charya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P., & Nigam, A. (2013). Sampling: why and 

how of it? Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 4(2). 

https://doi.org/10.7713/ijms.2013.0032 

 

Adi, S., & Fathoni, A. F. (2019). Development of Learning Model Based on Blended 

Learning in Sports School. In 5th International Conference on Physical 

Education, Sport, and Health (ACPES 19) (ms. 8-12). Atlantis Press. 

 

Ahmad Hanis Azman & Azmanirah Ab Rahman. (2022). Pembangunan E-Modul 

Pembelajaran Asas Ni Multisim. Research and Innovation in Technical and 

Vocational Education and Training, 2(2), 086-098. 

 

Ahmad Rafaai Ayudin & Suffian Jalet. (2022). Pembinaan Model RIS (2021) Untuk 

Pembangunan Modul Penataran Dan Bimbingan Sejarah KSSM: 

Mengupayakan Fungsional Keenam IAB. ICELAM, 2(2-12), 420-439. 

 

Ahmad Zamzuri Mohamad Ali. (2012). Pembelajaran berasaskan web: isu dan trend 

(Edisi pertama). Tanjung Malim, Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Al Awamleh, A. (2020). Students satisfaction on blended learning in the school of 

sport sciences. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 8(1), 0-0. 

https://doi.org/10.29252/AASSJOURNAL.803 

 

Alsalhi, N. R., Eltahir, M. E., & Al-Qatawneh, S. S. (2019). The effect of blended 

learning on the achievement of ninth grade students in science and their 

attitudes towards its use. Heliyon, 5(9), e02424. 

https://doi.org/10.2991/acpes-19.2019.2 

 

Alyoussef, I. Y. (2021). Factors Influencing Students’ Acceptance of M-Learning in 

Higher Education: An Application and Extension of the UTAUT 

Model. Electronics, 10(24), 3171. 

https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243171 

 

Amir Hamzah Sharaai. (2017). Nota Statistik dan SPSS Bahagian Satu. Universiti 

Putra Malaysia. 

 

Ariantesa, B., Wahyuri, A. S., Bafirman, H. B., & Damrah, D. (2022). E-Module 

Development of Physical Education Subjects for Sports and Health on 

Physical Fitness Materials for Class VII Junior High School 

Students. International Journal of Education and Literature, 1(2), 37-43. 

https://ijel.amikveteran.ac.id/index.php/ijel/index 

 

Aziz, R., & Prasetya, S. P. (2018). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Maket 3D 

Geo grafi Pada Materi Lipatan dan Patahan Pengembangan Media 

Pembelajaran Maket 3D Pada Materi Lipatan dan Patahan. Swara 

Bhumi, 5(9). 

 

Baharom Mohamad & Iliyas Hashim. (2010). Gaya pengajaran & pembelajaran. 

PTS Professional Publishing. 

 

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral 

change. Psychological review, 84(2), 191. 

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191 

 

Belazi, N., & Ganapathy, M. (2021). The Effects of the Station Rotation Model in 

Promoting Libyan Students’ EFL Writing: Blended Learning. AJELP: Asian 

Journal of Eng-Lish Language and Pedagogy, 9(1), 111–127. 

https://doi.org/10.37134/ajelp.vol9.1.10.2021 

 

Berga, K. A., Vadnais, E., Nelson, J., Johnston, S., Buro, K., Hu, R., & Olaiya, B. 

(2021). Blended learning versus face-to-face learning in an undergraduate 

nursing health assessment course: A quasi-experimental study. Nurse 

Education Today, 96, 104622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104622 

 

Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (2006). Research in Education (10th ed.). Pearson 

Education 

 

Bing, W. A., & Khairul Azhar Jamaludin. (2021). Pembelajaran dalam talian (e-

pembelajaran) semasa pandemik covid-19. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 3(3), 

408-414. http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd408 

 

Boon, P. Y., Lee, L. H., & Aeria, L. A. (2017). Pentaksiran Dalam Pendidikan. 

Oxford Fajar Sdn Bhd. 

 

Browne, R. H. (1995). On the use of a pilot sample for sample size determination. 

Statistics in Medicine, 14(17). https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780141709 

 

Buku Panduan Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesihatan. (2019). Buku Panduan 

Pendidikan Jasmani dan Pendidikan Kesihatan (PJPK). Putrajaya: 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Carman, J. M. (2005). Blended learning design: Five key ingredients. Agilant 

Learning, 1(11), 1-10. 

