knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 among the general public in the United States and the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional online survey. Annals of internal medicine, 173(2), 157-160. 

 

Ghate, S., Parekh, B. J., Thapar, R. K., Nadkarni, P. R., Sen, S., Bansal, U., et al (2020). Indian Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on school reopening, remote learning 

and curriculum in and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian pediatrics, 57(12), 1153-1165. 

 

Ghauri, P. & Gronhaug, K. (2005). Research methods in business studies. Harlow: Prentice Hall. 

 

Ghosh, R., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., & Dubey, S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on children: special focus on the psychosocial aspect. Minerva pediatrica, 72(3), 226-235. 

 

Guo, Y. R., Cao, Q. D., Hong, Z. S., Tan, Y. Y., Chen, S. D., Jin, H. J., et al. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak-An update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1), 1-10. 

 

Hair, J. F., Jr. , Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2010). SEM: An introduction. Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7th edition.). New Jersey: Pearson Education. 

 

Han, Y., & Yang, H. (2020). The transmission and diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19): A Chinese perspective. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(6), 639-644. 

 

Harper, C. A., Satchell, L. P., Fido, D., & Latzman, R. D. (2020). Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-14. 

 

Hasan, H., Raigangar, V., Osaili, T., Neinavaei, N. E., Olaimat, A. N., & Aolymat, I. (2021). A cross-sectional study on university students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 in the United Arab Emirates. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 104(1), 75-84. 

 

Hasmuk, K., Sallehuddin, H., Tan, M. P., Cheah, W. K., Ibrahim, R., & Chai, S. T. (2020). The long-term care COVID-19 situation in Malaysia. International Long-Term Care Policy Network, 1-20. 

 

Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. The Guilford Press. 

 

Hoffman, K. S., Barragan T, M., & Wotipka, C. M. (2021). Cross-national variation in school reopening measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aera Open, 7, 1-17. 

 

Huck, S. W. (2007). Reform in statistical education. Psychology in the Schools, 44(5), 527-533. 

 

Hudson, E. (2020). New norms and practices (pp 265-307). Diperoleh pada Mac 12, 2021 daripada https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms 

 

Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri Sembilan (2021). Bilangan Sekolah Ditutup Kerana Kes COVID-19. Diperoleh pada September 10, 2022 daripada https://jpnns.moe.gov.my/tu-statistik  

 

Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (2020). Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan Malaysia 2020. Diperoleh pada September 10, 2022 daripada https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/uploads/files/6_Newsletter/Newsletter%202020/DOSM_DOSM.NegeriSembilan_1.2020_Siri-82.pdf  

 

Jeannot, E., Kelly, C., & Thompson, D. (2003). The development of situation awareness measures in ATM systems. Brussels: EUROCONTROL. http://www.eurocontrol.int/humanfactors/docs/HF35-HRS-HSP-005-REP-01withsig.pdf  

 

Johansen, T. B., Astrup, E., Jore, S., Nilssen, H., Dahlberg, B. B., Klingenberg, C., et al. (2020). Infection prevention guidelines and considerations for paediatric risk groups when reopening primary schools during COVID-19 pandemic, Norway, April 2020. Eurosurveillance, 25(22), 1-6. 

 

Johnson, L., & Williams, M. (2019). pengaruh penerimaan terhadap norma baharu kesihatan terhadap amalan kesihatan diri: kajian jangka panjang di kalangan mahasiswa universiti. Jurnal Psikologi Kesihatan, 20(3), 112-130. 

 

Johnston, P., & Wilkinson, K. (2009). Enhancing validity of critical tasks selected for college and university program portfolios. National Forum of Teacher Education Journal, 19(3), 1–6. 

 

Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale: Explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396-403. 

 

Kar, S. K., Verma, N., & Saxena, S. K. (2020). Coronavirus infection among children and adolescents. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutics, 71-79. 

 

Kariya, H. S., Zin, S. M., & Mukhtar, M. (2020). Kajian persepsi pensyarah politeknik terhadap pembinaan item penilaian. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(4), 30-38. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2020). Status terkini kes disahkan COVID-19 yang telah pulih. Diperoleh pada Ogos 29, 2023 daripada https://covid-19.moh.gov.my/terkini/092020/situasi-terkini-24-september-2020/Kenyataan%20Akhbar%20KPK%20COVID-19%20(24%20September%202020).pdf 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2021). Pusat Tingkatan Enam. Diperoleh pada September 10, 2022 daripada https://www.moe.gov.my/pendidikan/lepas-menengah/tingkatan-6  

 

Kim, Y., Kim, T. H., & Ergün, T. (2015). The instability of the Pearson correlation coefficient in the presence of coincidental outliers. Finance Research Letters, 13, 243-257. 

