Ab Rahman, S., Azim, A. M. M., & Ismail, S. (2020). Pandemik COVID 19: Tekanan kewangan, literasi kewangan menjadi penentu kesejahteraan kewangan di kalangan komuniti Durian Tunggal. Journal of Business Innovation, 5(1), 91. https://www.unimel.edu.my/journal/index.php/JBI/article/view/813/656  

Abdul Rahman, Soffizzan (2016) Hubungkait antara personaliti, peranan gender, komunikasi, tekanan kewangan dan kualiti perkahwinan dalam kalangan individu muslim baru berkahwin di Lembah Klang, Malaysia. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.  

Abdullah, H., Dahalan, J., Hwei, K. L., Umar, M., & Uddin, M. M. (2017). Malaysian Financial Stress Index and Assessing its Impacts on the Economy. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(2), 227–235. Retrieved from https://www. econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/4055  

Abdullah, S. F., Shah, N. A., & Idaris, R. M. (2020). Stress and its relationship with the academic performance of higher institution students. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 2(1), 61-73. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijares/article/view/8844   

Abdullah, S., Sipon, S., Nazli, N. N. N. N., & Puwasa, N. H. (2015). The relationship between stress and social support among flood victims. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 192, 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.009   

Abla, C., & Fraumeni, B. R. (2019). Student engagement: Evidence-based strategies to boost academic and social-emotional results. McREL International.  

Abrams, Z. (2022). Are your kids stressed about family finances? Psychologists offer answers for addressing anxiety over tight budgets. American Psychological Association.  

Abu Bakar, B., Safie, S., & Suhaimi, I. S. (2022). Kesejahteraan Mental dalam Kalangan Huffaz: Satu Tinjauan Awal. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 7(49), 148 - 161. DOI: 10.55573/JISED.074914 

Adedoyin, Olasile. (2020). Quantitative Research Method.  

Afridah, M., Rahmawati, I., Zamardah, L., & Salsabila, S. (2022). Kesejahteraan Emosional Pedagang Kaki Lima di Masa Pandemi. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Psikologi, 2(1), 21-30.  

Ahir, H., Dell'Ariccia, G., Furceri, D., Papageorgiou, C., & Qi, H. (2023). Financial Stress and Economic Activity: Evidence from a New Worldwide Index.  

Ahmad, Z., Ahmad, A. R., & Awang, M. M. (2019). Kajian Kolerasi Kesejahteraan Emosi Pelajar Cemerlang: Signifikasi Positif Aktiviti Senggang: Correlation Study of Emotional Wellbeing of Exellent Students: Positive Signification of Leisure Activities. The Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah Journal (JSASS), 6(1), 130-143. Retrieved from https://jsass.kuis.edu.my/index.php/jsass/article/view/ 82  

Al-Rouq, F., Al-Otaibi, A., AlSaikhan, A., Al-Essa, M., & Al-Mazidi, S. (2022). Assessing Physiological and Psychological Factors Contributing to Stress among Medical Students: Implications for Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16822. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416822  

Ali, M. M., & Hassan, N. (2018). Defining Concepts of Student Engagement and Factors Contributing to Their Engagement in Schools. Creative Education, 9, 2161-2170. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2018.914157 

Alias, N. A. (2023, Mei 2). Universiti bantu pelajar tangani masalah kewangan . Berita Harian. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/pendidikan/2023/05/1096241/ universiti-bantu-pelajar-tangani-masalah-kewangan  

Alotaibi, T., Almuhanna, R., Alhassan, J., Alqadhib, E., Mortada, E., & Alwhaibi, R. (2020, November). The relationship between technology use and physical activity among typically-developing children. In Healthcare (Vol. 8, No. 4, p. 488). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040488  

Ashok Yakkaldevi. (2022). Research Methodology for Beginners.  

Åslund, C., Larm, P., Starrin, B., & Nilsson, K. W. (2014). The buffering effect of tangible social support on financial stress: influence on psychological well-being and psychosomatic symptoms in a large sample of the adult general population. International journal for equity in health, 13, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s12939-014-0085-3   

Bager-Charleson, S., & McBeath, A. (2020). Enjoying research in counselling and psychotherapy: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.  