 

Cheung, P. (2020). Teachers as role models for physical activity: Are preschool 

children more active when their teachers are active? European Physical 

Education Review, 26(1), 101-110. 

https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X19835240 

 

Chew, F. P., Shanmugama, R., & Ramasamy, M. (2021). Pembinaan, Pelaksanaan 

dan Kesan Modul Tatabahasa Bahasa Tamil Berpandukan Teori 

Interaksional, Teori Konstruktivisme dan Strategi Dekonstruktivisme dalam 

Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan Empat. Issues in Language Studies, 10(1), 151-

171. https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2580.2021 

 

Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah Penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw-Hill. 

 

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research Methods in Education (8th 

ed.). Routledge. 

 

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design (5th ed.). SAGE 

Publication. 

 

Dakhi, O., Jama, J., Irfan, D., Ambiyar & Ishak. (2020). Blended learning: a 21st 

century learning model at college. International Journal Of Multi 

Science, 1(08), 50-65. 

 

Dick, W., & Carey, L. (1996). The systematic design of instruction (4th Ed.). New 

York: Harper Collins. 

 

Erdim, L., Ergün, A., & Kuğuoğlu, S. (2019). Reliability and validity of the turkish 

version of the physical activity questionnaire for older children (Paq-c). 

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 49(1), 162–169. 

https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1806-212 

 

Farid Helmi Mohamad Noor. (2019). Penerimaan dan penggunaan “Blended 

learning” dalam kalangan guru sekolah rendah (Tesis). Tanjung Malim, 

Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Fatimah Abdul Rashi & Hasmadi Hassan. (2019). Analisis Perbezaan Tahap 

Kesediaan Guru Terhadap 1Bestarinet dari Aspek Jantina, Bangsa dan Usia. 

International Journal of Humanities Technology and Civilization (IJHTC), 

1, 31-39. 

 

Fazal, M., & Bryant, M. (2019). Blended learning in middle school math: The 

question of effectiveness. Journal of Online Learning Research, 5(1), 49-64. 

https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/183899/ 

 

Fernandez-Rivas, M., & Espada-Mateos, M. (2019). The knowledge, continuing 

education and use of teaching styles in Physical Education teachers. Journal 

of Human Sport and Exercise. 2019, 14(1), 99-111. 

https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2019.141.08 

 

Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. 

 

Ghazali Darusalam & Sufean Hussin. (2021). Metodologi penyelidikan dalam 

pendidikan: amalan dan analisis kajian (3rd ed.). Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit 

Universiti Malaya. 

 

Gudmundsdottir, G. B., & Brock‐Utne, B. (2010). An exploration of the importance 

of piloting and access as action research. Educational Action 

Research, 18(3), 359-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2010.499815 

 

Guilford, J. P., & Fruchter, B. (1982). Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and 

Education. McGraw-Hill. 

 

Guney, Z. (2019). Visual literacy and visualization in instructional design and 

technology for learning environments. European Journal of Contemporary 

Education, 8(1), 103-117. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2019.1.103 

 

Hale, J. (2014). The relationship between body mass index, fitness, self-efficacy and 

their prediction on criterion referenced competency test scores for eighth 

grade students. Liberty University. 

 

Huy, C., Luong, N., & Vu, N. (2020). European Journal of Physical Education and 

Sport Science Blended Learning In Badminton Training for Profesionals: 

Students’ Perceptions and Performance Impacts. European Journal of 

Physical Education and Sport Science, 6(6), 28–36. 

https://doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v6i6.3226 

 

Horn, M. B., & Staker, H. (2011). The rise of K-12 blended learning. Innosight 

institute, 5(1), 1-17. 

 

Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2022). Kenyataan Media Penggunaan dan Capaian 

ICT oleh Individu dan Isi Rumah 2021. Diakses daripada www.dosm.gov.my 

 

Johanson, G. A., & Brooks, G. P. (2010). Initial scale development: Sample size for 

pilot studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(3). 

https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164409355692 

 

Juhary, J. (2019). Perceptions of students: Blended learning for IR4.0. International 

Journal of Information and Education Technology, 9(12), 887-892. 

https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2019.9.12.1322 

 

Julismah Jani, Norkhalid Salimin, Mohd Izwan Shahril & Syed Kamaruzaman Syed 

Ali. (2014). Model-model Pentaksiran dalam Pendidikan Jasmani (1st ed.). 

