Abdul Aziz, A. R., Zulkifli, N. A., Othman, M. Z., & Musa, N. N. (2021). Tinjauan Terhadap Tahap Tekanan Pelajar Universiti Semasa Pandemik COVID-19. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(10), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i10.1123
Adejo, O. W., Ewuzie, I., Usoro, A., & Connolly, T. (2018). E-learning to M-learning: Framework for data protection and security in cloud infrastructure. International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science, 10(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2018.04.01
A framework for farmers’ acceptance of smart mobile learning system for pesticide management training: A conceptual review. (2023). International Journal of Business and Technology Management. https://doi.org/10.55057/ ijbtm.2023.5.3.2
Al-Gahtani, S. S. (2016). Empirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: A structural equation model. Applied Computing and Informatics, 12(1), 27-50.
Ali, R. A., & Arshad, M. R. (2016). Perspectives of students’ behavior towards mobile learning (M-learning) in Egypt: An extension of the UTAUT model. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 6(4), 1109-1114. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.710
Alshurideh, M., Salloum, S. A., Al Kurdi, B., & Al-Emran, M. (2019). Factors affecting the social networks acceptance. Proceedings of the 2019 8th International Conference on Software and Computer Applications. https://doi.org/10.1145/3316615.3316720
Al-Saedi, K., Al-Emran, M., Abusham, E., & El Rahman, S. A. (2019). Mobile payment adoption: A systematic review of the UTAUT model. 2019 International Conference on Fourth Industrial Revolution (ICFIR). https://doi.org/10.1109/icfir.2019.8894794
Alat Pemanggang Automatik Mudah Alih. (2023). International Journal of Business and Technology Management. https://doi.org/10.55057/ijbtm.2023.5.3.43
Al-Emran, M., Elsherif, H. M., & Shaalan, K. (2016). Investigating attitudes towards the use of mobile learning in higher education. Computers in Human Behavior, 56, 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.033
Al-Fedaghi, S. (2016). Privacy as a machine. 2016 International Conference on Information System and Artificial Intelligence (ISAI). https://doi.org/10.1109/isai.2016.0013
Ally, M. (2009). Mobile learning: Transforming the delivery of education and training. Athabasca University Press. https://doi.org/10.15215/aupress/9781897 425435.0
Almaiah, M. A., & Alismaiel, O. A. (2018). Examination of factors influencing the use of mobile learning system: An empirical study. Education and Information Technologies, 24(1), 885-909. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9810-7
Alrasheedi, M., Capretz, L. F., & Raza, A. (2015). A systematic review of the critical factors for success of mobile learning in higher education (University students' perspective). Journal of Educational Computing Research, 52(2), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633115571928
Althunibat, A. (2015). Determining the factors influencing students’ intention to use M-learning in Jordan higher education. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 65-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.046
Atirah, S. (2020, December 14). Students need mental health support: Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka students trying to get Internet connection outdoors. Higher education institutions should help students cope with anxiety during the pandemic. New Straits Times. https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/letters/ 2020/12/649169/students-need-mental-health-support
Arpaci, I., & Gürbüz, T. (2013). Innovation in learning. Adoption of Virtual Technologies for Business, Educational, and Governmental Advancements, 117-125. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2053-7.ch009
Berita Harian Online. (2020, March 16). Kerajaan umum Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan mulai Rabu. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/amp/berita /nasional/2020/03/665949/covid-19-kerajaan-umum-perintah-kawalan-pergerakan-mulai-rabu
Cao, T. M., & Nguyen, N. P. (2022). Factors affecting students in Vietnam's intention on using smartphones for learning on the mobile learning platforms. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0038
Chua, Y. P. (2014). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan : Ujian regresi, analisis faktor dan analisis SEM: Buku 5. (ed. kedua). Kuala Lumpur: Mc-Graw Hill Sdn. Bhd
Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). Teaching and educational transformation. Second International Handbook of Educational Change, 505-520. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2660-6_30
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
De Witt, C. (2018). Mobile learning – Smart learning – Next learning. Handbuch Mobile Learning, 995-1014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19123-8_46
Dolawattha, D. M., Premadasa, H. S., & Jayaweera, P. M. (2022). Evaluating sustainability of mobile learning framework for higher education: A machine learning approach. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 39(3), 266-281. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-08-2021-0121
Dunn, R. S., Dunn, K. J., & Price, G. E. (1979). Identifying individual learning styles. Dlm. Keefe J.W. (Ed). Student learning style: Diagnosing and prescribing programs. hlm. 39-54. Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary School Principals.