Bennett, J., Heron, J., Kidger, J., & Linton, M. J. (2023). Investigating Change in Student Financial Stress at a UK University: Multi-Year Survey Analysis across a Global Pandemic and Recession. Education Sciences, 13(12), 1175.  https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121175   

Berita Harian (2020, Oktober 10). Hampir setengah juta rakyat Malaysia alami simptom depresi. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/10/740400/hampir-setengah- juta-rakyat-malaysia-alami-simptom-depresi 

Bofah, E. A. T., & Hannula, M. S. (2017). Home resources as a measure of socio-economic status in Ghana. Large-scale Assessments in Education, 5(1), 1-15. DOI:10.1186/ s40536-017-0039-5  

Cadaret, M.C. and Sara, R.B. (2019). College Students' Reported Financial Stress and Its Relationship to Psychological Distress. Journal of College Counseling, 22(3), 225-239. DOI:10.1002/jocc.12139  

Canova, S., Cortinovis, D. L., & Ambrogi, F. (2017). How to describe univariate data. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 9(6), 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.  

Çevik, G. B., & Yildiz, M. A. (2017). The Role of Perceived Social Support and Coping Styles in Predicting Adolescents' Positivity. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(5), 723-732. DOI:10.13189/ujer.2017.050504 

Che Azizan, S. N., & Mohamad Nasri, N. (2020). Pandangan Guru Terhadap Pembelajaran dalam Talian melalui pendekatan Home Based Learning (HBL) semasa tempoh Pandemik COVID-19: Teacher’s View on Online Learning through Home Based Learning approach (HBL) during period COVID-19 Pendemic. PENDETA, 11, 46–57. https://doi.org/10.37134/pendeta.vol11. edisikhas.4.2020  

Chizum, D. M. (2013). Mixed Signals: A Phenomenological Study on the Effects of Cell Phones on College Student Involvement.  

Choi, L. (2009). Financial stress and its physical effects on individuals and communities. Community Development Investment Review, 5(3), 120-122. https://ideas.repec.org/a/fip/fedfcr/y2009p120-122nv.5no.3.html  

Connolly, F. F., & Gärling, T. (2023). The relationships between income, life satisfaction and emotional well-being in European countries differing in wealth. International Journal of Psychology, 58(6), 594-604. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12935  

Contreras, M., & Martinez, C. A. (2023). Perceived Financial Strain and its Effects on College Students’ Welfare. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb. edu/etd/1688  

Coskuner Aktas, S., & Çiçek, B. (2023). Financial Stress, Family, Marital, and Life Satisfaction of Turkish Families During Covid-19: What Did We Learn?. Journal of Family Issues, DOI:10.1177/0192513X231169558  

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (6th Edition). SAGE Publications. 

Daniel. (2022, June 22). What is student engagement? ViewSonic Library. https://www. viewsonic.com/library/education/what-is-student-engagement/ 

Danielle, R.A, Steven, A.M. and Rinad, S.B. (2016). The relationship between financial strain, perceive stress, psychological symptoms, and academic and social integration in undergraduate students. Journal of American College Health. 64(5). https://doi.org/ 10.1080/07448481.2016.1154559    

Daud, K. A. M., Khidzir, N. Z., Ismail, A. R., & Abdullah, F. A. (2018). Validity and reliability of instrument to measure social media skills among small and medium entrepreneurs at Pengkalan Datu River. International Journal of Development and sustainability, 7(3), 1026-1037.  

Doval, E., Viladrich, C., & Angulo-Brunet, A. (2023). Coefficient Alpha: The Resistance of a Classic. Psicothema, 35(1), 05-20. https://doi.org/10.7334/ psicothema2022.321 

Dulcio, P. R. (2023). Financial Wellness: Knowledge, Behavior & Happiness (Doctoral dissertation, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY).  

Eisele, P. (2019). The relationship between mental health and physical health in a non-clinical sample. International Journal of Health and Psychology Research, 7(2), 1-12.  

Elkins, M. R., Pinto, R. Z., Verhagen, A., Grygorowicz, M., Söderlund, A., Guemann, M., ... & Sheikh, U. (2022). Statistical inference through estimation: recommendations from the International Society of Physiotherapy Journal Editors. Physical Therapy, 102(6). doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2021.12.001. 