Tanjung Malim, Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Juslimah Jani. (2008). Ilmu konten pedagogi dengan pelaksanaan pengajaran guru 

dalam pendidikan jasmani di Sekolah Menengah Malaysia-Indonesia. 

Tanjung Malim, Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Juslimah Jani. (2008). Model Jay dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan 

Jasmani. Tanjung Malim, Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Kalyani, V., & Murugan, K. R. (2021). Innovative Methods and Practices In 

Conventional Teaching Methods Sustainable Developmet View project. 

Psychology and Education, 58(2), 9004-9007. 

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350487211 

 

Kamarudin Husin. (2010). Psikologi Pembelajaran. Utusan Publication Kuala 

Lumpur. 

 

Kang, H. Y., & Kim, H. R. (2021). Impact of blended learning on learning outcomes 

in the public healthcare education course: a review of flipped classroom with 

team-based learning. BMC Medical Education, 21(1), 1-8 

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02508-y 

 

Kannapiran, G. (2019). Mereka bentuk modul pengajaran huruf Tamil “Uyir Eluthu” 

bagi pembelajaran bahasa Tamil di prasekolah. Tanjung Malim, Perak: 

Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris 

 

Kastrena, E., Setiawan, E., & Adawiyah, A. (2020). Moving from Traditional 

Teaching to Blended Learning in the Teaching and Learning of Sports Test 

and Measurement Course to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes. The 2nd 

International Conference and Innovation Exhibiti on Global Education, 146–

151. https://doi.org/10.22236/ie.v1i1.109 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2021). Garis Panduan Pengurusan dan 

Pengoperasian Sekolah 3.0. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan 

Malaysia 2013-2025. Diakses daripada www.moe.gov.my 

 

Khan, B. H. (2017). E-learning: Open Environment (1st ed.). Karisma Productions 

Sdn. Bhd. 

 

Krishnan, S. K. (2018). Keberkesanan Pembelajaran Teradun Terhadap Kesediaan 

Pembelajaran Terarah Kendiri dan Pencapaian Murid Dalam Subjek 

Ekonomi Asas. Universiti Sains Malaysia. 

 

Lau, X. C., Wong, Y. L., Wong, J. E., Koh, D., Sedek, R., Jamil, A. T., Ng, A. L. O., 

Hazizi, A. S., Ruzita, A. T., & Poh, B. K. (2019). Development and 

Validation of a Physical Activity Educational Module for Overweight and 

Obese Adolescents: CERGAS Programme. International Journal of 

Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(9). 

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091506 

 

Lefrancois, G. R. (2019). Theories of human learning (7th ed.). Cambridge 

University Press. 

 

Legrain, P., Escalié, G., Lafont, L., & Chaliès, S. (2019). Cooperative learning: a 

relevant instructional model for physical education pre-service teacher 

training? Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 24(1), 73–86. 

https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2018.1561838 

 

Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2014). Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. Putrajaya: 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Lialoura Long Roslee, Norwaliza Abdul Wahab & Nordina Alia Nordin. (2021). 

Membina Modul Mudah Membaca MOA Bagi Meningkatkan Kemahiran 

Membaca Murid Orang Asli. Asian Pendidikan, 1(2), 1-10. 

https://doi.org/10.53797/aspen.v1i2.1.2021 

 

Lin, Y. N., Hsia, L. H., Sung, M. Y., & Hwang, G. H. (2019). Effects of integrating 

mobile technology-assisted peer assessment into flipped learning on 

students’ dance skills and self-efficacy. Interactive Learning Environments, 

27(8). https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1461115 

 

Lucena, F. J. H., Belmonte, J. L., Cabrera, A. F., Torres, J. M. T., & Sánchez, S. P. 