Factors influencing learner's motivation in mobile learning environment: An empirical study on University EFL learners. (2023). Medicon Engineering Themes. https://doi.org/10.55162/mcet.04.107
Fatmasari, R., & Zuwirna, Z. (2020). Student satisfaction on distance education academic services. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Science and Technology - ICESTech 2020. https://doi.org/10.32698/tech3232
Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS (3rd Edition). London: SAGE Publications Ltd
Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2001). Critical thinking, cognitive presence, and computer conferencing in distance education. American Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 7-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/089236401095 27071
George, D. & Mallery, P. (1995). SPSS/PC+step by step: A simple guide and reference. Estados Unidos: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Gilavand, A. (2022). The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on education and the motivation of students. Health Education Research, 37(2), 114-123. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.973690
Hajizadeh, S., Salman, A. R., & Ebadi, S. (2023). Evaluating language learning applications from EFL learners’ perspectives: The case of Mondly. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3011332/v1
Hakim, Thursan, 2000, Belajar Secara Efektif, Jakarta: Pupsa Swara
Hamzah, M. (2007). Keberkesanan penggunaan perbincangan atas talian dalam portal My Guru 2 terhadap pembelajaran di UPSI. Presented at the International Malaysian Educational Technology Convention. Retrieved November, 2007, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259335410_Keberkesanan_ penggunaan_perbincangan_atas_talian_dalam_portal_My_Guru_2_terhadap_pembelajaran_di_UPSI
Handal, B., Campbell, C., & Perkins, T. (2019). Learning about mobile learning: Pre-service teachers’ perspectives. TechTrends, 63(6), 711-722. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-019-00430-1
Hanifah, M. (2016) UPSI’s role in educational development. Berita Harian.
Handayani, Ririn.2020. Metodologi Penelitian Sosial. Yogyakarta: Trussmedia Grafika.
Hajizadeh, S., Salman, A. R., & Ebadi, S. (2023). Evaluating language learning applications from EFL learners’ perspectives: The case of Mondly. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3011332/v1
Hasan, N., & Bao, Y. (2020). Impact of “E-LEarning crack-up” perception on psychological distress among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A mediating role of “fear of academic year loss”. Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 105355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105355
Hashim, R. (2019). Hubungan Antara Motivasi Dan Penerimaan Dengan Pencapaian Akademik Pelajar Dalam Pembelajaran Menggunakan M-pembelajaran Di Kolej Vokasional. International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science, 2(2), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0202.37
Huang, J., Lin, Y., & Chuang, S. (2007). Elucidating user behavior of mobile learning. The Electronic Library, 25(5), 585-598. https://doi.org/10.1108 /02640470710829569
Huang, J. H., Lin, Y. R., & Chuang, S. T. (2010). Elucidating user behavior of mobile learning: A perspective of the extended technology acceptance model. The Electronic Library, 28(5), 669-682. https://doi.org/10.1108/026404 70710829569
Israil, A. A., & Ahmad, A. (2023). Kesediaan Murid terhadap Penggunaan Peranti Mudah Alih dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(4), e002196. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i4.2196
Kamrozzaman, N. A., Badusah, J., & Wan Mohammad, W. M. (2019). Heutagogy approach : Effectiveness of M-learning for lifelong learning education/ Pendekatan Heutagogi :Keberkesanan M-pembelajaran untuk Pendidikan Sepanjang Hayat. Sains Humanika, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v11n3.1496
Karim, R. A., Adnan, A. H., Salim, M. S., Kamarudin, S., & Zaidi, A. (2020). Education innovations through mobile learning technologies for the industry 4.0 readiness of tertiary students in Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 917(1), 012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/ 1757-899x/917/1/012022
Kaviza, M. (2019). Intrinsic motivation among form four history students. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.4310018
Kaspin, K. G., Jamal, M. B., Mohd Nor, N. M., Abdul Rahman, M. H., Marzuki, M., & Ramlie, H. @. (2021). The teacher training curriculum at the Sultan Idris training college(Sitc) since the establishment until the outbreak of the World War II 1922-1941. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 6(39), 111-126. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.639007
Kear, K., Williams, J., Seaton, R., & Einon, G. (2004). Using information and communication technology in a modular distance learning course. European Journal of Engineering Education, 29(1), 1 25. https://doi.org/10.1080 /0304379032000129331
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Kleinginna, P. R., & Kleinginna, A. M. (1981). A categorized list of motivation definitions, with a suggestion for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotion, 5(3), 263-291. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00993889
Lee, C. (2015). Use of iPad for teaching and learning: A review of the literature. International Journal of Social Media and Interactive Learning Environments, 3(3), 184. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsmile.2015.072291
Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2008). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership. School Leadership & Management, 28(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632430701800060
Low Xin Xin (2003). Pola Gaya Pembelajaran Pelajar-pelajar Di Kelas Lukisan Kejuruteraan Sekolah Menengah Sains Muar. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia: Laporan PSM. Tidak diterbitkan.