Fan, L., & Henager, R. (2022). A structural determinants framework for financial well-being. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 43(2), 415-428. doi: 10.1007/s10834-021-09798-w  

Febriyani, S., Suryani, A. O., & Sudarnoto, L. F. (2022). Penyusunan Alat Ukur Prososial Remaja. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 94-104. DOI : https://doi.org/10.29313/jrp.v2i2.1598  

Fekadu, A. A., Negassa, G. M., and Tegegne, M. A. (2019). The impact of parents’ socioeconomic status on academic performance of grade twelve students: In case of Dire Dawa city, Ethiopia. Int. J. Math. Stat. Stud. 7, 28–39.  

Fleming, J., & Zegwaard, K. E. (2018). Methodologies, methods and ethical considerations for conducting research in work-integrated learning. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 19(3), 205-213.  

Fosnacht, K., & Calderone, S. M. (2017). Undergraduate financial stress, financial self-efficacy, and major choice: A multi-institutional study. Journal of Financial Therapy, 8(1), 7. DOI:10.4148/1944-9771.1129  

Fosnacht, K., & Dong, Y. (2013, November). Financial stress and its impact on first-year  students' college experiences. Association for the Study of Higher Education Annual Conference.  

Fraser, J., Fahlman, D. W., Arscott, J., & Guillot, I. (2018). Pilot testing for feasibility in a study of student retention and attrition in online undergraduate programs. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(1).  

Free Malaysia Today. (2022, Mac 4). Lebih 17,000 pelajar universiti awam tak lanjut pengajian tahun lalu, kata Menteri. https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/bahasa/tempatan/2022/03/04/ lebih-17000-pelajar-universiti-tak-lanjut-pengajian-tahun-lalu-kata-menteri/  

French, D., & McKillop, D. (2017). The Impact of debt and financial stress on health in Northern Irish households. Journal Of European Social Policy, 458–473. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928717717657 

Gray, J. A., & DiLoreto, M. (2016). The effects of student engagement, student satisfaction, and perceived learning in online learning environments. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 11(1), n1.  

Grobbelaar, C., & Alsemgeest, L. (2016). The relationship between spousal communication and financial arguments and stress between young married 

couples. Journal of Social Sciences, 46(3), 271-281. DOI:10.1080/09718923.2016.11893535 

Guan, N., Guariglia, A., Moore, P., Xu, F., & Al-Janabi, H. (2022). Financial stress and depression in adults: A systematic review. PloS one, 17(2), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0264041  

Günüç, S., Yigit, E., Artun, H., & Okur, M. (2022). Examining the Relationships between Student Engagement, Campus Facilities, and Technology Integration among Elementary Teacher Candidates. In Elementary School Forum (Mimbar Sekolah Dasar) (Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 336-351). Indonesia University of Education. Jl. Mayor Abdurachman No. 211, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45322, Indonesia. DOI:10.53400/ mimbar-sd.v9i2.42884  

Halliday-Wynes, S., & Nguyen, N. (2014). Does financial stress impact on young people in tertiary study?. National Centre for Vocational Education Research.  

Harun, B. B., Hamid, M. A. A., & Aziz, N. A. A. (2021, Oktober 20-21). Impak Pandemik Covid-19 Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pensyarah [Pembentangan kertas kerja]. Prosiding Borneo National Conference 2021, Kolej Komuniti Tawau, Malaysia.  

Hasyim, A. S., Marzuki, H. F., & Razak, M. F. (2023). Factors affecting academic achievement of undergraduate students during Covid-19 pandemic (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan).  

Heckman, S., Lim, H., & Montalto, C. (2014). Factors Related to Financial Stress among College Students. Journal of Financial Therapy, 5 (1) 3. https://doi.org/10.4148/1944-9771.1063 

Hicks, S. (2021). Financial Stress in Undergraduate Students. Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies. 9867. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/ dissertations/9867    

Hoofman, K. (2021). Gender Differences in Somatic Symptoms and Sleep Problems: The Mediating Effects of Financial Stress (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno). https://scholarworks.unr.edu/handle/11714/7915  

Husin, N., Abdul Ghani, M., & Tonot, H. (2022). Aktiviti Fizikal dan Tahap Kesihatan Mental Semasa Pandemik Covid-19: Satu Tinjauan Awal: Physical Activity and Mental Health Levels during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Preliminary Review. Journal of Management and Muamalah , 12(2), 12 - 21.  