(2020). Academic effects of the use of flipped learning in physical 

education. International journal of environmental research and public 

health, 17(1), 276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010276 

 

Madrazo, A. L., & Dio, R. V. (2020). Contextualized learning modules in bridging 

students’ learning gaps in calculus with analytic geometry through 

independent learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(3), 457-476. 

https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.3.12456.457-476 

 

Malmqvist, J., Hellberg, K., Möllås, G., Rose, R., & Shevlin, M. (2019). Conducting 

the Pilot Study: A Neglected Part of the Research Process? Methodological 

Findings Supporting the Importance of Piloting in Qualitative Research 

Studies. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18. 

https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919878341 

 

Margolis, A. A. (2020). Zone of Proximal Development, Scaffolding and Teaching 

Practice. Cultural-Historical Psychology, 16(3), 15-26. 

https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2020160303 

 

Marzni Mohamed Mokhtar, Rohizani Yaakub & Fadzilah Amzah. (2018). Cabaran 

Guru Bahasa Melayu dalam Usaha Menerapkan Kemahiran Berfikir Aras 

tinggi (KBAT) dalam Pembelajaran dan Pemudahcaraan (PDPC) Penulisan 

Karangan Argumentatif. Malaysian Online Journal of Education, 2(2), 7–14. 

http://dx.doi.org/10.53840/attarbawiy.v2i2.72 

 

Mazarul Hasan Mohamad Hanapi & Norazimah Zakaria. (2019). Pemikiran Aras 

Tinggi (KBAT) dalam Bahan Multimedia Untuk Pengajaran Bahasa Melayu. 

Proceeding: International Conference on Humanities, Education and Society 

(ICHES 2019), 408–418. 

 

Mazlina Mamat, Hatinah Abu Bakar, Muhammad Faizal Samat & Mariam Setapa. 

(2021). Personality traits and entrepreneurial intention: mediating effect of 

educational support in public higher education. Asia-Pacific Management 

Accounting Journal (APMAJ), 16(2), 159-177. 

https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/3025 

 

McBrien, J. L., & Brandt, R. S. (1997). The Language of Learning: A Guide to 

Education Terms. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (ED408713) 

 

Mills, G. E., & Gay, L. R. (2016). Education research: Competencies for analysis 

and applications. London, England: Pearson Education. 

 

Miriani Paidal & Roslee Talip. (2022). Kesediaan Murid Generasi-Z di SMK Badin 

Tuaran dalam Pembelajaran Teradun Bahasa Melayu dalam Era Covid-19. 

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(3), 

e001352. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i3.1352 

 

Mohamed Nazul Ismail. (2020). Cabaran Kepimpinan Dalam Pengurusan 

Pembelajaran Digital. Jurnal Refleksi Kepemimpinan, 3, 20-24. 

 

Mohammad Taufiq Abdul Ghani, Wan Ab Aziz Wan Daud & Mohammad Najib 

Jaffar. (2019). Penerimaan pelajar kursus bahasa arab di universiti malaysia 

kelantan terhadap pembelajaran teradun berteraskan model penerimaan 

teknologi (TAM). Asian People Journal (APJ), 2(1), 84-94. 

https://journal.unisza.edu.my/apj/index.php/apj/article/view/109 

 

Mohd Azli Yeop. (2016). Pembelajaran Teradun: Satu tinjauan literatur terhadap 

faktor-faktor penerimaan guru melalui model-model penerimaan. Journal of 

Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education, 6(1), 67-

85. https://ojs.upsi.edu.my/index.php/JRPPTTE/article/view/213 

 

Mohd Fuad Berawi. (2017). Metodologi Pendidikan Panduan Menulis Tesis (1st ed.). 

Sintok, Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia. 

 

Mohd Izwan Shahril. (2017). Keberkesanan instrumen pentaksiran pembelajaran 

(IPP) berasaskan teaching games for understanding (TGfU) bagi permainan 

badminton (Tesis Doktor Falsafah). Tanjung Malim, Perak: Universiti 

Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Mohd Majid Konting. (2009). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: 

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka 

 

Mohd Zulhasnan Mat, Fadli Bacho & Sharifuddin Rapin. (2019). Kesediaan pelajar 

dalam M-Pembelajaran bagi pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Kolej Komuniti 

Tawau, Sabah. Politeknik & Kolej Komuniti Journal of Life Long 

Learning, 3(1), 103-112. 

 

Mok, S. S. (2010). Psikologi pendidikan untuk pengajaran & pembelajaran. 

Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd. 

 

Mok, S. S. (2012). Pengurusan Bilik Darjah dan Tingkah Laku (Edisi ke-3). 

Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn Bhd. 

 

Mosston, M., & Ashworth, S. (1994). Teaching Physical Education (4th ed.). 

Macmillan College Publishing Company. 