 

Klein, G. (2000). Analysis of situation awareness from critical incident reports. Situation Awareness Analysis and Measurement, 51-72. 

 

Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. 

 

Lau, E. Y. H., & Li, J. B. (2021). Hong Kong children’s school readiness in times of COVID-19: The contributions of parent perceived social support, parent competency, and time spent with children. Frontiers in Psychology, 1-11. 

 

Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563-575. 

 

Lee, K. W., Yap, S. F., Ong, H. T., Leong, P. P., Hatta, N. M., & Lye, M. S. (2022). Knowledge, perceptions and behaviors related to COVID-19 in a University Setting in Malaysia. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1-15. 

 

Lewis, B. R., Templeton, G. F., & Byrd, T. A. (2005). A methodology for construct development in MIS research. European Journal of Information Systems, 14(4), 388-400.  

 

Liu, J. J., Bao, Y., Huang, X., Shi, J., & Lu, L. (2020). Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 4(5), 347-349. 

 

Lo Moro, G., Sinigaglia, T., Bert, F., Savatteri, A., Gualano, M. R., & Siliquini, R. (2020). Reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: Overview and rapid systematic review of guidelines and recommendations on preventive measures and the management of cases. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23), 8839-8860. 

 

Lorreta, G. Y., Marango, T., & Chitongo, L. (2020). The Impact of Social Distancing as a Response to COVID-19 among Foreign Students in Wuhan, China. Mankind Quarterly, 6(2), 190-206. 

 

Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35, 382-385. 

 

Mamun, M. A., Mannoor, K., Shirin, T., Flora, M. S., Qadri, F., Ren, L., et al. (2020). A snapshot on COVID-19: A review. Review, 1-16. 

 

Maung, T. M., Oo, W. M., May, G. X., Yi, C. H., Pathmanafan, J., & Pai, V. (2022). Attitude and Adherence to COVID-19 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) among Malaysians. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 20(16), 1-9. 

 

Maznieda M., Asan A. G. H., Rohaida I., Nurul Fadzilah D., Rosmanajihah M. L., Mizanurfakhri G., et al. (2021). Knowledge and new norms practices among remote communities in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 18(3), 91-99. 

 

Melnick, H., & Darling-Hammond, L. (2020). Reopening schools in the context of COVID-19: Health and safety guidelines from other countries. Policy Brief. Learning Policy Institute, 1-13. 

 

Mohammad Azri A., Han, C. G. K., & Pang, V. (2021). kesahan kandungan soal selidik faktor konteks, input dan proses terhadap penerimaan pelaksanaan elemen pendidikan STEM dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru menggunakan nisbah kesahan kandungan (CVR). International Journal of Advanced Research in Future Ready Learning and Education, 23(1), 10-22. 

 

Muhamad Noh A., Ahmad Rasyidee A. R, & Nor Ezdianie O. (2021). Peranan, tahap kesejahteraan, cabaran dan persediaan ibu bapa dalam menghadapi situasi pandemik COVID-19 di Malaysia. Seminar Keluarga Malaysia, Selangor. Diperoleh pada September 13, 2022 daripada http://familyrepository.lppkn.gov.my/id/eprint/923  

 

Muhammad Safwan H., Khairul Azhar M., Abdul Halim I., Mohd Shauqi S. S. (2021). Perubahan sosial semasa wabak COVID-19 dari perspektif uruf. Journal of Human Capital Development (JHCD), 14(2), 41-60. 

 

National Association of School Psychologists, NASP (2020). Talking to children about COVID-19 (Coronavirus): A parent resource. Diperoleh pada Ogos 22, 2021 daripada  https://higherlogicdownload.s3.amazonaws.com/NASN/3870c72d-fff9-4ed7-833f-215de278d256/UploadedImages/PDFs/02292020_NASP_NASN_COVID-19_parent_handout.pdf  

 

Nor Aidawati A., & Mazidah M. (2021). kesediaan pelajar terhadap proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (Pdp) norma baharu di Jabatan Teknologi Maklumat & Komunikasi (Jtmk). Education, 3(8), 114-124. 