Iqbal, N., Nadeem, M., Perveen, A., Iqbal, S., & Malik, A. A. (2022). Financial Stress, Student's Positivity and their Academic Achievement: Mediating Role of Family Conflicts. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 37(3), 399-415. DOI:10. 33824/PJPR.2022.37.3.24  

Jamil, N. M., Sulaiman, N., Adznam, S. N. A., & Badari, S. A. Z. (2020). Financial problems associated with food insecurity among public university students in Peninsular Malaysia. Malays J Nutr, 26(3), 411-423. doi: https://doi.org/10.31246/mjn-2020-0032  

Jérémie Sublime (2022). Data Analysis, Lecture 1: Introduction to data analysis, Univariate statistics of variables and confidence intervals. Engineering school. France.  

Johnson B. & Christensen L. B. (2020). Educational research: quantitative qualitative and mixed approaches (Seventh Edition). SAGE Publications.   

Joo, S., D.B. Durband and J. Grable, 2008. The academic impact of financial stress on college students. Journal of College Student Retention, 10(3): 287-305. doi: 10.2190/CS.10.3.c  

Jufri, F. (2020). Pendampingan Sosial Kelompok Tani Nira Agung Sejahtera Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Sosial Petani Gula Kelapa di Desa Watuagung.  

Kadiyono, A. L., & Liyani, A. N. (2019). Finding the Gap: Student Stress and Student Engagement of First-Year Undergraduate Student from Overseas. In SU-AFBE 2018: Proceedings of the 1st Sampoerna University-AFBE International Conference, SU-AFBE 2018, 6-7 December 2018, Jakarta Indonesia (p. 80). European Alliance for Innovation. DOI:10.4108/eai.6-12-2018.2286291  

Kasal, S. (2023). What are the effects of financial stress on economic activity and government debt? An empirical examination in an emerging economy. Borsa Istanbul Review, 23 (1), 254–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.10.007  

Kelley, H. H., Lee, Y., LeBaron-Black, A., Dollahite, D. C., James, S., Marks, L. D., & Hall, T. (2023). Change in financial stress and relational wellbeing during COVID-19: Exacerbating and alleviating influences. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 44(1), 34-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-022-09822-7  

Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (2021). Kesejahteraan mental dan fizikal.  

Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi (2022). Statistik Pendidikan Tinggi 2022.  

Killingsworth, M. A., Kahneman, D., & Mellers, B. (2023). Income and emotional well-being: A conflict resolved. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(10). https:// doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2208661120  

Kim, S. W., Cho, H., & Kim, L. Y. (2019). Socioeconomic status and academic outcomes in developing countries: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 89(6), 875-916. DOI:10.3102/0034654319877155  

Komazawa, Y., Murayama, H., Harata, N., Takami, K., & Parady, G. T. (2021). Role of social support in the relationship between financial strain and frequency of exercise among older Japanese: A 19-year longitudinal study. Journal of Epidemiology, 31(4), 265-271. DOI: 10.2188/jea.JE20190248  

Kugbey, N., Osei-Boadi, S., & Atefoe, E. A. (2015). The Influence of Social Support on the Levels of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Students in Ghana. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(25), 135-140.  

Kumari, Khushbu & Yadav, Suniti. (2018). Linear regression analysis study. Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences. 4. 33.  DOI:10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_8_18 

Kung, C., Pudney, S., & Shields, M. (2021). Economic gradients in social health in Britain. IZA Discussion Paper No. 14731.  

Lajuni, N., Bujang, I., Karia, A. A., & Yacob, Y. (2017). The role of educators and the influence of financial behavior on personal financial distress among undergrad students of public universities in Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(06), 121-130.  

Langeland, E. (2014). Emotional Well-Being. DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_859 

Lee, J. Y., Volling, B. L., & Lee, S. J. (2021). Material hardship in families with low income: Positive effects of coparenting on fathers’ and mothers’ parenting and children’s prosocial behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729654    

Li, Y. (2022, July). How Social Support from University Help Students Cope with Post Traumatic Stress. In 2022 3rd International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2022) (pp. 779-783). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220704.141  

LibGuides at Duquesne University. (2023, Ogos 27). What are Research Instruments?. https:// guides.library.duq.edu/researchinstruments  

Lim, H., Heckman, S., Montalto, C. P., & Letkiewicz, J. (2014). Financial stress, self-efficacy, and financial help-seeking behavior of college students. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 25(2), 148-160.  