 

Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff. (2019). ABC of Content Validation and Content 

Validity Index Calculation. Education in Medicine Journal, 11(2), 49–54. 

https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6 

 

Muhammad Nidzam Yaakob, Ahmad Sobri Shuib, Nurahimah Mohd Yusoff & 

Shamshul Bahar Yaakob. (2019). Pembangunan Model m-Pembelajaran 

untuk Kursus Teknologi dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran IPG: Satu 

Analisis Keperluan. Practitioner Research, 1, 87-110. 

https://doi.org/10.32890/pr2019.1.5 

 

Mulya, G., & Lengkana, A. S. (2020). Pengaruh kepercayaan diri, motivasi belajar 

terhadap prestasi belajar pendidikan jasmani. COMPETITOR: Jurnal 

Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga, 12(2). 

https://doi.org/10.26858/cjpko.v12i2.13781 

 

Mylsidayu, A., Tangkudung, J., Hanif, S., Bujang, B., & Abidin, D. (2019). Children 

Circuit Model for Kids Physical Activity Based Blended Learning. 

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(5) 1473–

1479. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.E1217.0585C19 

 

Najihah Abd Wahid, Ismail Nor Asmawati Ismail & Norsuhada Mat Hasan. (2019). 

Meningkatkan efikasi kendiri guru di Malaysia terhadap kecenderungan 

pembelajaran generasi Z dan Alpha. Journal of Management and Operation 

Research, 1(13), 1-8. 

 

Needham, N. R. (1987). Thomas Erskine of Linlathen: his life and theology 1788-

1837. Annexe Thesis Digitisation Project 2018 Block 19. 

 

Nor Saadah Azahari & Nik Mohd Rahimi. (2022). Amalan Pembelajaran Teradun 

Sebagai Satu Pendekatan Pembelajaran Norma Baharu. Jurnal Dunia 

Pendidikan, 4(1), 186-196. 

https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd/article/view/17454 

 

Noraini Idris. (2013). Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidkan (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill 

Education Sdn Bhd. 

 

Norazlin Mohd Rusdin & Siti Rahaimah Ali. (2018). Implementation of 21st century 

learning and the challenges. In Proceedings of the 3rd UUM International 

Qualitative Research Conference (QRC) (ms. 66-73). 

 

Nugraha, D. M. D. P. (2020). Integrasi Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Penerapan 

Blended Learning Di Sekolah Dasar. Cetta Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(3). 

http://jayapanguspress.penerbit.org/index.php/cetta 

 

Nugraha, D. M. D. P. (2021). Station Rotation Type Blended Learning Model 

Against Critical Thinking Ability of Fourth Grade Students. Journal of 

Education Technology, 4(4), 516-523. 

https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v4i4.29690 

 

Nurulhuda Abd. Rahman, Siti Shamsiah Sani & Sadiah Baharom (Pnyt.). (2022). 

Mudahnya Sains & Matematik denga Pembelajaran Teradun (Edisi 

pertama). Tanjung Malim, Perak: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Nur Aisyah Kamaluddin & Hazrati Husnin. (2022). Penggunaan Teknologi 

Maklumat Dan Komunikasi (TMK) Dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Dunia 

Pendidikan, 4(2), 333-334. https://doi.org/10.55057/jdpd.2022.4.2.29 

 

Nur Syakirah Azizan & Muhammad Saiful Haq Hussin. (2017). Penguasaan Asas 

Membaca Bahasa Melayu Melalui Program LINUS di Utara Semenanjung. 

Jurnal Pengajian Melayu, 28(1), 135-163. 

 

Nurasma Shamsuddin & Kaur, J. (2020). Students’ learning style and its effect on 

blended learning, does it matter? International Journal of Evaluation and 

Research in Education, 9(1), 195-202. 

https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i1.20422 

 

Nurkamto, J., Mujiyanto, J., & Yuliasri, I. (2019). The Implementation of Station 

Rotation and Flipped Classroom Models of Blended Learning in EFL 

Learning. English Language Teaching, 12(12), 23-29. 

https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n12p23 

 

Nurul Ain Hasan, Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusoff & Fariza Khalid. (2022). Kaedah 

Pentaksiran Bagi Kemahiran Lisan Dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Arab Sekolah 

Rendah. International Journal of Advanced Research in Islamic Studies and 

Education, 2(4), 85-105. 