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing research, 35(6), 382-386
Mac Callum, K., & Jeffrey, L. (2013). The influence of students' ICT skills and their adoption of mobile learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.298
Mahat, H., Saleh, Y., Hashim, M., & Nayan, N. (2016). Model development on awareness of education for sustainable schools development in Malaysia. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 48(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.12446
Mahizer Hamzah (2007). Keberkesanan penggunaan perbincangan atas talian dalam portal My Guru 2 terhadap pembelajaran di UPSI. Proceedings of the 1st International Malaysian Educational Technology Convention 2007 (pp. 242–247). Kuala Lumpur: META.
Martin, R. (2011). M-learning and student engagement: Factors that impact learning outcomes (Doctoral dissertation, Murdoch University) https://researchportal.murdoch.edu.au/esploro/outputs/doctoral/M-learning-and-student-engagement-Factors that/991005543524507891/ filesAndLinks?skipUsageReporting=true&skipUsageReporting=true&recordUsage=false&recordUsage=false&institution=61MUN_INST&index=0
McQuiggan, Scott; Kosturko, Lucy; McQuiggan, Jaime; Sabourin, Jennifer (2015): Mobile learning. A handbook for developers educators and learners. Online-
Ausg. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons (Wiley and SAS business series).
Md. Salleh, H., & Tasir, Z. (2011). The impact of interactive multimedia in e-learning on the learning process. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 439-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.061
Mohamad Khairi Othman & Asmawati Suhid. (2010). UPSI’s educational contributions: A historical perspective. Malaysia Historical Journal, 12(2), 45-58. https://ir.upsi.edu.my/doc.php?t=p&id=90e35542c6a6893867b2d1a176d56a8765c33b3fc8588
Mohammad, W. M. (2019). Heutagogy approach : Effectiveness of M-learning for lifelong learning education/ Pendekatan Heutagogi :Keberkesanan M-pembelajaran untuk Pendidikan Sepanjang Hayat. Sains Humanika, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v11n3.1496
Moore, M. G. (1989). Editorial: Three types of interaction. American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923648909526659
Moris Zahtila. (2018). Mobile Learning (M-Learning) - Concept and Development of an App for the Alpine Cartographic Field School [Master's thesis]. https://cartographymaster.eu/wp-content/theses/2018_ZAHTILA_Thesis.pdf
National Commission on teaching and America's future (NCTAF). (2010). Encyclopedia of Educational Reform and Dissent. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412957403.n290
Nur Hafizoh Idrus & Rohana Hamzah. (2012). The effectiveness of teacher education programs: An evaluation of UPSI graduates. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 9, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199756810-0138
N.W.A. Suari, P.P. Juniartini, & N.L.P.L. Devi. (2022). Analisis faktor Yang mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa terhadap pembelajaran ipa. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran IPA Indonesia, 12(2), 88-98. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppii.v12i2.56561
Park, K., & Sung, E. (2012). "The influence of students' perception of instructional performances on learning motivation, learning attitude, and learning satisfaction in a higher education context". Journal of Educational Technology, 28(2), 289-315. https://doi.org/10.17232/kset.28.2.289
Peng, D. (2019). Mobile-based teacher professional training: Influence factor of technology acceptance. Foundations and Trends in Smart Learning, 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6908-7_23
Pintrich, P. R., & De Groot, E. V. (1990). Motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. PsycTESTS Dataset. https://doi.org/10.1037/t09161-000
Pintrich, P. R. (2003). A motivational science perspective on the role of student motivation in learning and teaching contexts. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(4), 667-686. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.667
Qashou, A. (2020). Influencing factors in M-learning adoption in higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 26(2), 1755-1785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10323-
Ramlee Ismail, Jamal Nordin Yunus & Hariri Kamis. (2014). Analisis data kuantitatif. Kuala Lumpur: Kaisar Media Kreatif
Rashid, R., & Yeo, K. J. (2007). Hubungan antara gaya pembelajaran dengan motivasi dalam kalangan pelajar di sebuah sekolah menengah luar bandar, Sabah. http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/6527/
Razali, N. H., & Khalid, F. B. (2021). Penggunaan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Mudah Alih dalam Pembelajaran Matematik bagi Pelajar Sekolah Menengah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(6), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i6.812
Revelle, W., Atkinson, J. W., & Raynor, J. O. (1975). Motivation and achievement. The American Journal of Psychology, 88(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.2307/1421673
Rodrigues IB, Adachi JD, Beattie KA, MacDermid JC. 2017. Development and validation of a new tool to measurethe facilitators, barriers and preferences to exercise in people with osteoporosis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 18(504): 1-9