Magli, A. S., Sabri, M. F., Abdul Rahim, H., & Othman, M. A. (2021). Influence of financial behavior, financial stress and locus of control on financial well-being among B40 households in Selangor during the pandemic. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(12), 468-486. DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/ v11-i12/11792  

Mahdzan, N. S., Zainudin, R., Sukor, M. E. A., Zainir, F., & Wan Ahmad, W. M. (2019).  Determinants of subjective financial well-being across three different household income groups in Malaysia. Social Indicators Research, 146, 699-726. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11205-019-02138-4  

Makhbul, Z. K. M., Ibrahim, M. I. S., & Nipah, N. (2022). THE INFLUENCE OF ATTITUDE AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE TOWARDS HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT: SELF-EFFICACY AS MODERATOR. MOJEM: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Management, 10(1), 62-81.  

Malek, N. S. N., & Yusof, H. M. (2022). Psychological and Social Well-Being of the Urban Poor in Malaysia. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 12(9), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.55493/5007.v12i9.4580  

Margaret, K., Ngigi, S., & Mutisya, S. (2018). Sources of occupational stress and coping strategies among teachers in borstal institutions in Kenya. Edelweiss: Psychiatry Open Access, 2(1), 18-21. DOI:10.33805/2638-8073.111  

Maria, F., & Afandi, D. (2021). Analisis Pencapaian Prestasi Akademik Melalui Perilaku Manajemen Waktu: Analysis of Academic Achievement Through Time Management Behavior. EKOMABIS: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis, 2(01), 71 - 78. https://doi.org/10.37366/ekomabis.v2i01.125 

McGill, M. G., Purkey, E., Davison, C. M., Watson, A., & Bayoumi, I. (2022). Financial stress during COVID-19: implications for parenting behaviour and child well-being. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 6(1). doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001569  

Meja Rencana. (2023, September 27). Adakah 807 Mahasiswa UM Tidak Bernilai?. Utusan Malaysia. https://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/forum/2023/09/adakah-807-mahasiswa-um-tidak-bernilai/  

Michael, S., & Ambotang, A. S. (2020). Pengaruh Teknologi Digital Terhadap Penglibatan Pelajar dalam Aktiviti Kokurikulum Sekolah Menengah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(6), 25-32. DOI: 10.47405/mjssh.v5i6.417 

Mohamad, N. K., & Abdul Razak, A. Z. (2018). Kepimpinan sekolah dan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat dalam kalangan guru di Dungun, Terengganu. JuPiDi: Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(2), 45-63. https://jati.um.edu.my/index.php/ JUPIDI/article/view/11345  

Mohamed Ahmed Zaid. (2015). Correlation and Regression Analysis. Turkey: The Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC).  

Mohd Yusoff, M. S., dan Abdullah, N. A. (2021). Pengaruh pengalaman keusahawanan terhadap kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar jurusan perakaunan Kolej Matrikulasi Perak. Jurnal Penyelidikan Dedikasi, 13, 1-23. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jd/article/view/12180   

Moore, A., Nguyen, A., Rivas, S., Bany-Mohammed, A., Majeika, J., & Martinez, L. (2021). A qualitative examination of the impacts of financial stress on college students’ well-being: Insights from a large, private institution. SAGE Open Medicine, 9, DOI:10. 1177/20503121211018122 

Muhammad, N. M., & Schneider, M. (2021). The role of EdTech in enhancing learners’ motivation. Selangor Science &Technology Review, Special Issue: Science and Technology for Society, 5(5), 73-77.  

Muhiddin Ishak & Dr. Saiful Effendi Syafruddin. (2021). Tekanan Di Tempat Kerja. UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute. https://www.ukm.my/umbi/news/tekanan-di-tempat-kerja/  

Munir, J., Faiza, M., Jamal, B., Daud, S., & Iqbal, K. (2023). The Impact of Socio-economic Status on Academic Achievement. Journal of Social Sciences Review, 3(2), 695-705. DOI:10.54183/jssr.v3i2.308  

Nayak, M. S. D. P., & Narayan, K. A. (2019). Strengths and weaknesses of online surveys. technology, 6(7). DOI: 10.9790/0837-2405053138.  

Negoescu, A. G., & Mitrulescu, C. M. (2023). Using Technology to Increase Students’ Motivation for Learning a Foreign Language. In International Conference Knowledge-Based Organization (Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 210-214). DOI:10.2478/kbo-2023-0059  

Nja, C. O., Neji, H. A., Orim, R. E., Ukwetang, J. O., Ideba, M. A., Cornelius-Ukpepi, B., & Ndifon, R. A. (2022, September). The socio-economic rank of parents and 

students’ academic and cognitive outcomes: examining the physical, psychological and social mediators. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 7, p. 938078). doi:10.3389/feduc.2022. 93 8078   

Norain Mad Asri, Norlaila Abu Bakar, Iman Athira Laili & Suhaila Saad. (2017). Status Kewangan Dan Tekanan Dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa, Jurnal Pengguna Malaysia, 5, 63-83.  