 

Nurul Hafizah Masni. (2017). Pembinaan modul pembelajaran teradun nutrisi di 

hujung jari dan kesannya terhadap pencapaian pelajar. Tanjung Malim, 

Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris 

 

Pang, V., & Lajium, D. (2014). Penilaian dalam Pendidikan (3rd ed.). Percetakan 

Keningau 

 

Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan 

Malaysia 2013-2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Piaget, J. (1970). Science of education and the psychology of the child. Trans. D. 

Coltman. Orion. 

 

Piaget, J. (1976). Need and significance of cross-cultural studies in genetic 

psychology (pp. 259-268). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 

 

Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Focus on research methods: Is the 

CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and 

recommendations. Research in Nursing and Health, 30(4). 

https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20199 

 

Purwanto, A., Nurjayadi, M., Suluya, R., & Ichsan, I. Z. (2020). EM-SETS: An 

Integrated e-module of Environmental Education and Technology in Natural 

Science Learning. International Journal of Advanced Science and 

Technology, 29(3), 7014-7025. 

 

Rachmawati, N., Muhyi, M., Wiyarno, Y., Pendidikan, P., Pascasarjana, J., Pgri, U., 

& Surabaya, A. B. (2020). Pengembangan Permainan Olahraga Tradisional 

untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Peduli dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani 

Olahraga dan Kesehatan di Sekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan Kesihatan Rekreasi, 

6(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3873171 

 

Ramadhani, R., Umam, R., Abdurrahman, A., & Syazali, M. (2019). The effect of 

flipped-problem based learning model integrated with LMS-google 

classroom for senior high school students. Journal for the Education of Gifted 

Young Scientists, 7(2), 137-158. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.548350 

 

Roesdiyanto, Mr., Sulistyorini, M., Riyad Fadhli, N., & Taufik, Mr. (2019). The Use 

of Blended Learning Model Integrated with Learning Management System 

in Beach Volleyball Learning Subject in Faculty of Sports Science State 

University of Malang. 2nd International Conference on Sports Sciences and 

Health 2018 (ICSSH 2018), 156–159. https://doi.org/10.2991/icssh-

18.2019.36 

 

Rossett, A. (1987). Training Needs Assessment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational. 

 

Rosyida, A. S., Rahayu, T., & Rahayu, S. (2022). The Interactive E-Module Physical 

Fitness in Physical Education Learning for Student XI Grade of Senior High 

School. Journal of Physical Education and Sports, 11(1), 101–113. 

https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpes 

 

Rozaireen Muszali. (2017). Kesan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teradun berasaskan 

Frog VLE bagi Permainan Bola Baling dalam Pendidikan Jasmani. Tanjung 

Malim, Perak: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Rozmi Ismail. (2013). Metodologi Penyelidikan Teori dan Praktis (1st ed.). Bangi, 

Selangor: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 

 

Sablan, J. R., & Prudente, M. (2022). Traditional and flipped learning: Which 

enhances students’ academic performance better? International Journal of 

Information and Education Technology, 12(1), 54-59. 

https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2022.12.1.1586 

 

Saemah Rahman & Zamri Mahamod. (2017). Kreativiti dalam Pengajaran dan 

Pembelajaran (Vol. 2). Bangi, Selangor: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan 

Malaysia, 

 

Safapour, E., Kermanshachi, S., & Taneja, P. (2019). A review of nontraditional 

teaching methods: Flipped classroom, gamification, case study, self-learning, 

and social media. Education Sciences, 9(4). 

https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9040273 

 

Saiful Abrar Zabidi & Hafizhah Zulkifli. (2021). Isu dan cabaran dalam pelaksanaan 

pentaksiran bilik darjah pendidikan islam. Jurnal Teknikal Dan Sains Sosial 

(JTSS), 14(1), 40-45 

 

Shanmugam, K., & Balakrishnan, B. (2019). Pembinaan Kerangka Panduan ICT 

Bagi Mata Pelajaran Sains Untuk Guru-Guru SJK(T) Di Luar Bandar di 

Negeri Perak. Muallim Journal of Social Science and Humanities3, 3(4). 

https://doi.org/10.33306/mjssh/34 

 

Sharifah Alwiah Alsagoff. (1981). Pengenalan pengajaran individu dengan tumpuan 

khas kepada modul pengajaran dan modul pembelajaran. Asia Pacific 

Journal of Educators and Education, 3(1), 46-57. 

http://merr.utm.my/id/eprint/15164 

 

Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaludin Ahmad. (2022). Pembinaan modul: bagaimana 

membina modul latihan dan modul akademik. Bangi, Selangor: Universiti 

Putra Malaysia. 