 

Oluwatayo, J. A. (2012). Validity and reliability issues in educational research. Journal of Educational and Social Research. 2(2), 1-10. 

 

Orique, S. B., & Despins, L. (2018). Evaluating situation awareness: an integrative review. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 40(3), 388-424. 

 

Orscheln, R. C., Newland, J. G., & Rosen, D. A. (2021). Practical school algorithms for symptomatic or SARS-CoV-2-exposed students are essential for returning children to in-person learning. The Journal of Pediatrics, 229, 275-277. 

 

Pakpour, A. H., Griffiths, M. D., & Lin, C. Y. (2020). Assessing psychological response to the COVID-19: The fear of COVID-19 Scale and the COVID Stress Scales. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-4. 

 

Pallant, J. (2010). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS (4th Edition). United Kingdom: McGraw-Hill International. 

 

Perimbanayagam, K. (2022). Schools back to pre-pandemic routine from May 1 News Straits Times. Diperoleh pada April 28, 2022 daripada https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2022/04/792564/schools-back-pre-pandemic-routine-may-1 

 

Petretto, D. R., Masala, I., & Carmelo M. (2020). School closure and children in the outbreak of COVID-19. Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health. 16, 189-191.  

 

Polit, D.E. and Beck, C.T. (2006) Essentials of Nursing Research. 6th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 

 

Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467. 

 

Prati, G., & Mancini, A. D. (2021). The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns: A review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies and natural experiments. Psychological Medicine, 1-11. 

 

Qazi, A., Qazi, J., Naseer, K., Zeeshan, M., Hardaker, G., Maitama, J. Z., & Haruna, K. (2020). Analyzing situational awareness through public opinion to predict adoption of social distancing amid pandemic COVID-19. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(7), 849-855. 

 

Quilty, B. J., Clifford, S., Flasche, S., & Eggo, R. M. (2020). Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Eurosurveillance, 25(5), 1-6. 

 

Raith, C. P. (2019). Students' formal and informal information sources: From course materials to user-generated content. Opening Up Education for Inclusivity Across Digital Economies and Societies, 209-232. 

 

Raharjo, T. (2017). Kesadaran phonologi dengan literasi membaca pada anak disleksia: Kajian meta analisis. Jurnal Psikologi Perseptual, 2(2), 109-123. 

 

Ramos, S. V. (2020). Servant leadership towards the 21st rich media technologies amidst COVID-19. JATI-Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 25(2), 40-59. 

 

Robinson, R., Robinson, H. S., Bjørke, G., & Kvale, A. (2009). Reliability and validity of a palpation technique for identifying the spinous processes of C7 and L5. Manual Therapy, 14(4), 409-414. 

 

Rose, N. N., Ishak, A. S., & Ahmad, N. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic: Towards the-new normal. among Malaysian public universities. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(4), 2750-2758. 

 

Rosmilawati A. R., Raja Ahmad Syawal R. M., & Mohd Sahril M. F. (2020). Kesediaan dan motivasi pelajar kolej komuniti negeri Perak untuk menghadapi norma baharu sewaktu pandemik Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Pembelajaran secara atas talian. Politeknik & Kolej Komuniti Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 28-40. 

 

Rothe, C., Schunk, M., Sothmann, P., Bretzel, G., Froeschl, G., Wallrauch, C., et al. (2020). Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany. New England journal of medicine, 382(10), 970-971. 

 

Sababathy, M., Kalok, A. H. M., Hafizz, A. M. H. A., Sharip, S., Zainuddin, Z. M., & Shafiee, M. N. (2021). Perception of medical students towards COVID-19 outbreak and Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and impact on education. Research Square, 1-13. 

 

Sabitha M. (2005). Kaedah penyelidikan sains sosial. Malaysia: Prentice Hall. 

 

Safadi, M. A. P. (2020). The intriguing features of COVID-19 in children and its impact on the pandemic. Jornal de pediatria, 96, 265-268. 

 

Sarter, N. B., & Woods, D. D. (1991). Situation awareness: A critical but ill-defined phenomenon. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 1(1), 45-57. 

 

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students (6th Edition). Pearson Education. 

 

Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. (4th ed). John Wiley & Sons, New York. 

 

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2011). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. (5th ed.). New Delhi: John Wiley & Sons. 

 

Seppänen, H., Mäkelä, J., Luokkala, P., & Virrantaus, K. (2013). Developing shared situational awareness for emergency management. Safety Science, 55, 1-9. 