Norazlan, N., Yusuf, S., & Al-Majdhoub, F.M.H. (2020). The financial problems and academic performance among public university students in Malaysia. The Asian Journal of Professional and Business Studies, Volume 1(2).  

Nurbaya, S., & Akbarina, F. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Diri Terhadap Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Administrasi Niaga Politeknik Negeri Malang. Jurnal Administrasi dan Bisnis, 14(1), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.33795/ adbis. v14i1.1913  

Nurul Suhaidi (2022, April 29). 85% Malaysian students prefer shorter university time due financial concern. The Malaysian Reserve. https://themalaysianreserve.com/2022/04/ 29/85-malaysian-students-prefer-shorter-university-time-due-financial-concern/  

Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017). The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis. Social science & medicine, 195, 42-49. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.008 

O’Loughlin, R., Hiscock, H., Pan, T., Devlin, N., & Dalziel, K. (2022). The relationship between physical and mental health multimorbidity and children’s health-related quality of life. Quality of Life Research, 31(7), 2119-2131. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03095-1 

Omar, N. E. (2009). Kesejahteraan psikologi dalam kalangan pelajar IPTS. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Latihan, 1(2), 1-11.  

Omar Ali, S. R., Ajit, N., Mohd Said, N. S., Mat, K. A., & Abdullah, N. (2021). Stressors and academic performance among part-time students in a public university in Malaysia. Voice of Academia (VOA), 17(2), 50-61. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/ 50 004  

Ong, M. H. A., & Puteh, F. (2017). Quantitative data analysis: Choosing between SPSS, PLS, and AMOS in social science research. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Scientific Research, 3(1), 14-25.  

Perinetti, Giuseppe. (2019). StaTips Part VI: Bivariate correlation. South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research. 6. 2-5. DOI:10.5937/sejodr6-21664 

Pintye, A., & Kiss, M. (2016). Financial literacy of students in business and economics higher education. The Annals of the University of Oradea: Economic Sciences, 25(1), 781-789. https://ideas.repec.org/a/ora/journl/v1y2016i1p781-789.html  

Poplaski, S., Kemnitz, R., & Robb, C. A. (2019). Investing in education: Impact of student financial stress on self-reported health. Journal of Student Financial Aid, 48(2), 3. https://doi.org/10.55504/0884-9153.1611  

Prendergast, Mark & Ní Dhuinn, Melanie & Loxley, Andrew. (2021). “I worry about money every day”: The financial stress of second-level initial teacher education in Ireland. Issues in Educational Research. 31. 586.  

Priya, A., Dandotiya, D., Toppo, M., Melwani, V., Dohare, P., Khan, A., & Sethia, S. (2017). Effect of skipping breakfast on young girls’ menstruation. Indian Journal of Youth and Adolescent Health, 4(3), 17-20. https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880.201720   

Rafinda, A., & Gal, T. (2020). Financial Literacy of Economics and non-Economics Student. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 86, p. 01018). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208601018  

Rahman, M., Isa, C.R., Masud, M.M. et al. (2021). The role of financial behaviour, financial literacy, and financial stress in explaining the financial well-being of B40 group in Malaysia. Futur Bus J 7, 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00099-0  

Rahman, M. M., Tabash, M. I., Salamzadeh, A., Abduli, S., & Rahaman, M. S. (2022). Sampling techniques (probability) for quantitative social science researchers: a conceptual guidelines with examples. Seeu Review, 17(1), 42-51. DOI:10.2478/seeur-2022-0023  

Robb, C.A., B. Moody and M. Abdel-Ghany, 2011. College student persistence to degree: The burden of debt. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 13(4): 431-456. doi: 10.2190/CS.13.4.b 

Rodrigues, M., Silva, R., & Franco, M. (2023). COVID-19: Financial stress and well-being in families. Journal of Family Issues, 44(5), 1254-1275. DOI:10.1177/0192513X211057 009  