Rogers, P. L. (2005). Interactivity as the Key to Online Learning. In C. Howard, J. Boettcher, L. Justice, K. Schenk, P. Rogers, & G. Berg (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Distance Learning (pp. 1145-1148). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-555-9.ch170
Romero, E., & Artal-Sevil, J. S. (2021). Scratch: A tool for learning and teaching. ICERI2021 Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.1763
Rosdi, A. Z., Syed Hassan, S. N., & Mahfuz, M. S. (2021). Penerimaan Pelajar Dan Penggunaan M-pembelajaran Terhadap Pengajian Hadis. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs, 5(1), 100-112. https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol5no1.103
Rosniah Mustaffa, (2007) Mengadaptasikan gaya pembelajaran pelajar ESL: satu kajian kes pelajar tahun satu di UKM. GEMA: Online Journal of Language Studies, 7 (1). pp. 1-32. ISSN 1675-8021
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
Sani, R. (2020, July 1). Staying motivated with online learning. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/education/2020/07/605116/staying-motivated-online-learning
Sang, G., Valcke, M., Braak, J. V., & Tondeur, J. (2010). Student teachers’ thinking processes and ICT integration: Predictors of prospective teaching behaviors with educational technology. Computers & Education, 54(1), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.07.010
Sarrab, M., & Al-Shihi, H. (2018). Information quality characteristics for M-learning applications. International Research Journal of Electronics and Computer Engineering, 4(3), 1. https://doi.org/10.24178/irjece.2018.4.3.01
Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806
Selvanathan, M., Hussin, N. A., & Azazi, N. A. (2020). Students learning experiences during COVID-19: Work from home period in Malaysian higher learning institutions. Teaching Public Administration, 41(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0144739420977900 Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, & Davis. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Senaratne, S. I., & Samarasinghe, S. M. (2019). Factors affecting the intention to adopt M-learning. International Business Research, 12(2), 150. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n2p150
Sidik, D., & Syafar, F. (2020). Exploring the factors influencing student’s intention to use mobile learning in Indonesia higher education. Education and Information
Technologies, 25(6), 4781-4796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10018-0
Snezhko, Z., Babaskin, D., Vanina, E., Rogulin, R., & Egorova, Z. (2022). Motivation for mobile learning: Teacher engagement and built-in mechanisms. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 16(01), 78-93. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i01.26321
Speech at the GSMA 2018 mobile world Congress, Barcelona, Spain. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1596/30309
Sugiyono.2013. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif,Kualitatif,Dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta
Suradi Salim. Tinjauan sikap dan tabiat belajar pelajar-pelajar sekolah menengah Negeri Selangor. Jurnal Pendidikan. 1997. 11: 77-90.
Teacher evaluation and teacher effectiveness. (2013). Education. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199756810-0138
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance Model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x
Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal Field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
Viera, A. J., & Garrett, J. M. (2005). Understanding Interobserver Agreement : The Kappa Statistic. Journal Family Medicine, 37(5), 360–363
Voicu, M., & Muntean, M. (2023). Factors that influence mobile learning among University students in Romania. Electronics, 12(4), 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040938
Wang, Y., & Chiu, Y. (2020). Interaction matters: Strategies to promote engaged learning in an online introductory nutrition course. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 11(2), 249-261.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27441032/
Wiesen, C. (2019). Learn to use the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy in SPSS with data from Lahman’s baseball database (2017). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526489357
undefined. (2023). Medicon Engineering Themes. https://doi.org/10.55162/mcet.04.107
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. (n.d.). About UPSI. Retrieved from http://www.upsi.edu.my
Xu, Y. (2020). The effects of online teaching on EFL students’ learning motivation. Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 4(11). https://doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v4i11.1638
Yulita, Y., & Sukardi, S. (2019). Pengembangan permainan pal mix pembelajaran penjasorkes. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 7(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.31571/jpo.v7i2.1173
Yusoff MSB. ABC of content validation and content validity index calculation. Education in Medical Journal. 2009; 11(2): 49-54
Yulius, D., Setiabudi, A., & Mulyani, S. (2016). Mobile learning: A good practice from an EFL classroom. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(24), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473962187.n17
Zamanzadeh V, Ghahramanian A, Rassaoli M, Abbaszadeh A, Majd HA, Nikanfar AR. Design and implementation content validity study: Development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. Journal of Caring Sciences. 2015; 4(2): 165- 78