 

Shaikh, A. A., & Likhite, A. (2020). Awareness, Perception and safety practices about COVID-19 in school children of 6-16 years using COVID-19 quiz. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 10(8), 42-48. 

 

Sheeran, P., Maki, A., Montanaro, E., Avishai-Yitshak, A., Bryan, A., Klein, W. M. P. et al. (2016). The impact of changing attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy on health-related intentions and behavior: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 35(11), 1178-1188. 

 

Shehata, M. A., Adel, A., Armaneous, A. F., El-Sonbaty, M. M., Abdel Atti, M., El-Hariri, H. M., et al. (2021). Egyptian school children awareness and precautions in Covid19 pandemic: a cross sectional survey study. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(1), 1-7. 

 

Shi, J., Njai, R., Wells, E., Collins, J., Wilkins, M., Dooyema, C., et al. (2014). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nonpharmaceutical interventions following school dismissals during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic in Michigan, United States. PLoS One, 9(4), 1-8. 

 

Shober, A. (2012). The Democratic Dilemma of American Education: Out of Many, One? New York: Routledge  

 

Simon, A., Huebner, J., Berner, R., Munro, A. P., Exner, M., Huppertz, H. I., & Walger, P. (2020). Measures to maintain regular operations and prevent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in childcare facilities or schools under pandemic conditions and co-circulation of other respiratory pathogens. GMS Hygiene and Infection Control, 15, 1-15. 

 

Siti Nazilah H., Liyana M. R., & Adirah I. (2020). Kajian penerimaan pelajar Politeknik Balik Pulau terhadap proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian (PDPDT). International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2(4), 407-414. 

 

Sintema, E. J. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 on the performance of grade 12 students: Implications for STEM education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(7), 1-6. 

 

Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. Free Press. 

 

Smart, N. R., Horwell, C. J., Smart, T. S., & Galea, K. S. (2020). Assessment of the wearability of facemasks against air pollution in primary school-aged children in London. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 1-13. 

 

Smith, J., & Brown, A. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesedaran terhadap norma baharu COVID-19: Kajian kes di kalangan murid-murid sekolah. Jurnal Kajian Kesedaran dan Pendidikan Kesihatan, 10(2), 45-60. 

 

Smith, K., & Hancock, P. A. (1995). Situation awareness is adaptive, externally directed consciousness. Human factors, 37(1), 137-148. 

 

Stage, H. B., Shingleton, J., Ghosh, S., Scarabel, F., Pellis, L., & Finnie, T. (2021). Shut and re-open: the role of schools in the spread of COVID-19 in Europe. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 376(1829), 1-11. 

 

Stubbings, L., Chaboyer, W., & McMurray, A. (2012). Nurses’ use of situation awareness in decision-making: an integrative review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(7), 1443-1453. 

 

Suppawittaya, P., Yiemphat, P., & Yasri, P. (2020). Effects of social distancing, self-quarantine and self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s well-being, and how to cope with it. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 5(2), 12-20. 

 

Syed Arab I. (2003). The beginnings of communication study: A preliminary observation. Communication Study and the Human Sciences: A Transdisciplinary Colloqium, 30-55. 

 

Syed Chear, S. L., Hamzah, S. H., Mohd Zin, N., Darini, F., Jaswir, I. S., & Mat Nazir, N. (2021). Private kindergartens compliance to standard operating procedures during movement control order period. EDUCATUM Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2), 23-33.  

 

Taherdoost, H. (2016). Validity and reliability of the research instrument: how to test the validation of a questionnaire/survey in a research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM). 5(3), 28-36. 

 

Taye, B. T., Mihret, M. S., Tiguh, A. E., Dinberu, M. T., Kitaw, T. M., Tessema, S. D., et al (2021). Readiness and intention for adapting new normal Covid-19 prevention campaign for sustainable response among Debre Berhan University Student’s during campus re-entry: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Education. 6, 1-13. 

 

Taylor, G. (2012). Readability of OHS documents - A comparison of surface characteristics of OHS text between some languages. Safety Science, 50(7), 1627-1635. 

 

Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association, TIAA (2020). Higher education in a post-COVID-19 world. Diperoleh pada Mac 12, 2021 daripada https://www.tiaa.org/public/pdf/the-new-normal-higher-education-in-a-post-COVID-19-world.pdf  

 

Tiaprapong, K., Sirikul, A., Krajangmek, C., Duangthongkul, N., Pandam, N., & Piya-Amornphan, N. (2021). Awareness of COVID-19 influences on the wellness of Thai health professional students: An ambulatory assessment during the early “new normal” informing policy. PloS One, 16(6), 1-13. 