Rose, N. N., & Mustafa, M. Y. (2018). Tekanan dalam kalangan Wanita Bekerja: Khidmat Bantu Kaunseling Menggunakan Konsep Teori Tekanan Lazarus dan Praktis Terapi Berfokus Solusi. Asian Social Work Journal, 3(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.47405/aswj. v3i1.30 

Ryu, S., & Fan, L. (2023). The relationship between financial worries and psychological distress among US adults. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 44(1), 16-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-022-09820-9  

Saadeh, M., Welmer, A. K., Dekhtyar, S., Fratiglioni, L., & Calderón-Larrañaga, A. (2020). The role of psychological and social well-being on physical function trajectories in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 75(8), 1579-1585. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/gerona/glaa114  

Sahrahil Mohd Nor & Zolkepeli Haron. (2023). Instrumen Literasi Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah Guru Sekolah Berdasarkan Konteks Pendidikan di Malaysia: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik (SLR). Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(4), e002261. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i4.2261  

Salleh, M., Khairani, M. Z., & Rafee, Y. M. (2023). Validity and Reliability of a Needs Analysis Questionnaire Instrument for The Development of DiD-Art Applications for Drawing Art in Secondary Schools: Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen Soal Selidik Analisis Keperluan Pembangunan Aplikasi DiD-ART Untuk Seni Lukisan di Sekolah Menengah. KUPAS SENI, 11(1), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.37134/kupasseni.vol11.1.3. 2023  

Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., Goldfield, G. S., & Chaput, J. P. (2022). Problem Technology Use, Academic Performance, and School Connectedness among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2337. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042337  

Sawang, S., O'Connor, P. J., & Ali, M. (2017). IEngage: Using technology to enhance students' engagement in a large classroom. Journal of Learning Design, 10(1), 11-19. DOI:10. 5204/jld.v9i3.292  

Selian, S. N., Hutagalung, F. D., & Rosli, N. A. (2020). Pengaruh stres akademik, daya tindak dan adaptasi sosial budaya terhadap kesejahteraan psikologi pelajar universiti. JuPiDi: Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 7(2), 36-57. https://ajap.um.edu.my/index.php/ JUPIDI/article/view/23859  

Shukla, Satishprakash. (2020). Concept of Population and Sample.   

Simonse, O., Van Dijk, W. W., Van Dillen, L. F., & Van Dijk, E. (2022). The role of financial stress in mental health changes during COVID-19. npj Mental Health Research, 1(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-022-00016-5 

Skinner, M. A., Zautra, A. J., & Reich, J. W. (2004). Financial stress predictors and the emotional and physical health of chronic pain patients. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28, 695-713. DOI:10.1023/B:COTR.0000045572.33750.6c  

Steptoe, A., Emch, S., & Hamer, M. (2020). Associations between financial strain and emotional well-being with physiological responses to acute mental stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 82(9), 830-837. DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000867  

Stuart, H., Hanna, L., and Catherine, M. (2014). Factor Related to Financial Stress among College Students. Journal of Financial Therapy. Vol 5(1). DOI:10.4148/1944-9771. 10 63 

Sundram, S., & Romli, N. (2023). A Pilot Study to Test the Reliability and Validity of The Research Instrument. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(3), e002149-e002149. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i3.2149  

Surianshah, S., Hassan, S., & Jamin, N. A. S. (2022, December). Technology and Student Motivation in Online Learning Based on Socioeconomic Background. In International Conference on Mathematical Sciences and Statistics 2022 (ICMSS 2022) (pp. 456-465). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-014-5_39  

Sürücü, Lütfi & Maslakci, Ahmet. (2020). Validity and Reliability in Quantitative Research. 8. 2694-2726.DOI:10.15295/bmij.v8i3.1540  

Taherdoost, H. (2021). Data Collection Methods and Tools for Research; A Step-by-Step Guide to Choose Data Collection Technique for Academic and Business Research Projects. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 10(1), 10-38.  

Tambunan, D. M., Nurjanah, N., Rahmayanti, S. D., Imelisa, R., & Abdullah, B. F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental and emotional wellbeing among children: A systematic review. Malaysian Journal of Medical Research (MJMR), 5(3), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjmr.2021.v05i03.003  

Tekin, E. G. (2021). An investigation of psychological well-being, emotional intelligence and social well-being levels of university students. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 11(63), 567-575. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1051414  

Tesfaw, A. A., & Yitayih, T. T. (2018). A study on financial stress and coping strategies among students in Rift Valley University, Ethiopia. Humanity & Social Sciences Journal, 13(1), 1-10. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.hssj.2018.01.10   

Thakur, Harish. (2021). Research Design.  