 

Simah Mamat, Che Aleha Ladin, Azni Yati Kamaruddin, Intan Marfarrina Omar & 

Nor Asiah Ismail. (2021). Covid-19: Cabaran dan Inisiatif dalam Mendepani 

Pelaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Teradun. Sains Insani, 6(2). 

https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol6no2.319 

 

Sipayung, H. D., Sani, R. A., & Bunawan, W. (2018). Collaborative Inquiry For 4C 

Skills. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 200. 

https://doi.org/10.2991/aisteel-18.2018.95 

 

Siti Hajar Taib, Mohd Azharin Ismail & Maimun Aqsha Lubis Abdin Lubis. (2019). 

Inovasi Kesepaduan dan Strategi Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Era 

Revolusi Industri 4.0. ASEAN Comparative Education Research Journal on 

Islam and Civilization, 3(2). 

 

Siti Noranizahhafizah Boyman, Mohamad Basri Jamal, Nur Azah Razali & 

Muhammad Shamsinor Abdul Aziz. (2020). ADDIE Model Design Process 

for 21st century teaching and facilitation activities (Pdpc) In nationhood 

studies module. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(9). 

 

Sukiman, S. (2011). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran.Yogyakarta: Pustaka 

Insan Madani. 

 

Tharmar, K., & Kalidasan, R. (2019). Impact of self study with and without e-

learning modules among physical education students. International Journal 

of Environmental and Science Education, 11(11), 936-945. 

 

Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance 

of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS quarterly, 425-478. 

https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540 

 

Voon, S. H., & Amran Mohd Selva. (2021). Pengaplikasian Teori Pembelajaran 

Konstruktivisme Dalam Pembelajaran Matematik. Sains Insani, 6(2), 73-82. 

https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol6no2.285 

 

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological 

processes. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 

 

Wahyu Hananingsih & Ali Imran. (2020). Modul Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik 

Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan. JUPE: 

Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.36312/jupe.v5i6.1593 

 

Wahyuni, D., Sari, M., & Hurriyah, H. (2020). Efektifitas E-Modul Berbasis Problem 

Solving Terhadap Keterampilan Berfikir Kritis Perserta Didik. Natural 

Science: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang IPA dan Pendidikan IPA, 6(2), 180-189. 

https://doi.org/10.15548/nsc.v6i2.1709 

 

Wang, C., Dev, R., Soh, K., Nasnoor Juzaily Mohd Nasiruddin & Wang, Y. S. 

(2022). Effects of Blended Learning in Physical Education among University 

Students: A Systematic Review. Education Science, 12(8), 530. 

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/8/530 

 

Wicaksana, Y. D., Widoretno, S., & Dwiastuti, S. (2020). The use of critical thinking 

aspects on module to enhance students’ academic achievement. International 

Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 303-314. 

https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13221a 

 

Wulandari, A. M., & Wibowo, A. K. (2022). Pengembangan elektronik modul 

olahraga petanque berbasis android. Multilateral: Jurnal Pendidikan 

Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 21(1), 57-70. 

https://doi.org/10.20527/multilateral.v21i1.11324 

 

Zahora Ahyan & Rozaireen Muszali. (2023). Analisis keperluan terhadap 

Pembangunan Modul Pembelajaran berasaskan Blended Learning topik 

Rekreasi dan Kesenggangan murid tingkatan empat dalam Pendidikan 

Jasmani. Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 12(1), 34-41. 

 

Zainab Alias, Muhammad Zahiruddin Mohamad Hussin, Nurul Aufa Badruldin & 

Hafsah Taha. (2021). The Effectiveness of Flipped Classroom Method on 

Achievement and Readiness in Sets Topic for Form 4 Students. Journal of 

Science and Mathematics Letters, 9(2), 62-74. 

https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol9.2.7.2021 

 

Zhang, Z., & Min, H. (2020). Analysis on the construction of personalized physical 

education teaching system based on a cloud computing platform. Wireless 

Communications and Mobile Computing, 2020, 1-8. 

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8854811