 

Tilden, V. P., Nelson, C. A., & May, B. A. (1990). Use of qualitative methods to enhance content validity. Nursing Research, 39(3), 172-175.  

 

Tria, J. Z. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of education in the Philippines: The new normal. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 1(1), 2-4. 

 

Ubaidah, A., Mansor, A. N., & Hashim, H. (2021). Challenges of COVID Standard Operating Procedure compliance in a secondary private school. Creative Education, 12(8), 1881-1890. 

 

Uscher-Pines, L., Schwartz, H. L., Ahmed, F., Zheteyeva, Y., Meza, E., Baker, G., & Uzicanin, A. (2018). School practices to promote social distancing in K-12 schools: review of influenza pandemic policies and practices. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-13. 

 

Upton, G. & Cook, I. (2008). Oxford dictionary of statistics. (2nd Edition). United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 

 

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO (2020). UNESCO COVID 19 Education Response; Education Sector issue notes – Issue 8.1 April 2020. Diperoleh pada Ogos 7, 2021, daripada https://reliefweb.int/report/world/unesco-covid-19-education-response-education-sector-issue-notes-issue-note-n-81-april  

 

Utusan Borneo Online (2021). SOP di sekolah baik dengan tahap pematuhan yang tinggi - Radzi. Diperoleh pada September 14, 2022 daripada https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2021/03/01/sop-di-sekolah-baik-dengan-tahap-pematuhan-yang-tinggi-radzi 

 

Utusan Online (2021). 12.6 % rakyat di Negeri Sembilan telah divaksin - Nor Ainna Hamzah. Diperoleh pada Ogos 29, 2023 daripada https://www.utusan.com.my/covid-19/2021/06/12-6-rakyat-di-negeri-sembilan-telah-divaksin/ 

 

Vagias, W. M. (2006). Likert-type scale response anchors. Clemson International Institute for Tourism & Research Development, Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. Clemson University. 

 

Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M. et al. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460-471. 

 

Viner, R. M., Russell, S. J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., et al. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 397-404. 

 

Voeten, H. A., De Zwart, O., Veldhuijzen, I. K., Yuen, C., Jiang, X., Elam, G., et al. (2009). Sources of information and health beliefs related to SARS and avian influenza among Chinese communities in the United Kingdom and The Netherlands, compared to the general population in these countries. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16(1), 49-57. 

 

Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947. 

 

Wise, J. (2020). Covid-19: Push to reopen schools risks new wave of infections, says Independent SAGE, BMJ, 1-1.  

 

World Health Organization, WHO (2020a). Key messages and actions for COVID-19 prevention and control in schools. Diperoleh pada Mei 2, 2021, daripada https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/key-messages-and-actions-for-covid-19-prevention-and-control-in-schools  

 

World Health Organization, WHO (2020b). Population based age stratified seroepidemiological investigation protocol for COVID-19 virus infection. Diperoleh pada Mac 12, 2020 daripada https://www.who.int/publications-detail/population-based-age-stratified-seroepidemiological-investigationprotocol-for-covid-19-virus-infection  

 

World Health Organization, WHO (2020c). “Considerations for school-related public health measures in the context of COVID-19. Diperoleh pada May 10, 2020 daripada https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/considerations-for-school-related-public-health-measures-in-the-context-of-covid-19  

 

Younie, S., Mitchell, C., Bisson, M. J., Crosby, S., Kukona, A., & Laird, K. (2020). Improving young children’s handwashing behaviour and understanding of germs: The impact of A Germ’s Journey educational resources in schools and public spaces. Plos One, 15(11), 1-19. 

 

Yusuf, M.A., Oluwole, A. F., & Blessing, L. A. (2013). Appraising the role of information communication technology (ICT) as a change agent for higher education in Nigeria. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 5(8), 177-183. 

 

Zimmermann, P., & Curtis, N. (2020). Coronavirus infections in children including COVID-19: An overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention options in children. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 39(5), 355-368. 

 

Zou, L., Ruan, F., Huang, M., Liang, L., Huang, H., Hong, Z., et al. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. New England journal of medicine, 382(12), 1177-1179. 

 

 

 

 

 

 


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.