Tran, A. G., Lam, C. K., & Legg, E. (2018). Financial stress, social supports, gender, and anxiety during college: A stress-buffering perspective. The Counseling Psychologist, 46(7), 846-869. DOI:10.1177/0011000018806687  

Udayakumar, K., Rajendran, S., & Rani, A. S. (2022). Socio-economic Status Impact on Academic Performance of Higher Secondary Students –A Regression Analysis. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5612-5626.  

Usman, M., & Banu, A. (2019). A study on impact of financial stress on students’ academics. J. Bus. Econ. Policy, 6, 58-64. DOI:10.30845/jbep.v6n1p7  

Vadivel, B., Alam, S., Nikpoo, I., & Ajanil, B. (2023). The Impact of Low Socioeconomic Background on a Child’s Educational Achievements. Education Research International, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6565088  

Vaughn, N. A. (2013). The relationship between financial stress and academic and social functioning of undergraduate residential college women. Masters Thesis, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses/612  

Wahyuni, S. F., & Dahlia, D. (2020). Hubungan Antara Efikasi Diri Akademik Dengan Prestasi Akademik Pada Siswa Sma Di Banda Aceh. Seurune: Jurnal Psikologi Unsyiah, 3(2), 80-100. 10.24815/s-jpu.v3i2.17612.  

Walters, W. H. (2021). Survey design, sampling, and significance testing: Key issues. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2021.10234 

Wild, H., Baek, Y., Shah, S., Gasevic, D., & Owen, A. (2023). The socioecological correlates of meal skipping in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, 81(2), 168-179. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuac050 

Witherspoon, D. R. (2017). The effects of financial strain on health, morale, and social functioning. Kansas State University. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38206  

World Health Organization. (2023, June 24). Ensuring ethical standards and procedures for research with human beings. https://www.who.int/activities/ensuring-ethical-standardsand-procedures-for-research-with-human-being 

Yahoo News (2021, Ogos 8). Study shows financial stress up 35pc in Malaysia since Covid-19 hit. https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/study-shows-financial-stress-35pc-032213636.html  

Yang, H., & Ma, J. (2020). How an epidemic outbreak impacts happiness: Factors that worsen (vs. protect) emotional well-being during the coronavirus pandemic. Psychiatry research, 289, 113045. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020. 113045  

Yang, H., & Ma, J. (2021). Relationship between wealth and emotional well-being before, during, versus after a nationwide disease outbreak: A large-scale investigation of disparities in psychological vulnerability across COVID-19 pandemic phases in China. BMJ open, 11(6). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044262  

Yang L (2022) Nexus Between Financial Events and Emotional Exhaustion: Mediating Roles of Deliberate Thinking and Negative Interpersonal Events. Front. Psychol. 13:840701. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.840701  

Yin Yin, K., Yusof, R., & Abe, Y. (2022). Integrating financial literacy into economics courses through digital tools: the Finlite app. Journal of International Education in Business, 15(2), 331-350. DOI: 10.1108/JIEB-06-2021-0068   

Young, Tony. (2015). Questionnaires and Surveys. DOI:10.1002/9781119166283.ch11  

Yunus, F. A. N., Suki, N. A., Abd Baser, J., Masran, S. H., Marian, M. F., & Rahim, M. B. (2017). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen kompetensi pengajar TVET terhadap pengajaran teknikal berdasarkan pendekatan model Rasch. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 2(2). https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/oj-tp/article/view/47 80  

Zhang, F., Jiang, Y., Ming, H., Yang, C., & Huang, S. (2020). Family socioeconomic status and adolescents’ academic achievement: The moderating roles of subjective social mobility and attention. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 1821-1834. DOI: 10.1007/ s10964-020-01287-x 

Zhang, Y., & Chatterjee, S. (2023). Financial Well-Being in the United States: The Roles of Financial Literacy and Financial Stress. Sustainability, 15(5), 4505. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/su15054505 

Ziskin, M., Fischer, M. A., Torres, V., Pellicciotti, B., & Player-Sanders, J. (2014). Working students’ perceptions of paying for college: Understanding the connections between financial aid and work. The Review of Higher Education, 37, 429–467. DOI:10.1353/ rhe.2014.0028